scholarly journals A comparison of cation exchange capacity of organic soils determined by ammonium acetate solutions buffered at some pHs ranging between around field pH and 7.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 012015 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Gumbara ◽  
Darmawan ◽  
B Sumawinata
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Soils

Exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity of forest soil samples: Effects of drying, storage, and horizon

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wietse L. Meyer ◽  
Paul A. Arp
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Storage Effects ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Extractable Al

Concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, and Si extractable with 1 N ammonium chloride (NH4Cl, pH 4.5) and 1 N ammonium acetate (NH4OAc, pH 4.5) were determined for forest soil samples as follows: (1) before drying, and (2) at several time intervals after air-drying (1, 5, 11 and 14 wk). Values for CEC were obtained for the same samples by determining (1) the sum of cations (Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Fe3+, and Mn2+) in the extracts [denoted [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]], and (2) the amount of ammonium retained by the soil samples against water washing [denoted CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC (NH4Cl)]. The soils used in this investigation were taken from four New Brunswick upland forest sites (two sugar maple sites, one mixed wood site, and one spruce site). It was round that (1) extractable Mg, K, Na, and Mn levels were generally not affected by drying, storing, and type of extradant; (2) extractable Al and Fe levels increased immediately after drying; (3) NH4OAc-extracted Al, Fe, and Si exceeded NH4Cl-extracted Al, Fe, and Si; (4) extracted Al and Fe levels tended to drop after 11 wk of storage; (5) small drying effects were also noticed for NH4Cl-extracted Ca; (6) CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl) values decreased with increasing time of storage; this effect was noticed most for soil samples with high levels of organic matter (Ah, Ahe, Bm, Bf, and Bfh), and was noticed least for sod samples taken from leached horizons (Ae) and subsoil horizons (BC and C); (7) in some cases, storage time increased CEC(NH4OAc) in subsoils; (8) values for [Formula: see text] remained fairly independent or increased slightly with storage time and were closely related with CEC(NH4Cl) values obtained with non-dried samples; (9) values for [Formula: see text] did not relate well with CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl). Differences for extractable Al were likely due to Al complexation by acetate ions. Drying effects on extractable Al and Fe (and possibly Ca) were likely due to drying-induced fragmentation of soil organic matter. Drying and storage effects on CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl) were likely due to (1) water-washing and related loss of organic matter, and (2) sensitivity of subsoil minerals to air exposure. Apparent drying and storage effects on CEC were most noted with [Formula: see text] and were least noted with [Formula: see text]. Key words: Cation exchange capacity, ion exchange, drying, storage, ammonium acetate, ammonium chloride extractions

scholarly journals Estimation of cation-exchange capacity in routine soil testing

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Raina Niskanen ◽  
Antti Jaakkola
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Exchangeable Ca

The efficiency of the soil testing method used in Finland for predicting the effective cation-exchange capacity was studied in a material of 430 topsoil samples. The effective cation-exchange capacity was estimated 1) by summation of exchangeable Ca, Mg and acidity displaced by unbuffered 1 M KCI and 2) by summation of exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and Na displaced by neutral 1 M ammonium acetate and exchangeable acidity. In soil testing, Ca, Mg and K were extracted by acid ammonium acetate and soil pH measured in water-suspension. The estimates of the effective CEC were highly correlated and dependent on the clay and organic carbon content and pH(CaCl2) of the soil, the coefficient of multiple determination being over 80 %. Exchangeable Ca was the dominating cation. The proportion of Ca of the effective CEC was about 80 %. Acid ammonium acetate-extractable Ca together with pH(H2O) explained over 80 % of the variation in the effective CEC. For the whole material consisting of mineral soils with great variations in texture, organic carbon content and properties under evaluation, the regression equation predicting the effective CEC (KCI method) was CEC (mval/kg) = 309—56.8pH(H2O) + 0.085Ca(mg/l). Only 16 % of the estimates of the effective CEC calculated with this regression equation deviated more than 15 % from the measured values.

scholarly journals Effect of liming on the magnesium status of some mineral soils and on the fate of fertilizer magnesium

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-137
Author(s):  
Raili Jokinen
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Magnesium Status ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Extractable Al

Nine mineral soils were incubated in laboratory without lime (Ca0) or limed (Ca1) with calcium carbonate (lab.reag.), and without magnesium fertilizer (Mg0) or fertilized with MgSO4*7H20 (Mg1 = 4 mg/100 g soil Mg). The incubation covered a period of seven weeks in aerobic conditions at constant 20 °C temperature. The relative increase in the effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) caused by liming seemed to be in coarse mineral soils greater than in clay soils. The differences in pH (CaCl2) values between soil types was not so evident. In seven soils of the nine, liming decreased the 0,01 M CaCl2 extractable magnesium content more than in 1 M KCI or in 1 M neutral ammonium acetate extractable magnesium contents. The limed soils contained ammonium acetate extractable magnesium 2—24 % less than the unlimed soils. The decrease in magnesium content was greatest in acid muddy silt (Littorina soil) and in acid silty clay. Without lime the I M KCI extractable (Al+H) contents of these soils were 6,6 and 2,2 me/100 g soil and pH (CaCl2) 3,9 and 4,5, respectively. In finesand soils liming seemed to increase the magnesium content although not significantly. In limed soils 17—73 %of the fertilizer magnesium was extractable in 0,01 M CaCl2, 67—100 % extractable in 1 M KCI and 57—100 % extractable in 1 M neutral ammonium acetate. The equivalent ratio of exchangeable (1 M ammonium acetate, pH 7) calcium to magnesium in the soils may give pointers to the choice of liming agents, especially in the liming of low cation exchange capacity soils.

scholarly journals Estimating cation exchange capacity and clay content from agricultural soil testing data

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Räty ◽  
Riikka Keskinen ◽  
Markku Yli-Halla ◽  
Juha Hyvönen ◽  
Helena Soinne
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Pedotransfer Functions ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Ph Buffering

Clay content and the ability to reversibly retain cations affect many essential chemical and physical properties of soil, such as pH buffering and carbon sequestration. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and base saturation are also commonly used as criteria in soil classification. However, determination of CEC and particle-size distribution is laborious and not included in routine soil testing. In this study, pedotransfer functions including soil test cations (STCat; Ca2+ + Mg2+ + K+), pH and soil organic carbon (SOC, %) as explanatory variables were developed for estimating CEC, titratable acidity (TA; H+ + Al3+) and clay content (clay, %). In addition, reference values for potential CEC and its components were determined for Finnish mineral and organic soils. The mean of potential CEC extracted by 1 M ammonium acetate at pH 7.0 ranged from 14 (range 6.4−25) in coarse soils to 33 (21−45) cmol(+) kg-1 in heavy clay soils, and from 42 (24−82) in mull soils to 77 (25−138) cmol(+) kg-1 in peat soils. The average CEC of clay and SOC were 27 and 160 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively. Titratable acidity occupied 53% and around 40% of the CEC sites in organic and mineral soils, respectively, evidencing that it is a prominent component of the potential CEC in these predominantly acidic soils. STCat, pH and SOC explained 96% of the variation in potential CEC. STCat and pH can be used in estimating the clay content especially for soils containing over 30% clay. In coarse textured soils, in contrast, SOC hampers the STCat based estimation of clay content.

scholarly journals THE CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF INDUSTRIAL MINERALS AND ROCKS OF MILOS ISLAND

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kantiranis ◽  
A. Filippidis ◽  
S. Vouta ◽  
A. Drakoulis ◽  
Th. Koutles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Amorphous Content ◽  
Positive Correlations

Four samples of bentonite, two of perlite, a kaolin and a pumice sample from five mines of Milos Island, have been investigated for their Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and the mineralogical composition (wt.%), by using the Ammonium Acetate Saturation (AMAS) method and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) method, respectively. The bentonite samples contain 68-100 wt.% clay minerals and show CEC values of 35-121 meq/100g, while the kaolin sample contain 41 wt.% clay minerals and show CEC value of 28 meq/100g. The amorphous materials are the main constituent of the perlite samples (73-77 wt.%) and pumice sample (88 wt.%). The CEC values ofperlites were 3-4 meq/100g, while the pumice sample showed a CEC value of 73 meq/100g. The CEC of the samples showed positive correlations with the total content of microporous minerals (clay minerals+micas) as well as with the microporous minerals+amorphous content, mainly affected by the clay minerals content.

THE DETERMINATION OF EXCHANGEABLE CATIONS AND CATION-EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF SOILS USING DILUTE NICKEL CHLORIDE

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-365
Author(s):  
Joseph Baker ◽  
W. T. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchangeable Cations ◽  
Silicate Clay

The use of nickel as a displacing ion in the determination of exchangeable cations and cation-exchange capacity was evaluated using several British Columbia soils. The values for exchangeable cations and cation-exchange capacity for the soils examined, using 0.25 normal neutral nickel chloride, were higher than those obtained by the ammonium acetate extraction method. For the most part, in samples examined, values were found to be more readily and consistently reproduced with the nickel chloride extractant. Dispersion of soil organic matter and silicate clay minerals was negligible, and the washing step involving ethanol has been eliminated.

COMPARISON OF PROCEDURES FOR ESTIMATING EXCHANGE PROPERTIES AND AVAILABILITY OF PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM IN SOME EASTERN CANADIAN ORGANIC SOILS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. MacLean ◽  
R. L. Halstead ◽  
A. R. Mack ◽  
J. J. Jasmin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Potassium Supply ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Exchange Properties

Determination of the cation-exchange capacity of 17 organic soils by the ammonium acetate method or by measurement of H replaced from HCl-treated samples by neutral 1 N NH4OAc, 1 N and 0.5 N Ba(OAc)2, and 0.5 N KOAc gave results which were closely related. The magnitude of the values varied with procedure, however, and 1 N Ba(OAc)2 gave the highest results.In a greenhouse experiment, the average uptake of potassium and of phosphorus by plants was higher at a soil temperature of 75° F than at 57° F. Percentage uptake of potassium by the plants was significantly correlated with the following criteria of potassium supply in the soils: exchangeable K, water-soluble K, [Formula: see text] and per cent K saturation. The corresponding percentage uptake of phosphorus was significantly correlated with the amounts of phosphorus extracted from the soils with 0.03 N NH4F + 0.1 N HCl, 0.5 N HOAc, water, and 0.5 M NaHCO3. The results indicated that water might serve as a suitable extractant of both potassium and phosphorus.

Comparison of the methylene blue absorption and the ammonium acetate saturation methods for determination of CEC values of zeolite-rich tufts

Clay Minerals ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Kitsopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Exchange Capacity

One of the most important properties of zeolitized volcaniclastic materials is the cation exchange capacity (CEC). Numerous techniques are available for measuring CEC and the methylene blue absorption (MBA) (Nevins & Weintritt, 1967) and the ammonium acetate saturation (AMAS) (Chapman, 1965) methods are two of those commonly used. The aim of this study was to compare the results obtained by the two methods when used with zeolite-rich materials.

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