Dynamic models to analyse the influence of the seat belt in a frontal collision

Active control of vehicle restraint systems has been extensively investigated in past decades. Many promising results have shown that a seat-belt system can be controlled in real-time to minimize human driver/occupant's injuries by reducing the human chest acceleration after a frontal impact. This paper presents a new nonlinear model that groups the seat-belt restraint system and the human driver's nonlinear high-coupling dynamics together to form a cascaded system. By using a backstepping design procedure, a global control law is developed and aimed to actively and continuously adjust the seat-belt strain force so as to interact both the human's shoulder/chest and waist. Both the control theory development and 3D graphical simulation study show that the overall system stability is well achieved. Even if up to a freeway speed, such as at 65 mph, the accelerations of the three major human body joints: lumber, thorax, and neck after a frontal collision can still be reduced significantly.

Download Full-text

Investigation on Unconscious Driver's Posture Change and Body Injury Affected by Motorized Seat-Belt Pretensioner in Full-Frontal Collision with Automatic Emergency Braking

2020 12th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA) ◽

10.1109/icmtma50254.2020.00121 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Botao Hu ◽

Dong Cui ◽

Shuang Lu ◽

Zhinan Qi

Keyword(s):

Seat Belt ◽

Emergency Braking ◽

Posture Change ◽

Frontal Collision

Download Full-text

Study regarding the influence of airbag deployment time on the occupant injury level during a frontal vehicle collision

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201818401007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 184 ◽

pp. 01007

Author(s):

Alexandru Ionut Radu ◽

Corneliu Cofaru ◽

Bogdan Tolea ◽

Dragoş Dima

Keyword(s):

Seat Belt ◽

Steering Wheel ◽

Instrument Panel ◽

Crash Test ◽

Vehicle Collision ◽

Frontal Collision ◽

Head Injury Criteria ◽

Airbag Deployment ◽

Deployment Time ◽

Occupant Kinematics

The aim of this paper was to analyse the influence of airbag deployment delay upon the head of the occupant in the case of frontal collision using simulations in PC Crash and MADYMO dummy as the occupant. The study will also take into account the pretension delay of the seat-belt which is activated along with the airbag. Frontal airbags on both the passenger and the driver were analysed including the occupant kinematics during the collision. Also, to validate the simulation, a comparison was done with a real crash test. We predict that by increasing the delay of deployment, the head acceleration will increase due to the fact the head travels close to the instrument panel/steering wheel, and the force of the airbag will generate a significant acceleration upon the head. To better assess the potential injury of the occupant, the head injury criteria (HIC) will be calculated and correlated with the Abbreviated injury scale (AIS) code.

Download Full-text

The Effectiveness of Enhanced Seat Belt Reminder Systems: Observational Field Data Collection Methodology and Findings

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e733122011-001 ◽

2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mark Freedman ◽

Sharon Levi ◽

Paul Zador ◽

John Lopdell ◽

Ed Bergeron

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Field Data ◽

Seat Belt ◽

Reminder Systems ◽

Field Data Collection

Download Full-text

Monetary policy and the effect of the transfer of oil prices to inflation

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2020-8-41-50 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-50

Author(s):

Ph. S. Kartaev ◽

I. D. Medvedev

Keyword(s):

Monetary Policy ◽

Inflation Targeting ◽

Dynamic Models ◽

Oil Prices ◽

Oil Price ◽

Oil Price Shocks ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Price Shocks ◽

Policy Regime ◽

The Impact

The paper examines the impact of oil price shocks on inflation, as well as the impact of the choice of the monetary policy regime on the strength of this influence. We used dynamic models on panel data for the countries of the world for the period from 2000 to 2017. It is shown that mainly the impact of changes in oil prices on inflation is carried out through the channel of exchange rate. The paper demonstrates the influence of the transition to inflation targeting on the nature of the relationship between oil price shocks and inflation. This effect is asymmetrical: during periods of rising oil prices, inflation targeting reduces the effect of the transfer of oil prices, limiting negative effects of shock. During periods of decline in oil prices, this monetary policy regime, in contrast, contributes to a stronger transfer, helping to reduce inflation.

Download Full-text

A Study on the Seat Belt Design for Minimizing Rear Passenger’s Injury on Frontal Crash

International Conference Data Mining, Civil and Mechanical Engineering (ICDMCME’2014), Feb 4-5, 2014 Bali (Indonesia) ◽

10.15242/iie.e0214078 ◽

2014 ◽

Keyword(s):

Seat Belt ◽

Frontal Crash

Download Full-text

Methods of parallel computing for multilevel fuzzy Takagi – Sugeno systems

PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING ◽

10.15407/pp2016.02-03.141 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 141-149

Author(s):

S.V. Yershov ◽

◽

R.М. Ponomarenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Models ◽

Fuzzy Inference ◽

Knowledge Bases ◽

Comparative Characteristic ◽

Software Systems ◽

Scientific Papers ◽

Speed Up ◽

Diagnostic Software ◽

Takagi Sugeno

Parallel tiered and dynamic models of the fuzzy inference in expert-diagnostic software systems are considered, which knowledge bases are based on fuzzy rules. Tiered parallel and dynamic fuzzy inference procedures are developed that allow speed up of computations in the software system for evaluating the quality of scientific papers. Evaluations of the effectiveness of parallel tiered and dynamic schemes of computations are constructed with complex dependency graph between blocks of fuzzy Takagi – Sugeno rules. Comparative characteristic of the efficacy of parallel-stacked and dynamic models is carried out.

Download Full-text