Study on the Battery Safety in Frontal Collision of Electric Vehicle

With the rapid development of electric vehicle industry, more and more attention has been paid to the safety of the automotive battery. The safety of battery in electric vehicle’s frontal collision is the focus of this paper. In the process of simulated collision, the research object is simplified into a battery box. The mechanical properties of the battery monomers were investigated to summarize the mechanical properties of the internal failure of the monomers. Constructing the finite element model of the research object, we focus on the analysis of collision simulation results and propose the improvement measures. According to the test requirements in C-NCAP, the crash simulation of battery box is carried out by using the finite element software called LS-DYNA, which is used in automobile collision to analyze the deformation, stress of the battery box and the most dangerous battery monomer during the frontal collision. The simulation results show that the deformation of the case is obvious, and the protection of the battery is lost in the 50km/h frontal collision condition. By adding EVA foam, the maximum deformation of the battery monomer is reduced by 8.2%. By improving the material of battery case, the maximum deformation is reduced by 12.65%.

The spectrum of body injuries of the driver and passenger in the case of a lethal traffic injury in a frontal collision in the interior of class E cars

The article discusses the state of examination of a lethal automobile injury to a driver and a passenger in a frontal collision in the passenger compartment of class E cars. Aim of the work. Investigate the injuries of the driver and passenger in the passenger compartment of an E class car and highlight the signs of being in the passenger compartment in the driver’s or passenger’s seat for practical use in forensic medical research. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 179 «Acts of forensic medical examination of corpses» and «Conclusions of an expert» on road accidents accompanied by injury and death of people obtained from the archives of the Zhytomyr Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, accompanied by the death of persons inside car. The damage to the driver and passenger in a frontal collision in the passenger compartment of class E cars was carefully considered. A set of proven reliable methods was used in the work: anthropometric, morphometric, photographic, forensic, statistical analysis. Results. As a result of the registration of damages, the features inherent in damages received in the passenger compartment of an E-class car in a frontal collision were revealed. In particular: injuries to the soft tissues of the left leg prevailed among the front seat passengers, and not among the drivers, as is commonly believed; fractures of the bones of the lower extremities were found only in drivers; fractures of the bones of the right upper limb were observed only in front seat passengers; damage to the soft tissues of the left hand was characteristic only of drivers; the drivers had pelvic fractures on the right and left; the drivers had rib fractures on the left in combination with ruptures of the lungs on the side of the injury; the passengers had injuries to the ribs on the right, but no right-sided ruptures of the lungs were recorded. Conclusions. It has been established that the spectrum of damage to a driver and a passenger in a fatal car injury in a frontal collision in the passenger compartment of class E cars is characterized by a sufficient variety. Fractures of the right and left lower extremities and fractures of the thoracic spine are among the features that distinguished the driver from the passenger in a frontal collision in the passenger compartment of class E cars.

Analysis of features of frontal collision of class D cars

Currently, there is a significant increase in road accidents, which can be associated with an increase in the number of cars, the condition of roads in the country and compliance with road discipline by road users. Modern automotive industry pays great attention to road safety. This is ensured by changes in the design of car interiors, which significantly affects the nature of injuries to victims of road accidents. That is why the solution of this issue has become extremely relevant for forensic expert practice. Aim of the work. To establish the characteristic injuries of the driver and passenger in the cabin of class D cars in a frontal collision. Material and methods. The analysis of road accidents from 2008 to 2021 in Zhytomyr, Rivne, Volyn regions of Ukraine is carried out. Cases of a fatal head-on collision with a driver and passenger in the front seat of a car with an engine capacity of 2-2.5 liters up to 4.7 meters long and 1.81 meters wide were considered. General and special methods used: system-structural analysis, observation, comparison, description. In addition, a forensic examination of the damage was conducted. Statistical analysis included primary data processing by descriptive statistics methods and null hypothesis testing by multifactor analysis. Results. A number of new features have been identified, which are inherent in the damage received in the cabin of a class D car, which can help to identify during the forensic examination. In particular, you should pay attention to the presence of neck injuries. According to the literature, injuries of the cervical spine are among the key and include: rupture of the atlanto-occipital ligament, dislocation and subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint, damage to the spinal cord and its membranes. Conclusions: The location and morphological features of spinal injuries can be used as diagnostic criteria in determining the location of the victim in the cabin of a mobile car class D in a frontal collision. The most informative is the analysis of injuries of the cervical spine of the driver and front passenger.

A Study for Locations of Accident Prone on Some Provincial Roads in Province of Kalimantan Barat

Nowadays more than one million people become victim in an accident on the roads. Some efforts have already been done to reduce globally the number accident. This paper is to show the condition of some provincial roads as location study in province of Kalimantan Barat regarding with description, characteristic, and the causes of accident. The results indicate that the human error take part dominantly around of 65% accident number, meanwhile vehicle condition and road environment contribute less than 5 %. The provincial road is dominated by the two-lane two-way facility. The finding shows the frontal collision type around of 42 % on the accident number. Number of motor cycle dominate the type of vehicle on the road. It coincides with percentage of motor cycle significant involved at an accident around of 71%. The frontal collision at location of study is more than twice compared to national data. Ratio number of accidents to length of road is located on the road segment from Ketapang to Pesaguan around of 0.884 each kilometer

Collaborative optimization design of lightweight and crashworthiness of the front-end structures of automobile body using HW–GRA for Pareto mining

To collaboratively improve the lightweight and frontal collision safety performance of the automobile body, the material–structure–performance integrated multi-objective optimization design of the front-end structure was implemented in this study. The hybrid weight–grey relational analysis (HW–GRA) method was proposed to address the problem that the Pareto optimal compromise solution of multi-objective optimization cannot be easily selected. The design variables of the material and structural parameters were recorded through material type coding and model parameterization. To satisfy the basic static–dynamic performance constraints of the body, the RSM–Kriging surrogate model, design of experiments, and multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm were used to optimize the material and structural parameters to improve the lightweight and crashworthiness of the body. The Pareto optimal compromise solution was determined using the HW–GRA method. The decision result of the proposed method was more robust and rational than those of single weighting techniques combined with GRA and hybrid weighting approach combined with TOPSIS. After the multi-objective optimization and decision-making, the basic static–dynamic performance of the body demonstrated a change of less than 2.0%, which satisfied the constraint requirements. The mass of the body was reduced by 2.4 kg, and the frontal collision safety performance of the body was significantly improved.

Design and dynamics simulation of vehicle active occupant restraint protection system

A restraint protection system for front row occupant is designed according to the collision danger level. An algorithm based on driver response time margin is designed to determine the danger level of collision. The algorithm gives different possibility of collision, corresponding to different danger level, and corresponding starting different constraint protection device. The simulation model of automobile frontal collision was established in the dynamic simulation software MADYMO and verified by experiment. Compared with the traditional occupant restraint protection system, the simulation results show that the proposed active restraint protection system improves the protection effect of the occupant’s head and hip, while the damage evaluation indexes such as peak neck bending moment, chest acceleration and chest compression decrease obviously. Therefore, the designed active occupant restraint protection system can effectively reduce the degree of occupant injury.