Effect of sprinkler structure on water distribution uniformity

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 052028
Author(s):  
M Xu ◽  
H Li ◽  
C Chen ◽  
Q Tu ◽  
J P Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Uniformity

scholarly journals Effect of Pulse Drip Irrigation Duration on Water Distribution Uniformity

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2276
Author(s):  
David Lozano ◽  
Natividad Ruiz ◽  
Rafael Baeza ◽  
Juana I. Contreras ◽  
Pedro Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Schedule ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Irrigation Performance ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Distribution Uniformity

Developing an appropriate irrigation schedule is essential in order to save water while at the same time maintaining high crop yields. The standard procedures of the field evaluation of distribution uniformity do not take into account the effects of the filling and emptying phases of the irrigation system. We hypothesized that, in sloping sandy soils, when short drip irrigation pulses are applied it is important to take into account the total water applied from the beginning of irrigation until the emptying of the irrigation system. To compute distribution uniformity, we sought to characterize the filling, stable pressure, and emptying phases of a standard strawberry irrigation system. We found that the shorter the time of the irrigation pulse, the worse the distribution uniformity and the potential application efficiency or zero deficit are. This effect occurs because as the volume of water applied during filling and emptying phases increases, the values of the irrigation performance indicators decrease. Including filling and emptying phases as causes of non-uniformity has practical implications for the management of drip irrigation systems in sloping sandy soils.

scholarly journals ENTUPIMENTO DE GOTEJADORES CONVENCIONAIS POR PRECIPITADOS QUÍMICOS DE CARBONATO DE CÁLCIO E MAGNÉSIO, COM QUATRO ÍNDICES DE SATURAÇÃO DE LANGELIER

Irriga ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralini Ferreira de Mélo ◽  
Rubens Duarte Coelho ◽  
Marconi Batista Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Terra Preta ◽  
Langelier Saturation Index ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Saturation Indexes ◽  
Bench Testing

ENTUPIMENTO DE GOTEJADORES CONVENCIONAIS POR PRECIPITADOS QUÍMICOS DE CARBONATO DE CÁLCIO E MAGNÉSIO, COM QUATRO ÍNDICES DE SATURAÇÃO DE LANGELIER  Ralini Ferreira de Mélo1; Rubens Duarte Coelho2; Marconi Batista Teixeira21Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Vitória de Santo Antão, Propriedade Terra Preta, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, [email protected] de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP  1 RESUMO Com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da indução forçada de precipitados químicos à base de carbonatos de cálcio e magnésio no coeficiente de variação e uniformidade de distribuição de água, foi realizado um ensaio no Laboratório de Irrigação da ESALQ/USP, utilizando-se quatro índices de saturação de Langelier (ISL): ISL -2,268; ISL 0,469; ISL 1,156 e ISL 1,439. Em cada ensaio com um determinado ISL, foram utilizados oito tipos de gotejadores convencionais, instalados em uma bancada com11 mde comprimento. As obstruções observadas nos gotejadores, tanto parciais como totais decorrentes do tempo de funcionamento, resultaram em aumento do coeficiente de variação e redução drástica da uniformidade de distribuição de água. Para as condições de ensaio realizado, observou-se que o índice de saturação de Langelier não deve ser usado como único parâmetro para prever a obstrução dos gotejadores. UNITERMOS: irrigação localizada, cálcio e magnésio, Índice de Saturação de Langelier.  MÉLO, R. F.  de; COELHO, R. D.; TEIXEIRA, M. B. CLOGGING OF A COMMERCIAL DRIPPERS BY CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM PRECIPITATES USING FOUR LANGELIER SATURARION INDEXES  2 ABSTRACT An essay was carried out in the laboratory of irrigation at ESALQ/USP   to evaluate the effect of calcium and magnesium precipitates on the variation and uniformity coefficients in irrigation drippers. Four Langelier saturation indexes (LSI) (-2,268; 0,469; 1,156; 1,439) and eight commercial drippers were used. They were installed on an 11m bench testing apparatus. Both partial and total obstructions of the drippers were observed over the operating time increasing the variation coefficient and reducing the water distribution uniformity. Within the test conditions, LSI should not be used as a single parameter to estimate dripper clogging. KEY WORDS: drip irrigation, calcium and magnesium, Langelier saturation index

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO CONVENCIONAL FIXO E GOTEJAMENTO EM VILA RURAL

Irriga ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eguimar Amorim Maciel de Souza ◽  
Paula Cristina de Souza ◽  
Márcio Antônio Vilas Boas
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
System A ◽  
De Se ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
And Storage

AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO CONVENCIONAL FIXO E GOTEJAMENTO EM VILA RURAL  Eguimar Amorim Maciel de Souza; Paula Cristina de Souza; Márcio Antônio Vilas BoasCentro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade do Oeste do Paraná,  Cascavel , Pr, [email protected]  1 RESUMO           O manejo racional da irrigação consiste na aplicação da quantidade necessária de água às plantas no momento correto. É recomendável após a instalação de um sistema de irrigação, proceder-se a testes de campo, com o objetivo de se verificar a adequação da irrigação recomendando, quando necessário, ajustes na operação e, principalmente, no manejo. O propósito deste trabalho foi avaliar dois sistemas de irrigação, sendo um por aspersão convencional fixo e outro por gotejamento,  implantados na Vila Rural Flor do Campo, localizada na região Noroeste do Estado do Paraná, através da determinação dos parâmetros de uniformidade e eficiência de distribuição de água.  Foram utilizadas as metodologias propostas na norma ABNT NBR ISO 7749-2, Asae (1995) e por Keller & Karmeli (1975).   Foram realizados trinta ensaios em cada sistema de irrigação. Para o sistema de irrigação por aspersão foi obtido  CUC  de 77,9%, considerado abaixo do valor mínimo aceitável de 80%, sendo que  a velocidade do vento variou de 0 a 2,4 m s-1. As eficiências de aplicação (Ea) e armazenagem (Es) obtidas neste sistema foram, respectivamente, de 77,0% e 48,8%. No sistema de irrigação por gotejamento foi obtido CUC de 93,7% considerado valor excelente. A Uniformidade de Emissão (UE) encontrada foi de 89,3% sendo considerada boa. As eficiências de aplicação (Ea) e armazenagem (Es) obtidas neste sistema foram, respectivamente, de 100% e 65,0 %. UNITERMOS: Irrigação, aspersão convencional, gotejamento,       uniformidade, eficiência,  avaliação.  SOUZA, E. A. M.; SOUZA, P.C.; VILAS BOAS, M. A. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF FIXED CONVENTIONAL ASPERSION AND DRIPPING IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN  A RURAL VILLAGE  2 ABSTRACT The rational handling of the irrigation consists of the application of the necessary amount of water to the plants at the correct moment. After the installation of an irrigation system, it is recommended the field tests be carried out in order to  verify the adequacy of the recommended irrigation and , when necessary, to adjust the operation and, mainly, the handling. The aim of this work was to evaluate two irrigation  systems,  a fixed conventional aspersion system and a dripping one, installed in the l Flor do Campo, a rural village located in the Northwest of Paraná state, through the determination of the parameters of water distribution uniformity and efficiency. The methodologies used were according to the  ABNT NBR ISO 7749-2 norm, Asae (1995) and for Keller & Karmeli (1975). Thirty assays in each irrigation system were tested. In the irrigation system with  aspersion CUC of 77.9%, which is considered below the minimum acceptable value of 80%, was found  considering that the wind speed varied from   0 to  2.4 ms-1. The efficiencies of application (Ea) and storage (Es) obtained in this system were 77.0% and 48.8 %, respectively. In the dripping  irrigation system, a CUC of 93.7%, considered an excellent value,  was found. The EU was 89.3% and considered good. The efficiencies of application (Ea) and storage (Es) gotten in this system were  100% and 65. 0 %, respectively. KEY WORDS: Irrigation, conventional aspersion, dripping, uniformity, efficiency, evaluation.

scholarly journals Water Distribution Uniformity in Driping System Under Growing Pressures

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
JHONATAN PIAZENTIN ◽  
João Luis Zocoler ◽  
Camila Pires Cremasco ◽  
Alfredo Bonini Neto ◽  
Luís Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Uniformity Coefficient ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Cost Reductions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Distribution Uniformity

Increasing water use efficiency in agricultural systems is critical as it results in economic and environmental cost reductions, especially in localized irrigation, which depends on a number of factors, especially the flow rate of the emitters and proper uniformity of water distribution, both with respect to direct with the pressure of the emitters For this evaluation the use of coefficients of water uniformity, it is essential to indicate the best wetness management. The experiment was carried out in the Irrigation laboratory, in a test stand, using Christiansen uniformity coefficient - CUC, distribution uniformity coefficient - CUD and statistical uniformity coefficient - CUE. In the irrigation line, four pressures on the drip emitter (5, 10, 15 and 20 mca) were applied. The pressure variations obtained did not reduce the efficiency of the uniformity of water distribution by the drip system, falling into high efficiency ranges for all evaluated coefficients, representing adequate wetting rates.

scholarly journals Head and lateral length on water distribution uniformity of a PVC drip irrigation system

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 2298-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans ASENSO ◽  
Jiuhao LI ◽  
Hai-Bo CHEN ◽  
Emmanuel OFORI ◽  
Fuseini ISSAKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Lateral Length

scholarly journals Pressure compensating microsprinklers using microtube as a flow controller

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Alexsandro C. dos Santos Almeida ◽  
Ceres D. G. C. de Almeida ◽  
Tarlei A. Botrel ◽  
José A. Frizzone
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Pressure Variation ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Flow Uniformity ◽  
Random Manner ◽  
Distribution Uniformity

ABSTRACT Microsprinkler non-pressure compensating nozzles usually show water flow variation along the lateral line. This study aimed at adapting microtubes into non-compensating system of microsprinklers previous installed in the field, as a self-compensated nozzle, to improve the flow uniformity along the lateral line. Microtubes were adapted to three types of commercial microsprinklers. Tests were conducted, both in the laboratory and in field, to evaluate the microsprinkler performance at four different flows (40, 50, 60 and 70 L h-1) under pressure head range from 75 to 245 kPa. Nozzles presented coefficient of flow-rate variation (CVq) lower than 5.5% and distribution uniformity (DU) greater than 95%, which are classified as excellent. The original spatial water distribution of the microsprinkler did not change by using microtube as a nozzle. This device adapted to non-pressure compensating microsprinklers are functional and operate effectively with flows ranging up to 70 L h-1. Small variations at microsprinkler flows along the lateral line can occur, however, at random manner, which is common for pressure-compensating nozzles. Therefore, the microtube technique is able to control pressure variation in microsprinklers.

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