scholarly journals Understanding Aceh’s contemporary architecture: Neuheun Mandiri Housing, in the hills of Aceh Besar coastal village

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
C Nursaniah ◽  
I Machdar ◽  
Azmeri ◽  
A Munir
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Territorial Approach ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
Mass Pattern ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract This paper attempts to examine the uniqueness of architectural culture to show that through regionalism, Acehnese architecture can still be built by saving and adapting regional conceptions of culture and nature. In the design and construction of housing in Aceh today, the territorial approach is rarely considered due to the dominance of universal architectural trends that spread through globalization. The process of building the Neuheun Mandiri housing includes an astute attitude in dealing with the currents of modernity by reinterpreting the architecture of the past to be updated, and making modifications to suit the current environmental conditions. This paper aims to interpret the vernacular aspects of Aceh in the modernity of the housing development of Neuheun Mandiri in the hills of a coastal village, Aceh Besar, where the locality aspect is shown through the building mass pattern, traditional material approaches, and construction techniques.

Developments in sugarcane processing over the past 15 years

2019 ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
Peter W. Rein
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Technology Of Production ◽  
Sugarcane Processing

Developments in the technology of production of sugar from sugarcane tend to be incremental improvements in an effort to reduce costs and boost revenue. Nonetheless the developments are significant and contribute to sustainable sugarcane enterprises. Some technologies have adapted to changing environmental conditions, and more attention is being given to boosting revenue through associated activities, particularly in enhancing the potential for sugarcane operations to exploit the energy value of sugarcane. This paper outlines recent developments of interest in processing sugarcane.

Ruling out Change: Institutional Impediments to Transfer of Technology in Ship Building and Design in the Far East

Itinerario ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Bao Leshi
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Far East ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Ship Building ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Technological Tradition

In the Chinese technological tradition, no sector, apart from that of agriculture, is as rich in original ideas as naval architecture. Over the past three millennia, hundreds of different types of craft have been developed for use on China's shallow lakes, on its fast flowing rivers and along its often stormy coastal waters. Each type was developed for specific use as a means of transportation, and would seem to represent the ultimate answer to the challenges posed by local conditions. Ultimate answer, that is, within the limitations of the traditional building materials with which these boats were constructed and fitted out. Nor was ingenuity confined to construction techniques.

YÜKSEK YAPILARIN TASARIMLARININ VE YAPIM TEKNİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 289-304
Author(s):  
Ahmet Cihat ARI
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
New Construction ◽  
High Structure ◽  
The City ◽  
Design And Construction

With the increase of the population recently, changes have occurred in the design and construction techniques of the buildings due to the insufficient building stock. With the development of science and technology, new construction techniques have emerged in the construction and design of structures. In the global population increase, high-rise buildings were built to meet the need for shelter and these structures were built with the development of technology. However, high-rise buildings have become the symbol of technological development for countries and cities. Since the 21st century, the construction of high-rise buildings in cities with different designs and new construction techniques has provided the development of architecture and engineering. It is important to design high-rise buildings in accordance with the culture and texture of the city. In addition, high-rise buildings should be built as structures resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires and floods. For this reason, the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings have become a research subject in the field of architecture and engineering. The aim of this study is to examine the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings. In the first part of the study, the concept of high rise building and its historical development are discussed. In the second part of the study, the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings are investigated. In addition, the study was conducted to examine the high structure by giving examples from the world and Turkey. Within the scope of the study, literature researches such as domestic and international articles, books, published theses, web resources were conducted and data were collected. As a result of the examinations made within the scope of the study, it is important to select the building materials in accordance with the characteristics of the building materials in the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings with the development of technology. Therefore, the architect should know the properties of the materials in the design of high-rise buildings and use them in accordance with the properties of the material in the construction of the buildings. In addition, increasing the height of the building by making aerodynamic designs in high buildings reduces the effect of the wind speed.

scholarly journals a vital past

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
Elena Grigoryeva ◽  
Konstantin Lidin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New World ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Past ◽  
Special Meaning ◽  
Design And Construction

We lived and lived. But then, whoops!We found ourselves in other times…Timur Shaov. “Other times (listening to Galich once again)”Crises shaking our reality in the last decades happen so often that they overlap each other like roof tiles. Linear development of the second half of the twentieth century gave way to the era of cardinal changes. While building a new world, we strongly feel the need to preserve and comprehend the past. It is possible to understand the new only in comparison with the past. The disappearing world that consists of separate, isolated and selfcontained fragments is embodied in monuments of architecture. Images, techniques and practices of design and construction acquire a special meaning and new relevance in these new times. Wooden architecture of Siberia and stone merchant houses in Yalutorovsk, ancient churches and Leonidov’s avant-garde project, ruins of Stalin’s camps and the Korean Garden in Irkutsk are elements of the past that we need to understand the present. Protesting against the unification of tastes, breach of family relations and destruction of traditions, glocalization is on the rise.

Context in Decision Support Systems Development

2010 ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Gachet ◽  
Ralph Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
End User ◽  
The Past ◽  
Control Stage ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Support Methods ◽  
Design And Construction

Finding appropriate decision support systems (DSS) development processes and methodologies is a topic that has kept researchers in the decision support community busy for the past three decades at least. Inspired by Gibson and Nolan’s curve (Gibson & Nolan 1974; Nolan, 1979), it is fair to contend that the field of DSS development is reaching the end of its expansion (or contagion) stage, which is characterized by the proliferation of processes and methodologies in all areas of decision support. Studies on DSS development conducted during the last 15 years (e.g., Arinze, 1991; Saxena, 1992) have identified more than 30 different approaches to the design and construction of decision support methods and systems (Marakas, 2003). Interestingly enough, none of these approaches predominate and the various DSS development processes usually remain very distinct and project-specific. This situation can be interpreted as a sign that the field of DSS development should soon enter in its formalization (or control) stage. Therefore, we propose a unifying perspective of DSS development based on the notion of context. In this article, we argue that the context of the target DSS (whether organizational, technological, or developmental) is not properly considered in the literature on DSS development. Researchers propose processes (e.g., Courbon, Drageof, & Tomasi, 1979; Stabell 1983), methodologies (e.g., Blanning, 1979; Martin, 1982; Saxena, 1991; Sprague & Carlson, 1982), cycles (e.g., Keen & Scott Morton, 1978; Sage, 1991), guidelines (e.g., for end-user computer), and frameworks, but often fail to explicitly describe the context in which the solution can be applied.

scholarly journals Contemporary architecture of Cairo (1990–2020): mutational plurality of “ISMS”, decolonialism, and cosmopolitanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 121-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa M. El-Ashmouni ◽  
Ashraf M. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Cultural Encounters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
American University ◽  
Architectural Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
Egyptian Architecture

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an analytical account on the contemporary architecture of Cairo with emphasis on the past three decades, from the early 1990s to the present. The paper critically analyses narratives of the plurality of “isms”, within architectural vocabulary and discourse, that resulted from the contextual particularities that shaped it. Design/methodology/approach Three lines of inquiry are envisioned as overarching aspects of architecture: the chronological, the interventional and the representational. These discussions are underpinned by the discourse of decolonialisation and cosmopolitanism, posited sequentially by Frantz Fanon in The Wretched of the Earth (1961), and Ulrich Beck in The Cosmopolitan Vision (2004). The analysis expands to interrogate these two notions as prelude for reflecting on representations of selected projects: The Smart Village (2001); the Great Egyptian Museum (2002), Al-Azhar Park (2005), American University in Cairo New Campus (2008/2009), and the New Administrative Capital (2018). Findings The investigation on the interventional and the representational levels via aspects of discursivity and contradictions highlights that decolonisation and cosmopolitanism are two inseparable facets in the architectural practice in Egypt’s 21st century. These indivisible notions are based on idiosyncratic core to human experience, which emerged from concurrent overturning historical and secular everyday life striving to suppress ideological supremacy. Research limitations/implications Further detailed examples can be developed to offer discerning elucidations relevant to both notions of cosmopolitanism and decolonialisation. Originality/value The paper offers novel theoretical analysis of Cairo’s most recent architecture. The reflection on the notions of decolonialisation and cosmopolitanism is a timely example of the complex cultural encounters that have shaped the Egyptian architecture, given the recent interventions by the “Modern State” that legitimised such notions.

Antarctic meteorites

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Graham ◽  
John O. Annexstad
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Unknown Number ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lunar Material ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Extraterrestrial Material

Antarctica is currently the most productive region of the Earth for the recovery of meteorites and over 9800 specimens have been found there, most of these since 1969. This material consists of meteoritic fragments representing a much smaller, but unknown, number of distinct meteorites. The particular climatic and environmental conditions of Antarctica result in the recovery of a much larger fraction of the extraterrestrial material that falls to Earth than would be the case in other regions. Remarkable concentrations of meteorites are found in some ‘blue ice’ areas resulting from the movement and ablation of the ice. Most meteorites are believed to have been derived from asteroids less then 200 km in diameter. The discovery in Antarctica of meteorites of lunar material proved that other sources are possible. Indeed two meteorites from Antarctica may have come from the planet Mars. Antarctic meteorites have much older terrestrial ages than non-Antarctic specimens and may be used to obtain information on the movement of the ice sheets in the past.

Satisfying Piping Stress and Flexibility Requirements With the Implementation of Expansion Joints: Techno-Economical Optimization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misa Jocic
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Technical Specification ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pipe Routing ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Economical Optimization ◽  
Design And Construction

There have been various attempts to deal with the optimization of solutions which involve expansion joints in piping systems where sufficient flexibility can’t be found using suitable pipe routing. The difficulty of piping designs which involve expansion joints is that they rely upon two engineering expertises: Pipe Flexibility and Stress Analysis on one side and Expansion Joint Design and Construction on the other. Arguably distinctively different, they have been looked upon as totally detached engineering disciplines and it is rarely that companies have two of these experts residing under the same roof. Pipe Stress Engineers basically relied on support form Expansion Joint Experts on “as required basis” and called upon their knowledge only when needed. Thus, we have the situation where knowledge related to the design and construction of expansion joints sits with expansion joints manufacturing companies, which are totally separate and often remote entities in the piping design process. Even so, the ever present demand for techno-economical optimizations, points us to the following observations. The “Traditional method”, where Pipe Stress Engineer defines on his own the requirements for expansion joints and describes them in the technical specification for purchasing is, or should be, a theme of the past. This approach may be used only as a first attempt in search for the solution, but given that it never heads in the direction of achieving optimal techno-economical results, needs to be upgraded with additional steps.

scholarly journals Forest carbon allocation modelling under climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1937-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Merganičová ◽  
Ján Merganič ◽  
Aleksi Lehtonen ◽  
Giorgio Vacchiano ◽  
Maša Zorana Ostrogović Sever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Nonstructural Carbohydrates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Vegetation Models ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Carbon allocation plays a key role in ecosystem dynamics and plant adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Hence, proper description of this process in vegetation models is crucial for the simulations of the impact of climate change on carbon cycling in forests. Here we review how carbon allocation modelling is currently implemented in 31 contrasting models to identify the main gaps compared with our theoretical and empirical understanding of carbon allocation. A hybrid approach based on combining several principles and/or types of carbon allocation modelling prevailed in the examined models, while physiologically more sophisticated approaches were used less often than empirical ones. The analysis revealed that, although the number of carbon allocation studies over the past 10 years has substantially increased, some background processes are still insufficiently understood and some issues in models are frequently poorly represented, oversimplified or even omitted. Hence, current challenges for carbon allocation modelling in forest ecosystems are (i) to overcome remaining limits in process understanding, particularly regarding the impact of disturbances on carbon allocation, accumulation and utilization of nonstructural carbohydrates, and carbon use by symbionts, and (ii) to implement existing knowledge of carbon allocation into defence, regeneration and improved resource uptake in order to better account for changing environmental conditions.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURES OF DEMOCRACY: HOUSING MOVEMENTS AND PROGRESSIVE ARCHITECTS IN SÃO PAULO (1970-1990)

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (65) ◽  
pp. 369-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Henrique Bortoluci
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Political Education ◽  
The Political ◽  
Organizational Practices ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Urban Social Movements ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Character ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract From the late 1970s until the early 1990s, the issue of the right to housing in São Paulo’s peripheral neighborhoods was pursued side by side with a questioning of the political character of design and construction techniques and an attempt to reframe the construction site as a space of cooperation and political education. This article addresses how this articulation between architects and urban social movements led to an innovation of organizational practices within those movements, transformations in the field of architecture, and the local emergence of the idea of the “right to architecture.”

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