scholarly journals The results of the use of gridless technology for the selection and sowing in a forest nursery of 1000 pieces equalized by weight and size (thickness) of Scotch pine seed fractions

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
A D Golev ◽  
G G Goleva ◽  
V A Ivannikov ◽  
V N Bukhtoyarov
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Nursery Areas ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Abstract The aim of our research is to analyze the quantitative composition of standard and non-standard Scots pine seedlings grown with all sowing options: calibrated small and large seeds, as well as uncalibrated seeds. As the material for the study, we used a batch of Scots pine seeds, which were divided by weight into two equal parts. Subsequently, one part was calibrated on a sieve-free separator in thickness into small and large fractions, and the second was not calibrated. The size gap in the calibrated fractions was determined experimentally based on the minimum and maximum size of the seed thickness. All the seeds obtained were sown separately from each other in the nursery areas. At the end of the second growing season, using the field method of accounting for the grown planting material, a sample of standard and non-standard seedlings was carried out. As a result, it was found that in crops with calibrated seeds of non-standard seedlings is 25 … 30% less than in crops with non-calibrated seeds. Thus, sowing with Scots pine seeds calibrated in thickness makes it possible to significantly increase the productivity of forest nursery areas in comparison with sowing with uncalibrated seeds.

Nitrate metabolism in Scots pine seedlings during their first growing season

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sarjala ◽  
R. Raitio ◽  
E.-M. Turkki
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Nitrate Metabolism

Some observations on the shoot growth of pine seedlings

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Terminal Bud

Sequential observations in lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl.) and Scots pine (P. sylvestris L.) showed that the second season's shoot was not produced solely from stem units in the terminal resting bud as previously assumed. The stem units held in the rosette of primary needles surrounding the terminal bud elongated to form most of the second season's shoot. The terminal bud only contributed 29 to 54% of the stem units. There was a marked difference between an inland and a coastal provenance of lodgepole pine in the appearance of the shoot apex at the end of the first growing season.

Shoot morphology and shoot growth potential in 1-year-old Scots pine seedlings

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Shoot Morphology ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pine Seedlings

When seedlings of a single seed source of Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) were raised for 26 weeks in a naturally lit, heated greenhouse, two types of shoot morphology were observed. Type 1 was that normally found in 1-year-old seedlings. Type 2 had a shoot morphology similar to that of seedlings raised outdoors for two growing seasons. When compared with type 1 plants, type 2 plants had an earlier start to shoot elongation, set their buds earlier, and stopped shoot elongation sooner. After one growing season, type 2 plants were shorter, had fewer stem units for shoot elongation in the second season, but carried a greater foliage biomass than 1-year-old type plants. After two seasons they remained shorter. Thus, plant rearing practices which result in the production of seedlings with this type of shoot morphology arc undesirable.The relationship between early "budsct," shoot morphology, and plant height suggests that the proportion of seedlings with a 2-year-old shoot morphology after one growing season in a heated greenhouse may be used as an early test for height growth potential in seed origins and possibly in progenies of north temperate pine species.

scholarly journals Phytopathogenic micromycetes of Scots pine (Рinus sylvestris L.) in the territory of the Lower Priangarye

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.А. Сенашова ◽  
И.Е. Сафронова ◽  
Т.Л. Вилкова
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Pine Needle ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Natural Forest Regeneration

Естественная регенерация лесов играет важную роль в укреплении экологической целостности региона и является ключом к устойчивому лесному хозяйству. Создание новых лесных насаждений требует знания фитосанитарной ситуации. Цель данного исследования изучение видового разнообразия фитопатогенных микромицетов, вызывающих заболевания у сеянцев и подроста сосны обыкновенной на территории Нижнего Приангарья. Исследование фитопатогенных микромицетов сосны обыкновенной проводилось в 1996 2016 гг. на территории лесного питомника (Енисейское лесничество Маклаковский питомник) и в естественных лесах (Гремучинское, Манзенское и Мотыгинское лесничества). При диагностике заболеваний использовались макроскопический, микроскопический и микологический методы. Учитывался тип спороношения микромицетов, строение плодовых тел, размер спор и характер их расположения. В результате проведенного исследования на территории лесничеств Нижнего Приангарья идентифицированы следующие аскомицеты, вызывающие преждевременное отмирание хвои сосны обыкновенной как у сеянцев, так и у молодых сосен: Lophodermium seditiosum Minter, Staley AND Millar, Lophodermium pinastri (Schrad.) Chevall., Gremmenia infestans (P. Karst.) Crous (Phacidium infestans P. Karst.), Cyclaneusma minus (Butin) DiCosmo, Peredo AND Minter. В условиях лесного питомника диагностировались сосудистые поражения сеянцев, обусловленные деятельностью грибов Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp., Verticillium sp. Наиболее часто встречающейся болезнью сосны обыкновенной в ювенильной стадии среди искусственных и естественных насаждений является шютте, вызванное L. seditiosum. В условиях естественного возобновления содоминирующим заболеванием оказался язвенный (биаторелловый рак), вызываемый Sarea difformis. При этом наибольшая распространенность соснового подроста, инфицированного данным патогенном, зарегистрирована в лишайниковой группе типов леса, а наименьшая в осочковоразнотравной. Natural forest regeneration plays an important role in the enhancement of ecological integrity of the region and is a key to a sustainable forestry. To establish new forest plantations, extensive knowledge of phytosanitary situation is required. The goal of our research was to study phytopathogenic micromycetes that cause the decline in Scots pine seedlings in the Lower Priangarye. The study was carried out during the period from 1996 to 2016 at a forest nursery (Yenisei forestry Maklakovsky nursery) and natural forests (Gremuchinskoe, Manzenskoe, and Motyginskoe forestries). Macroscopic, microscopic, and mycological methods were used. The type of sporulation of micromycetes, the structure of fruit bodies, the size of spores and their locations were used for the analysis. We identified the following ascomycetes that cause the pine needle diseases, both in the seedlings and young pines: Lophodermium seditiosum Minter, Staley AND Millar, Lophodermium pinastri (Schrad.) Chevall., Gremmenia infestans (P. Karst.) Crous (Phacidium infestans P. Karst.), Cyclaneusma minus (Butin) DiCosmo, Peredo AND Minter. In a forest nursery conditions, vascular damage of seedlings due to the activity of the fungi Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp., Verticillium sp. were diagnosed. The most common disease of Scots pine in the juvenile stage among all seedlings of artificial and natural plantations was Lophodermium needle cast. In the natural regeneration conditions, the damage caused by Sarea difformis was a codominant disease. At the same time, the greatest prevalence of pine undergrowth infected with this pathogen was registered in the lichen pine forest, while the lowest was in the sedgeforb forest.

Development of freezing tolerance in roots and shoots of Scots pine seedlings at nonfreezing temperatures

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aija Ryyppö ◽  
Tapani Repo ◽  
Elina Vapaavuori
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Frost Hardiness ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Extracellular Resistance

The hardening of hydroponically cultured Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings and their recovery after freezing was studied at the end of the second growing season (LD), after 3 weeks of short day treatment (SD), after a gradual decrease in temperature to 5°C over 4 weeks (H1), and after 4 weeks at 5°C (H2). Frost hardiness was determined by several methods and the recovery as survival of the seedlings. The highest frost hardiness was achieved in the distal parts of needles (-21 to -27°C) and in the proximal parts of needles (-18 to -25°C), followed by woody roots (-7 to -9°C), the 1-year-old and current stem (-8°C), and the fine roots (-5°C), all at the end of H2. Hardening of needles was induced by SD, but the stem and woody roots started to harden later, as a response to low temperature. As a result of frost treatment during LD and SD, potential plasma membrane roman H+-ATPase activity of roots decreased as electrolyte leakage increased and extracellular resistance decreased, but this relationship was lost during H1 and H2. The present study demonstrates the lack of hardening capacity in the fine roots of Scots pine seedlings at nonfreezing temperatures and the increased mortality of the young seedlings having frost damage on roots.

scholarly journals A descriptive model o Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) L. seedling's growth during the first growing season

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1–2) ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Teresa Gowin ◽  
Leokadiusz Ubysz
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Logistic Growth ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Net Assimilation

Scots pine seedlings were grown in pots from seed under outside conditions. Plant material was harvested ten times in fortnight periods, throughout the growing season. At each harvest, each plant was divided into particular organs and their dimensions as well as fresh and dry weight were determined. Seasonal course of growth of particular organs as well as changes in specific leaf area and distribution of dry matter between shoot and root were investigated. Net assimilation rate (NAR) and relative growth rate (RGR) were calculated from the fitted logistic growth curves.

scholarly journals Adaptation of foreign technologies of intensive cultivation of scots pine planting material in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Svetlana Anatolyevna Kabanova ◽  
Valery Anatolyevich Bortsov ◽  
Matvey Anatolyevich Danchenko
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Presowing Treatment ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Sowing Seed

The purpose of the research was the adaptation of foreign technologies for intensive and accelerated cultivation of Scots pine planting material in Kazakhstan. Objects of research were annual seedlings of scots pine in forest nurseries of Pavlodar, Akmola, and North Kazakhstan regions. The experiments were established in 4 directions: application of dry growth regulators to soil, pre-sowing seed treatment with growth regulators, soaking seeds in stimulants and fungicide, pre-sowing watering of the soil with growth regulators. It was established that seed quality decreased significantly compared to the last year, only seeds from Pavlodar region had high indicators. Seeds from the nursery ‘Ertic Ormany’ had the highest average indicators of soil germination (58.7…67.8%). In ‘Bukhpa’, the highest germination was observed in seeds soaked with Zircon + Trichocin (3 + 2 hours). Baikal growth regulator and AridGrow slightly increased germination in the nursery of Arykbalyk branch of ‘Kokshetau’. In the forest nursery ‘Ertis Ormany’, the highest annual seedlings were obtained in variants with presowing treatment of scots pine seeds with stimulants and watering the soil with growth substances. The average height of experimental seedlings was 4.32 and 4.64 cm, respectively. The combined use of Zircon and Trichocin increased seedling growth in ‘Bukpa’ nursery to 1.42 cm, which was the highest value. It was revealed that the technologies used in neighboring countries for intensive cultivation of scots pine seedlings showed a positive effect only when using Citovit. According to other experiments, it was determined that seedlings of scots pine grown from seeds with pre-sowing treatment in Gumat+7 for 12 hours had the best growth indicators in height. Increased soil fertility through applying nitrogen, phosphorus fertilizers, soil activator AridGrow and KZ Cultury significantly accelerated growth of scots pine seedlings.

scholarly journals GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTING MATERIAL OF SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF BIOORGANIC COMPOSITIONS FROM BASIDIOMYCETES AND CERIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
P. V. Didenko ◽  
L. D. Romanchuk ◽  
O. A. Boyko ◽  
N. P. Sus ◽  
O. A. Demchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cerium Dioxide ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Objective. To research the influence of bioorganic composition Bioekofunge-1 and cerium dioxide nanoparticles on growth and development of planting material of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Methods. Biotechnological, environmental, virological and microbiological methods. Results. The stimulating effect of Bioekofunge-1 and cerium dioxide nanoparticles on planting material of Scots pine, namely acceleration of growth and development of both aboveground and underground organs of pine plants, has been demonstrated. Specifically, we have found that treatment of Scots pine seedlings with 0.5 % Bioekofunge-1 solution results in average increase of height by 39.05 % and average increase in weight of roots by 51.85 % compared to the control group treated with water. Also, we have shown that treatment of Scots pine seedlings with 0.5 % Bioekofunge-1 solution and 0.001 % solution of cerium dioxide nanoparticles results in increase of height by 31.25 % and average increase in weight of roots by 23.49 % compared to the control group treated with water. Our research has brought to light antipathogenic and healing effect of integrated treatment with cerium dioxide nanoparticles and bioorganic composition Bioekofunge-1, namely 3-7 % of Scots pine seedlings in the control group had ring rotting near the root collar, which was absent in the seedlings, which were treated with 0.5 % Bioekofunge-1 solution and 0.001 % solution of cerium dioxide nanoparticles. At the same time, soil environment in which the plants of the control group were grown, was contaminated with pathogens of different taxa, while soil environment where plants treated with both Bioekofunge-1 and Bioekofunge-1 in combination with cerium dioxide nanoparticles were grown, did not contain pathogens. Conclusion. Applying both Bioekofunge-1 and Bioekofunge-1 in combination with cerium dioxide nanoparticles is an effective way to obtain healthy planting material of Scots pine. It was established that these agents stimulate the growth and development of Scots pine plants.

Frost damage and recovery of Scots pine seedlings at the end of the growing season

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1376-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ryyppö ◽  
S Sutinen ◽  
M Mäenpää ◽  
E Vapaavuori ◽  
T Repo
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Pine Seedlings

scholarly journals Early Field Performance of Small-Sized Silver Birch and Scots Pine Container Seedlings at Different Planting Depths

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Laura Pikkarainen ◽  
Jaana Luoranen ◽  
Heli Peltola
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Deep planting is recommended in Nordic countries only for normal-sized container seedlings planted on mounds. Its effects on smaller-sized seedlings are poorly understood. We studied the effects of planting depth on the early field performance of small-sized silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) container seedlings. Silver birch seedlings (mean height of 16 cm) were planted to depths of 3, 6 and 8 cm on spot mounds in May 2016. Scots pine seedlings (mean height of 9 cm) were planted to depths of 2, 5 and 8 cm on inverted mounds in September 2018 and May 2019. At the end of the first growing season, the deeper-planted birch seedlings were the tallest, as opposed to the deeper-planted Scots pine seedlings. However, the height differences between the planting depths were not apparent until the end of the second growing season in both tree species. Deeper planting decreased damage in Scots pine seedlings in the first growing season, which was not observed in silver birch. Based on our findings, small-sized Scots pine and silver birch seedlings can be planted safely at 6–8 cm planting depths, if at least 20% and 50% of their shoots, respectively, are above ground.

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