scholarly journals Fore Karst: A Biotope-focused planning approach for the ecological management of Susong Dalaga, Quirino

2021 ◽  
Vol 879 (1) ◽  
pp. 012030
Author(s):  
D Lavilla ◽  
N Navarra ◽  
N Palarca
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Ecological Management ◽  
Karst System ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Ecological Services ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Planning Approaches

Abstract Conventional planning approaches that prioritize built-up areas and rapid urbanization for economic growth and social security, instead of the environment and the ecological services they provide have consistently been problematic in maintaining sustainability. Because of this, there is a growing need to shift from the conventional to a greener approach. The research argues that an ecological management approach is a viable choice of approach in protecting the ecological integrity of the landscape, especially in biotopes where ecological services are sought-after, such as the karst system Susong Dalaga found in Cabarroguis, Quirino Province. This approach is done by identifying the different biotopes to find the existing relations, services, and underlying issues of the place. In assessing the items mentioned earlier, the research finds that the natural systems are slowly dwindling due to the expansion of agriculture and built-up areas. Each biotope is then assigned with an appropriate approach, and with the consultation of the stakeholders, policies are then strategized for specific functions. It is hoped that the study would help push the application and integration of ecological management approach, and green approaches and principles in general, to future urban planning projects in the Philippines.

Moving beyond a top-down fisheries management approach in the northwestern Mediterranean: Some lessons from the Philippines

Marine Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazel O. Arceo ◽  
Bertrand Cazalet ◽  
Porfirio M. Aliño ◽  
Luisa Mangialajo ◽  
Patrice Francour
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean

Rapid Urbanization and Implications for River Ecological Services Restoration: Case Study in Shenzhen, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjian Zhou ◽  
Peijun Shi ◽  
Jing’ai Wang ◽  
Deyong Yu ◽  
Lu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Ecological Services

Planning for Sustainable Urban Futures

2011 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Didem Dizdaroglu ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Les Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Ecological Planning ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Many

In recent years, cities have shown increasing signs of environmental problems due to the negative impacts of urban activities. The degradation and depletion of natural resources, climate change, and development pressure on green areas have become major concerns for cities. In response to these problems, urban planning policies have shifted to a sustainable focus and authorities have begun to develop new strategies for improving the quality of urban ecosystems. An extremely important function of an urban ecosystem is to provide healthy and sustainable environments for both natural systems and communities. Therefore, ecological planning is a functional requirement in the establishment of sustainable built environment. With ecological planning, human needs are supplied while natural resources are used in the most effective and sustainable manner and ecological balance is sustained. Protecting human and environmental health, having healthy ecosystems, reducing environmental pollution and providing green spaces are just a few of the many benefits of ecological planning. In this context, this chapter briefly presents a short overview of the importance of the implementation of ecological planning into sustainable urban development. Furthermore, it presents a conceptual framework for a new methodology for developing sustainable urban ecosystems through ecological planning approach.

scholarly journals Reclaiming On-Site Upgrading as a Viable Resilience Strategy-Viabilities and Scenarios through the Lens of Disaster-Prone Informal Settlements in Metro Manila

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10600
Author(s):  
Juan Du ◽  
Stefan Greiving
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
National Level ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
City Development ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Metro Manila

The Philippines is argued as the only Southeast Asian country where informal settlers’ communities have been self-organized and produced discernible impacts on the country’s urban policies. As one of the high risk countries, fifty percent of the country’s informal settlements are located in danger and disaster-prone areas. However, informal settlement upgrading has not reached its significance in disaster mitigation and community resilience building. At the national level, on-site upgrading is not established in disaster risk management or climate change adaptation strategies, which explains the lack of strategic approaches for local implementation. Metro Manila serves as a suitable backdrop in this sense to study informal settlement upgrading under the condition of high risk and rapid urbanization with a high civil society engagement. This study investigates the underlined reasons why upgrading strategically falls short in addressing disaster mitigation and community resilience building. Theoretically, it questions what on-site upgrading is about. Empirically, two hazard-prone informal settlement communities within Metro Manila are examined with their different risk profiles, community development needs and resilience priorities. The core issues of upgrading are, therefore, differentiated at the settlement level with communities’ innate socio-economic and eco-spatial features over time. Meanwhile, the paper heightens the necessity of tackling on-site upgrading at the settlement level and articulating settlements’ spatial correlations with the city development, so as to sustain upgrading outcomes. In addition, this study attempts at setting up a range of scenarios conditioned with COVID pandemic fallout. It endeavors to provide another facet of how to deal with adaptation and resilience. This includes the urgent strategy shift in the housing sector and its financial sustainability, innovative mechanisms to manage uncertainty and risks, lessons for post-COVID planning, etc.

scholarly journals Identifying Dynamic Changes in Ecosystem Services Supply and Demand for Urban Sustainability: Insights from a Rapidly Urbanizing City in Central China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengxin Ji ◽  
Yueqing Xu ◽  
Hejie Wei
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Central China ◽  
Ecological Management ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Urban Rural

Identifying the balance and dynamic changes in supply and demand of ecosystem services (ES) can help maintain the sustainability of the regional ecosystem and improve human well-being. To achieve a sustainable ecological management regime in Zhengzhou City, this study presented a comprehensive framework for identifying dynamic changes of ES supply and demand and managing ES. Using land use data of Zhengzhou City in 1995, 2005, and 2015 and incorporating expert knowledge and the ES evaluation matrix, we evaluated the spatiotemporal changes in the ES supply and demand in Zhengzhou. Gradient analysis was conducted to identify urban–rural patterns in the budgets of ES supply and demand. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was employed to identify the hotspot areas of ES surpluses or deficits. The research results show the following: (1) In the past 20 years, the supply-and-demand relationship of ES in Zhengzhou has gradually evolved in a direction where supply falls short of demand. The average budget index of Zhengzhou’s ES supply and demand decreased from 7.30 in 1995 to −4.89 in 2015. Changes in the supply and demand status of ES in Zhengzhou corresponded to the background of rapid urbanization. (2) Urban–rural gradient differences exist in the budgets of ES supply and demand in Zhengzhou. Core development areas, such as the Zhengzhou urban areas, are in deficit, whereas a balance or surplus can be observed in rural areas far from urban centers. (3) The surplus hotspots of ES budgets were mainly distributed in the western and southern mountainous areas of Zhengzhou, and they were scattered and the scope shrank, with a decrease of 2.73 times in 20 years, whereas the deficit hotspots expanded outward with each urban area as the center, with an increase of 5.77%. Ecological management zoning (ecological conservation area, ecological improvement area, and ecological reconstruction area) with the effective guidance of ecological and economic policies could comprehensively improve ES management and achieve urban sustainability. The framework in this study can easily and quickly assess the supply and demand status of ES and provide scientific support for the ecological management in rapidly urbanizing areas.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal Knowledge among the M’ranaos in Baloi, Lanao Del Norte, Philippines

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Nafisah M. Abdulrachman ◽  
Aisha M. Ali ◽  
Hanifa M. Maurac ◽  
Annabella G. Villarino
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Knowledge

Plants are utilized as traditional medicines since time immemorial. However, the dilemma of losing this knowledge is real because of poor documentation evidenced by the relatively few studies conducted coupled with rapid urbanization especially in the Philippines. It is imperative for ethnomedicinal knowledge especially of the M’ranao tribe in Baloi, Lanao del Norte to be conserved , hence this study. Ethnomedicinal data were collected from semi-structured interviews of 30 informants and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Moreover, transect walk was performed to locate the frequently used medicinal plants. This study documented seventy eight (78) species of medicinal plants belonging to 36 families used for the treatment of various ailments belonging to 14 out of 16 human disease categories. The most important medicinal plant with a Use Value (UV) of 0.43 is Mingeyak (Salvia plebeian). There were fifty five (55) floral species found to have 100% Fidelity Level (FL) value. An Informant Concensus Factor (ICF) of 1.00 for disease Category 2, Category 3, and Category 16 indicates that there was a high degree of agreement among informants on how to treat cancer, anemia, and intestinal toxicity respectively. Leaves (63%) were the most frequently used plant part and decoction (41%) was the most common way of preparation. Internal application (77%) was the most recurrent way of plant administration to the ailing body. Herbs (47%) as medicine were the most frequently used plant habit. Qualitative investigation resulted to the identification of M’ranao traditional beliefs and practices in utilizing medicinal plants which include the time of collection, the number of plant organ collected (e.g. pito-pito) and the ways of conserving herbal plants for continuing sustainability. This study further revealed that the M’ranao tribe of Baloi has a rich floral resources use as medicines which could be further investigated for pharmacological properties to improve health care for various illnesses.

scholarly journals Compact Cities Are Complex, Intense and Diverse but: Can We Design Such Emergent Urban Properties?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Kyung Lim ◽  
Jaan-Henrik Kain
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
Rule Based Approach ◽  
Multiple Actors ◽  
Planning Approaches

Compact cities are promoted by global and local policies in response to environmental, economic and social challenges. It is argued that increased density and diversity of urban functions and demographics are expected to deliver positive outcomes. ‘Emerged’ urban area which have developed incrementally seem to exhibit such dense and diverse characteristics, acquired through adaptation by multiple actors over time and space. Today, ‘design-based’ planning approaches aim to create the same characteristics here and now. An example of such is the City of Gothenburg, Sweden, which strives to involve multiple actors to ‘design’ urban density and mixed use, but with unsatisfactory outcomes. There is reason to investigate in what way current planning approaches need modification to better translate policy goals into reality. This paper studied which type of planning approach appears to best deliver the desired urban characteristics. Two cities are studied, Gothenburg and Tokyo. Today, these cities operate under different main planning paradigms. Tokyo applies a rule-based approach and Gothenburg a design-based approach. Five urban areas were studied in each city, representing outcomes of three strategic planning approaches that have been applied historically in both cities: 1) emergent compact urban form; 2) designed dispersed urban form; and 3) designed compact urban form. Planning outcomes in the form of density, building scales and diversity were analysed to understand if such properties of density and diversity are best achieved by a specific planning approach. The results show that different planning approaches deliver very different outcomes when it comes to these qualities. To better support ambitions for compact cities in Gothenburg, the prevailing mix of ‘planning by design’ and ‘planning by developmental control’ needs to be complemented by a third planning strategy of ‘planning by coding’ or ‘rule-based planning’. This is critical to capacitate urban planning to accommodate parameters, such as timing, density, building scale diversity, and decentralization of planning and design activities to multiple actors.

scholarly journals Ecological services of agroforestry systems in selected upland farming communities in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romnick Baliton ◽  
LEILA LANDICHO ◽  
Rowena Esperanza Cabahug ◽  
ROSELYN F. PAELMO ◽  
Kenneth Laruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Ecological Services ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract. Baliton RS, Landicho LD, Cabahug RED, Paelmo RF, Laruan KA, Rodriguez RS, Visco RG, Castillo AKA. 2020. Ecological services of agroforestry systems in selected upland farming communities in the Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 707-717. A study was conducted in three selected upland farming communities in Nueva Vizcaya, Benguet and Quezon, Philippines to assess the ecological services of agroforestry systems. Results showed that alley cropping was the dominant agroforestry system in Nueva Vizcaya, while vegetable-based and coffee-based multistorey systems were found prevailing in Benguet and Quezon provinces. Agrobiodiversity assessment revealed that the values of Shannon-Wiener diversity index of agroforestry systems in the three study sites were considered to be low to moderate, ranging from 2.21 to 2.71. This validates that the number of individuals per species in the agroforestry landscape was not evenly distributed. The means of biomass in the three study sites, ranging from 106.22-127 tons ha-1, were higher than that of agroforestry systems (102.80 tons ha-1) in the Philippines. The agroforestry systems in Nueva Vizcaya had the largest carbon stock of 57.15 ton C ha-1, followed by Quezon 52.96 ton C ha-1 and Benguet 47.80 ton C ha-1. These results are comparable to the overall mean of carbon stock of tree plantations (59.0 ton C ha-1) and higher than that of agroforestry systems in the Philippines, i.e., 45.4 ton C ha-1. Therefore, this article argues that the different agroforestry systems provide ecological services in the upland farming communities in the Philippines.

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