Comparative Study of three non-destructive techniques for metal loss inspection in pipe walls

In-Line Inspection (ILI) is used to prioritize metal loss conditions based on predicted failure pressure in accordance with methods prescribed in industry standards such as ASME B31G-2009. Corrosion may occur in multiple areas of metal loss that interact and may result in a lower failure pressure than if flaws were analyzed separately. The B31G standard recommends a flaw interaction criterion for ILI metal loss predictions within a longitudinal and circumferential spacing of 3 times wall thickness, but cautions that methods employed for clustering of ILI anomalies should be validated with results from direct measurements in the ditch. Recent advances in non-destructive examination (NDE) and data correlation software have enabled reliable comparisons of ILI burst pressure predictions with the results from in-ditch examination. Data correlation using pattern matching algorithms allows the consideration of detection and reporting thresholds for both ILI and field measurements, and determination of error in the calculated failure pressure prediction attributable to the flaw interaction criterion. This paper presents a case study of magnetic flux leakage ILI failure pressure predictions compared with field results obtained during excavations. The effect of interaction criterion on calculated failure pressure and the probability of an ILI measurement underestimating failure pressure have been studied. We concluded a reason failure pressure specifications do not exist for ILI measurements is because of the variety of possible interaction criteria and data thresholds that can be employed, and demonstrate herein a method for their validation.

Download Full-text

First-time observation of Mastro Giorgio masterpieces by means of non-destructive techniques

Applied Physics A ◽

10.1007/s00339-006-3549-5 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 475-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

G. Padeletti ◽

G.M. Ingo ◽

A. Bouquillon ◽

S. Pages-Camagna ◽

M. Aucouturier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Observation ◽

First Time ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Non Destructive Techniques

Download Full-text

Pipeline In-Line Inspection Method, Instrumentation and Data Management

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21113862 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 3862

Author(s):

Qiuping Ma ◽

Guiyun Tian ◽

Yanli Zeng ◽

Rui Li ◽

Huadong Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Management ◽

Petroleum Products ◽

Metal Loss ◽

Non Destructive Testing ◽

Destructive Testing ◽

Inspection Method ◽

Safety Issues ◽

Pipeline Inspection ◽

Inspection Systems ◽

Non Destructive

Pipelines play an important role in the national/international transportation of natural gas, petroleum products, and other energy resources. Pipelines are set up in different environments and consequently suffer various damage challenges, such as environmental electrochemical reaction, welding defects, and external force damage, etc. Defects like metal loss, pitting, and cracks destroy the pipeline’s integrity and cause serious safety issues. This should be prevented before it occurs to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline. In recent years, different non-destructive testing (NDT) methods have been developed for in-line pipeline inspection. These are magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing, ultrasonic testing (UT), electromagnetic acoustic technology (EMAT), eddy current testing (EC). Single modality or different kinds of integrated NDT system named Pipeline Inspection Gauge (PIG) or un-piggable robotic inspection systems have been developed. Moreover, data management in conjunction with historic data for condition-based pipeline maintenance becomes important as well. In this study, various inspection methods in association with non-destructive testing are investigated. The state of the art of PIGs, un-piggable robots, as well as instrumental applications, are systematically compared. Furthermore, data models and management are utilized for defect quantification, classification, failure prediction and maintenance. Finally, the challenges, problems, and development trends of pipeline inspection as well as data management are derived and discussed.

Download Full-text

Investigation of new volumetric non-destructive techniques to characterise additive manufacturing parts

Welding in the World ◽

10.1007/s40194-018-0593-7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 1049-1057 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A-F. Obaton ◽

M-Q. Lê ◽

V. Prezza ◽

D. Marlot ◽

P. Delvart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Non Destructive Techniques

Download Full-text

Experiences in Examining and Dispositioning Flaws in Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Retaining CANDU Reactor Components

Service Experience and Failure Assessment Applications ◽

10.1115/pvp2002-1187 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Celovsky ◽

John Slade

Keyword(s):

Service Life ◽

Reactor Core ◽

Pressure Tube ◽

Candu Reactors ◽

Periodic Inspection ◽

Pressure Tubes ◽

Surveillance Programs ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Limited Service ◽

Non Destructive Techniques

CANDU reactors use Zr-2.5 Nb alloy pressure tubes, as the primary pressure boundary within the reactor core. These components are subject to periodic inspection and material surveillance programs. Occasionally, the inspection program uncovers a flaw, whereupon the flaw is assessed as to whether it compromises the integrity of the pressure-retaining component. In 1998, such a flaw was observed in one pressure tube of a reactor. Non-destructive techniques and analysis were used to form a basis to disposition the flaw, and the component was fit for a limited service life. This component was eventually removed from service, whereupon the destructive examinations were used to validate the disposition assumptions used. Such a process of validation provides credibility to the disposition process. This paper reviews the original flaw and its subsequent destructive evaluation.

Download Full-text