Shoots multiplication of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) with benzyl amino purine and kinetin modification

Abstract Background Vanilla planifolia is an important tropical orchid for production of natural vanilla flavor. Traditionally, V. planifolia is propagated by stem cuttings, which produces identical genotype that are sensitive to virulent pathogens. However, propagation with seed germination of V. planifolia is intricate and unstable because the seed coat is extremely hard with strong hydrophobic nature. A better understanding of seed development, especially the formation of impermeable seed coat would provide insights into seed propagation and conservation of genetic resources of Vanilla. Results We found that soaking mature seeds in 4% sodium hypochlorite solution from 75 to 90 min significantly increased germination. For the culture of immature seeds, the seed collection at 45 days after pollination (DAP) had the highest germination percentage. We then investigated the anatomical features during seed development that associated with the effect of seed pretreatment on raising seed germination percentage. The 45-DAP immature seeds have developed globular embryos and the thickened non-lignified cell wall at the outermost layer of the outer seed coat. Seeds at 60 DAP and subsequent stages germinated poorly. As the seed approached maturity, the cell wall of the outermost layer of the outer seed coat became lignified and finally compressed into a thick envelope at maturity. On toluidine blue O staining, the wall of outer seed coat stained greenish blue, indicating the presence of phenolic compounds. As well, on Nile red staining, a cuticular substance was detected in the surface wall of the embryo proper and the innermost wall of the inner seed coat. Conclusion We report a reliable protocol for seed pretreatment of mature seeds and for immature seeds culture based on a defined time schedule of V. plantifolia seed development. The window for successful germination of culturing immature seed was short. The quick accumulation of lignin, phenolics and/or phytomelanins in the seed coat may seriously inhibit seed germination after 45 DAP. As seeds matured, the thickened and lignified seed coat formed an impermeable envelope surrounding the embryo, which may play an important role in inducing dormancy. Further studies covering different maturity of green capsules are required to understand the optimal seed maturity and germination of seeds.

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Evaluation of Chemical Variability of Cured Vanilla Beans (Vanilla tahitensis and Vanilla planifolia)

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0900401016 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christel Brunschwig ◽

François Xavier Collard ◽

Jean-Pierre Bianchini ◽

Phila Raharivelomanana

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Vanilla Planifolia ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Total Fatty Acids ◽

Curing Method ◽

Fatty Acid Compositions

In order to establish a chemical fingerprint of vanilla diversity, thirty samples of V. planifolia J. W. Moore and V. tahitensis G. Jackson cured beans from seven producing countries were examined for their aroma and fatty acid contents. Both fatty acid and aroma compositions were found to vary between vanilla species and origins. Vanillin was found in higher amounts in V. planifolia (1.7-3.6% of dry matter) than in V. tahitensis (1.0-2.0%), and anisyl compounds were found in lower amounts in V. planifolia (0.05%) than in V. tahitensis (1.4%-2.1%). Ten common and long chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCFA) were identified and were found to be characteristic of the vanilla origin. LCFA derived from secondary metabolites have discriminating compositions as they reach 5.9% and 15.8% of total fatty acids, respectively in V. tahitensis and V. planifolia. This study highlights the role of the curing method as vanilla cured beans of two different species cultivated in the same country were found to have quite similar fatty acid compositions.

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Quantification of the aromatic potential of ripe fruit of Vanilla planifolia (Orchidaceae) and several of its closely and distantly related species and hybrids

European Food Research and Technology ◽

10.1007/s00217-021-03726-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Araceli Pérez-Silva ◽

Mayra Nicolás-García ◽

Thomas Petit ◽

Jean Bernard Dijoux ◽

María de los Ángeles Vivar-Vera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Related Species ◽

Vanilla Planifolia ◽

Ripe Fruit

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Development of an embryo germination protocol for shy-seeded grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262121000307 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ashwini P. Benke ◽

Ram Krishna ◽

Roshni R. Samarth ◽

Shweta S. Dhumal ◽

Waquar A. Ansari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Growth Media ◽

Embryo Germination ◽

Indole Butyric Acid ◽

Grape Berries ◽

Benzyl Amino Purine

Abstract Acquisition and germination of seeds are the most desired targets for the improvement of vegetatively propagated crops. In the present study, we developed a potential embryo germination protocol for the Red Globe grape cultivar having a low seed germination rate. Three grape berries at different developmental stages, viz. 50, 60 and 70 days after flowering (DAF), were selected for in-vitro embryo germination. Three growth media, namely Emershad and Ramming (ER), Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) and Murashige and Skoog (MS), and plant growth regulators (benzyl amino purine (BA), 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 mg/l; indole butyric acid (IBA), 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l; and gibberellic acid (GA), 0.1, 0.3 and 0.9 mg/l) were screened individually in different combinations with three amino acids, namely cysteine, glutamine and proline (2.0 μmol/l each). The maximum embryos germination percentage recorded at 70 DAF was 63.33, 47.78 and 45.56% in ER, NN and MS media, respectively, supplemented with 0.9 mg/l BA, 2.0 mg/l IBA, 0.9 mg/l GA and 2.0 μmol glutamine. Glutamine was found to have the most significant impact, and it improved the rescued embryos germination. The present study provides a potential recipe for a medium that can facilitate efficient germination of grape embryos.

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Action of vanillin (Vanilla planifolia) on the morphology of tibialis anterior and soleus muscles after nerve injury

Einstein (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s1679-45082017ao3967 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 186-191 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ana Luiza Peretti ◽

Juliana Sobral Antunes ◽

Keli Lovison ◽

Regina Inês Kunz ◽

Lidyane Regina Gomes Castor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nerve Injury ◽

Tibialis Anterior ◽

Morphological Analysis ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Control Group ◽

Vanilla Planifolia ◽

Morphological Alterations ◽

Injury Group ◽

Fiber Atrophy ◽

Oral Doses

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the action of vanillin (Vanilla planifolia) on the morphology of tibialis anterior and soleus muscles after peripheral nerve injury. Methods Wistar rats were divided into four groups, with seven animals each: Control Group, Vanillin Group, Injury Group, and Injury + Vanillin Group. The Injury Group and the Injury + Vanillin Group animals were submitted to nerve injury by compression of the sciatic nerve; the Vanillin Group and Injury + Vanillin Group, were treated daily with oral doses of vanillin (150mg/kg) from the 3rd to the 21st day after induction of nerve injury. At the end of the experiment, the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles were dissected and processed for light microscopy and submitted to morphological analysis. Results The nerve compression promoted morphological changes, typical of denervation, and the treatment with vanillin was responsible for different responses in the studied muscles. For the tibialis anterior, there was an increase in the number of satellite cells, central nuclei and fiber atrophy, as well as fascicular disorganization. In the soleus, only increased vascularization was observed, with no exacerbation of the morphological alterations in the fibers. Conclusion The treatment with vanillin promoted increase in intramuscular vascularization for the muscles studied, with pro-inflammatory potential for tibialis anterior, but not for soleus muscle.

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