scholarly journals Carbon Footprint Associated with Construction Industry and Determination of its Theoretical Amount

2019 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
Z Krejza ◽  
L Vaňková ◽  
J Chovancová
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Theoretical Amount

Human Prothrombin Activation: Determination of Plasma and Serum Levels of Prothrombin Fragment 3 by Radioimmunoassay

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Walz ◽  
Thomas Brown
Keyword(s):  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Prothrombin Activation ◽  
Theoretical Amount

Human prothrombin activation is unique in that, in addition to the release of fragment 1.2 (FI.2) from the NH-terminus of prothrombin by factor Xa during the generation of thrombin, an additional 13 residue polypeptide, fragment 3 (F3), is autocatalytically removed from the amino-terminus of the thrombin A chain. We have developed a rapid radioimmunoassay for human F3 which incorporates short incubation times and the use of a preprecipitated second antibody; the assay can be performed in three hours. Specificity studies in buffer systems show prothrombin and prethrombin 1 cross-reacting at a level of 0.001; purified thrombin does not cross-react. In the presence of 5% BSA, prothrombin displays considerably less cross-reactivity. No immunoreactive material to F3 antibodies could be detected in 400 μL of plasma. Serum, obtained from whole blood clotting, contained measurable quantities of F3 (40-100 ng/mL). This amount in serum represents only 5-10% of the theoretical amount available should all of the fragment be hydrolytically cleaved during the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. This assay procedure is currently being utilized to monitor the activation of purified human prothrombin in the absence and presence of selected plasma inhibitors. (Supported in part by NIH 05384-17 and the Michigan Heart Association).

scholarly journals Effect of type cement on the mechanical strength of copper slag mortars

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Nazer ◽  
Osvaldo Pavez ◽  
Ithamar Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Binder Type ◽  
Initial Resistance

Copper slag is a massive metallurgist waste. Annual production rises up to 24.6 million tons, approximately, and the main environmental impact derived from slag disposal is the usage of great soil extensions and the resulting visual contamination of the landscape. Along time, copper slag has been used in the manufacture of concrete and cement mortars. Thus, with the aim of verifying binder-type influence in the final hardness of mortars, two types of cement were used: regular cement and high initial resistance cement. Copper slag was characterized from the chemical, mineralogical and grading viewpoints. Official Chilean regulations were used in the applied methodology for the determination of some important slag parameters. Compression and flexural strength trials were carried out on cement mortars in specialized laboratories. The obtained results showed that mortars manufactured with copper slag presented a better resistance to compression and flexural strength than mortars manufactured with normal sand, and those made with high initial resistance cement were even better. It can be concluded from this work that copper slag offers optimal mechanical characteristics to be used in the manufacturing of cement mortars, becoming a sustainable and adequate alternative material for usage in the construction industry.

scholarly journals A Social Network-Based Examination on Bid Riggers’ Relationships in the Construction Industry: A Case Study of China

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Liang Xiao ◽  
Kunhui Ye ◽  
Junhong Zhou ◽  
Xiaoting Ye ◽  
Ramadhani Said Tekka
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
The Social ◽  
Network Method ◽  
Solid Foundation

Collusive bidding has been an insidious issue in the construction industry. Bidders initiate collusive networks of various sizes to win market shares. The popularity of collusive bidding networks affects market fairness and erodes the interests of market players. Although considerable research efforts were made to diagnose collusive bidding networks, there remains a gap in knowledge regarding the relationships bid riggers use to engage in the networks. Therefore, this study used the social network method, where two hundred sixteen collusion cases were collected from China to test these relationships. The results show that collusive bidding networks were characterized by sparseness, a small scale, a high concentration, and strong randomness. Three types of collusive bidding networks were also detected: contractual, spontaneous, and shadow. Furthermore, these collusive bidding networks had discrepancies regarding participants’ identities, forms of collusive bids, and the determination of bid winners. It was found that the proposed social network model of deliberating bid riggers’ relationships lays a solid foundation for the detection of collusive bidding in the construction sector.

Routine Estimation of Captan on Individual Sorghum Seeds

1971 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1110-1112
Author(s):  
Paul W Simon ◽  
Martin M Kulik
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Testing Laboratories ◽  
Seed Testing ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theoretical Amount

Abstract A colorimetric method to delect captan was modified to permit rapid estimation of this fungicide on individual sorghum seeds. The procedure involves extraction of captan with benzene, removal of interfering dyes with Florisil, reaction with a resorcinol solution, and determination of color intensity with a colorimeter. One hundred seeds from each of 11 commercially treated samples were tested. The seeds numbered from 116,000 to 161,000/ lb. The average amount per sample of captan removed from seeds varied from 10.6 to 28.9 μg/seed and from 0.307 to 1.032 μg/mg seed weight. The theoretical amount of captan should have been 0.975 to 1.400 μg/mg seed weight, according to the container labels. The results indicate the need for closer control of seed treatment and for better definition of amounts of treatment required for adequate seed protection. The method presented now makes it feasible for seed testing laboratories to routinely determine amounts of captan on individual seeds. One technician could probably analyze up to 600 seeds daily, using equipment of larger capacity than the prototypes described in this paper.

scholarly journals A new approach for modelling variability in residential construction projects

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Arashpour ◽  
Ron Wakefield ◽  
Nick Blismas ◽  
EWM Lee
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Completion Rates ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Product Delivery ◽  
Standard Practices

The construction industry is plagued by long cycle times caused by variability in the supply chain. Variations or undesirable situations are the result of factors such as non-standard practices, work site accidents, inclement weather conditions and faults in design. This paper uses a new approach for modelling variability in construction by linking relative variability indicators to processes. Mass homebuilding sector was chosen as the scope of the analysis because data is readily available. Numerous simulation experiments were designed by varying size of capacity buffers in front of trade contractors, availability of trade contractors, and level of variability in homebuilding processes. The measurements were shown to lead to an accurate determination of relationships between these factors and production parameters. The variability indicator was found to dramatically affect the tangible performance measures such as home completion rates. This study provides for future analysis of the production homebuilding sector, which may lead to improvements in performance and a faster product delivery to homebuyers. 

Energy Savings and Pollution Reduction by Coupling a Three-Kiln Brick Production System for the Construction Industry

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa H. Cha´vez ◽  
Javier de J. Guadarrama ◽  
Leticia Carapia ◽  
Abel Herna´ndez-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
General Law ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Heavy Fuels

Atmospheric pollution is one of the most important environmental problems, becoming a phenomenon that could reach levels of serious consequences with irreversible environmental impacts. In Mexico, like in several other countries, brick makers carry out brick production by burning mixtures of different heavy fuels. Because of the wide variety of fuels used it is necessary to determine what types of residual gases are generated, in order to propose remedial treatments in production or to introduce substitution technologies. These preventive actions need to be put in place in order to comply with the Ecological Balance and Environment Protection General Law. Brick kilns emit pollutant gases and particles that remain in the air causing a serious health hazard to the near-factory residents. Amongst these pollutants are carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur oxides (SOx) and hydrocarbons. This paper presents the results of the analysis of a novel 3-kilns coupled system. This experimental analysis includes the determination of the combustion products for gases and particulate matter generated from the burning of the heavy fuels using Gas Chromatography and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Field data also allowed the determination of energy savings for this system, mainly due to the reduction of the consumption of fuel. Fortunately these results show a combined 30% energy savings and a reduction of pollutants and particle emissions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document