Considering the large variations of working fluid's properties in near-critical region, this paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of the performance of organic Rankine cycle in near-critical condition (NORC) subjected to the influence of evaporation temperature. Three typical organic fluids are selected as working fluids. They are dry R236fa, isentropic R142b, and wet R152a, which are suited for heat source temperature from 395 to 445 K. An iteration calculation method is proposed to calculate the performance parameters of organic Rankine cycle (ORC). The variations of superheat degree, specific absorbed heat, expander inlet pressure, thermal efficiency, and specific net power of these fluids with evaporation temperature are analyzed. It is found that the working fluids in NORC should be superheated because of the large slope variation of the saturated vapor curve in near-critical region. However, the use of dry R236fa or isentropic R142b in NORC can be accepted because of the small superheat degree. The results also indicate that a small variation of evaporation temperature requires a large variation of expander inlet pressure, which may make the system more stable. In addition, due to the large decrease of latent heat in near-critical region, the variation of specific absorbed heat with evaporation temperature is small for NORC. Both specific net power and thermal efficiency for the fluids in NORC increase slightly with the rise of the evaporation temperature, especially for R236fa and R142b. Among the three types of fluids, dry R236fa and isentropic R142b are better suited for NORC. The results are useful for the design and optimization of ORC system in near-critical condition.
Thermal Efficiency Simulation of Working Fluids Performance on Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Biomass Energy