scholarly journals Enriching terpinen-4-ol from tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil using vacuum fractional distillation: Effect of column and packings on the separation

2021 ◽  
Vol 947 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
M T Le ◽  
N M Nguyen ◽  
X T Le
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fractional Distillation ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Four Levels

Abstract Two types of columns, three types of packings, and four levels of column height were considered to investigate how column and packings affected the separation in the vacuum fractional distillation process of raw tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil (TTO). This study discussed those effects on purity, yield, and overall discovery to select the most excellent operating conditions for enriching terpinen-4-ol. After the experiments, the essential oil was successfully separated into two fractions, in which the second one composed mostly the main TTO constituent, terpinen-4-ol. The best result was achieved by conducting the distillation on a 300-mm Hempel column filled with small Fenske helices (10 mm × 2 mm i.d.) at the system pressure of 60 mmHg. GC/MS analysis showed an almost 2.5-fold increase in the content of terpinen-4-ol, from 39.23% to 95.77% after fractionation. Meanwhile, there was 75% of terpinen-4-ol successfully recovered from its parental oil. Hence, the vacuum fraction distillation could be an effective method to enrich the terpinen-4-ol content in TTO.

scholarly journals Bioactivity and Chemical Composition of the Essential oil of Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia)

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1644-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seun-Ah Yang ◽  
Sang-Kyung Jeon ◽  
Eun-Jung Lee ◽  
Nam-Kyung Im ◽  
Ji-Young Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Tea Tree

Indian Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel) Essential Oil

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Verghese ◽  
C. V. Jacob ◽  
C. V. Kunjunni Kartha ◽  
Moya McCarron ◽  
Allan J. Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Indian Tea

Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) essential oil in ground beef

2019 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudileide de Sá Silva ◽  
Hamilton Mendes de Figueiredo ◽  
Tânia Lúcia Montenegro Stamford ◽  
Luiza Helena Meller da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Tea Tree

Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil: Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Distribution from Topical Formulations with a Solvent-Free Analytical Method

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (06) ◽  
pp. 442-450
Author(s):  
Francesca Capetti ◽  
Barbara Sgorbini ◽  
Cecilia Cagliero ◽  
Monica Argenziano ◽  
Roberta Cavalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Topical Formulations ◽  
Tea Tree

Abstract Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil (tea tree oil) is widely used as an ingredient in skin care products because of its recognized biological activities. The European Scientific Committee on Consumer Products constantly promotes research and collection of data on both skin distribution and systemic exposure to tea tree oil components after the application of topical formulations. This study quantitatively evaluates permeation, skin layer distribution (stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis), and release into the surrounding environment of bioactive tea tree oil markers (i.e., α-pinene, β-pinene, α-terpinene, 1,8-cineole, γ-terpinene, 4-terpineol, α-terpineol) when a 5% tea tree oil formulation is applied at a finite dosing regimen. Permeation kinetics were studied in vitro on pig ear skin using conventional static glass Franz diffusion cells and cells ad hoc modified to monitor the release of markers into the atmosphere. Formulation, receiving phases, and skin layers were analyzed using a fully automatic and solvent-free method based on headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This approach affords, for the first time, to quantify tea tree oil markers in the different skin layers while avoiding using solvents and overcoming the existing methods based on solvent extraction. The skin layers contained less than 1% of each tea tree oil marker in total. Only oxygenated terpenes significantly permeated across the skin, while hydrocarbons were only absorbed at trace level. Substantial amounts of markers were released into the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Effects of Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Essential Oil and the Major Monoterpene Component Terpinen-4-ol on the Development of Single- and Multistep Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Susceptibility

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 909-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Hammer ◽  
Christine F. Carson ◽  
Thomas V. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACTThis study examined the effect of subinhibitoryMelaleuca alternifolia(tea tree) essential oil on the development of antibiotic resistance inStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coli. Frequencies of single-step antibiotic-resistant mutants were determined by inoculating bacteria cultured with or without subinhibitory tea tree oil onto agar containing 2 to 8 times the MIC of each antibiotic and with or without tea tree oil. Whereas most differences in resistance frequencies were relatively minor, the combination of kanamycin and tea tree oil yielded approximately 10-fold fewer resistantE. colimutants than kanamycin alone. The development of multistep antibiotic resistance in the presence of tea tree oil or terpinen-4-ol was examined by culturingS. aureusandE. coliisolates daily with antibiotic alone, antibiotic with tea tree oil, and antibiotic with terpinen-4-ol for 6 days. Median MICs for each antibiotic alone increased 4- to 16-fold by day 6. Subinhibitory tea tree oil or terpinen-4-ol did not greatly alter results, with day 6 median MICs being either the same as or one concentration different from those for antibiotic alone. For tea tree oil and terpinen-4-ol alone, day 6 median MICs had increased 4-fold forS. aureus(n= 18) and 2-fold forE. coli(n= 18) from baseline values. Lastly, few significant changes in antimicrobial susceptibility were seen forS. aureusandS. epidermidisisolates that had been serially subcultured 14 to 22 times with subinhibitory terpinen-4-ol. Overall, these data indicate that tea tree oil and terpinen-4-ol have little impact on the development of antimicrobial resistance and susceptibility.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil (TTO) and Its Synergy with Itraconazole or Ketoconazole against Trichophyton rubrum

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Janira Roana ◽  
Narcisa Mandras ◽  
Daniela Scalas ◽  
Paolo Campagna ◽  
Vivian Tullio
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Cutaneous Infections ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives

Over the past 20–30 years, Trichophyton rubrum represented the most widespread dermatophyte with a prevalence accounting for 70% of dermatophytosis. The treatment for cutaneous infections caused by Trichophyton spp. are imidazoles (ketoconazole (KTZ)) and triazoles (itraconazole (ITZ)). T. rubrum can develop resistance to azoles after prolonged exposure to subinhibitory concentrations resulting in therapeutic failures and chronic infections. These problems have stimulated the search for therapeutic alternatives, including essential oils, and their potential use in combination with conventional antifungals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of tea tree oil (TTO) (Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil) and the main components against T. rubrum and to assess whether TTO in association with KTZ/ITZ as reference drugs improves the antifungal activity of these drugs. We used a terpinen-4-ol chemotype (35.88%) TTO, and its antifungal properties were evaluated by minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal concentrations in accordance with the CLSI guidelines. The interaction between TTO and azoles was evaluated through the checkerboard and isobologram methods. The results demonstrated both the fungicide activity of TTO on T. rubrum and the synergism when it was used in combination with azoles. Therefore, this mixture may reduce the minimum effective dose of azole required and minimize the side effects of the therapy. Synergy activity offered a promise for combination topical treatment for superficial mycoses.

scholarly journals The application of tea tree essential oil in dentistry

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
D. Markovic ◽  
B. Mirkovic ◽  
T. Jovanovic ◽  
A. Knezevic ◽  
T. Nastovski
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Prevotella Intermedia ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Plant Substances

Essential oils are widely used in medicine, dentistry and cosmetology as flavour and odour corrigents in various substances for oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to present comprehensively the possibilities for application of Melaleuca Alternifolia essential oil in dentistry based on the analysis of contemporary scientific and professional publications. The application of Tea tree essential oil in the treatment of periodontal, fungal and viral diseases is very efficient. The study of antimicrobial potential of ten different essential oils confirmed the efficiency of Tea tree oil against numerous Gram+ and Gram- bacteria. In vitro studies of bacteriostatic, bactericidal and fungicidal effect of Tea tree oil solution against ten different microorganisms confirmed sensitivity of the following microorganisms: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and slightly weaker effect against Streptococcus Mutans and Prevotella intermedia. Tea tree is very effective in the treatment of various diseases and is an introduction and momentum for the application of plant substances in the treatment of numerous diseases in dentistry. .

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