scholarly journals Microwave assisted dilute organic acid pre-treatment of oil palm empty fruit bunch to improve enzyme accessibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 935 ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
N N Solihat ◽  
E Hermiati ◽  
D T N Adi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Pre Treatment

scholarly journals Peningkatan Produksi Gula Pereduksi dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Praperlakuan Asam Organik pada Reaktor Bertekanan

REAKTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Fahriya Puspita Sari ◽  
Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat ◽  
Sita Heris Anita ◽  
Fitria Fitria ◽  
Euis Hermiati
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Severity Factor

ENHANCEMENT OF REDUCING SUGAR PRODUCTION FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH BY PRETREATMENT USING ORGANIC ACID IN PRESSURIZED REACTOR. Organic acids are potential to create more environmentally friendly process in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of organic acid pretreatment in reducing sugar production in a pressurized reactor with various resident times and temperatures on enzymatic hydrolysis of OPEFB. Two different organic acids (maleic acid and oxalic acid) were used in the pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) using a pressurized reactor. Factorial design using three different temperatures (170, 180, and 190°C) and four resident times (15, 30, 45, and 60 min) were employed, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. Each condition conducted two repetitions. Analysis was conducted on the reducing sugar that was produced after saccharification by means of the severity factor of each pretreatment condition. Maleic acid showed higher reducing sugar yield with lower severity factor than oxalic acid with the same operating conditions. The highest yield of reducing sugars (80.84%) was obtained using maleic acid at 170 for 60 minutes with severity factor of 1.836. Keywords: bioethanol; organic acid pretreatment; pressurized reactor; severity factor; oil palm empty fruit bunches;   Abstrak Asam organik berpotensi dalam membantu proses praperlakuan dari biomassa lignoselulosa untuk memproduksi bioetanol yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh asam organik, suhu dan waktu operasi terhadap produksi gula pereduksi dengan reaktor bertekanan pada tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Dua asam organik yang berbeda yaitu asam oksalat dan asam maleat digunakan untuk proses praperlakuan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dengan bantuan reaktor bertekanan. Dalam proses praperlakuan digunakan tiga suhu yang berbeda yaitu suhu 170, 180, dan 190°C dan empat waktu operasi 15, 30, 45, dan 60 min yang dilanjutkan dengan proses hidrolisis enzimatis. Setiap kondisi dilakukan dua kali pengulangan. Analisa yang digunakan adalah analisa uji gula pereduksi dan severity factor pada kondisi tiap praperlakuan. Asam maleat menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dengan severity factor yang lebih rendah dibandingkan menggunakan asam oksalat dengan kondisi operasi yang sama. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa praperlakuan tandan kosong kelapa sawit dengan bantuan reaktor bertekanan memiliki rendemen gula pereduksi optimum sebesar 80,84% dengan menggunakan asam maleat pada suhu 170°C selama 60 menit dengan severity factor sebesar 1,836. Kata kunci: bioetanol; praperlakuan asam organik; reaktor bertekanan; severity factor; tandan kosong kelapa sawit.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal pre-treatment of oil palm empty fruit bunch into fermentable sugars

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 012042 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D Muhd Ali ◽  
P Tamunaidu ◽  
A K H Nor Aslan ◽  
N A Morad ◽  
N Sugiura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Pre Treatment

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Cellulose Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 945 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
Yi Hang Wong ◽  
Eamon Marcus T-Z Chew ◽  
Pey Yi Toh ◽  
Lee Muei Chng
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Cellulose Production ◽  
Alkali Extraction ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) with a cellulose content of 39 wt% is a good promise to be an alternative lignocellulosic feedstock for cellulose production through environmentally friendly extraction process. Therefore, this research was aimed to establish an effective cellulose extraction scheme from OPEFB via introduction of ultrasonication in the alkaline pulping stage for process intensification. The process could greatly reduce alkali solvent usage for cellulose extraction, hence alleviating the environmental impact caused by chemical disposal. Firstly, four distinct pre-treatment techniques had been used to pre-treat the OPEFB powder, namely autoclave, organosolv, acid and microwave pre-treatments. Afterwards, the pre-treated samples further underwent ultrasonic-assisted alkali extraction to extract the cellulose content. It was observed that the autoclave pre-treated ultrasonic extract achieved the highest cellulose content of 77.14 wt% at optimum KOH concentration of 0.75 M, ultrasonic amplitude of 30%, duration of 30 min and temperature of 80 °C. Therefore, the introduction of ultrasonication in alkali extraction of cellulose was indeed an effective approach in establishing a green production scheme of cellulose from lignocellulose.

scholarly journals Adsorptive characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch-based activated carbons for dye removal

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini ◽  
Abdul Haris Ali
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Microwave Dielectric Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Microwave Dielectric

The present study was aimed to evaluate the adsorptive characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of activated carbons derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) prepared by microwave-assisted potassium hydroxide activation at 300 W and 800 W for 5 min. The resultant products were characterized for dielectric properties, BET specific surface area, surface functional groups and methylene blue adsorption. Results show that the microwave-assisted activation yields activated carbons with surface area of 695 m2/g and 1339 m2/g for heating rates (microwave irradiation power) of 300 W and 800 W, respectively and both exhibit more than 95% removal of methylene blue at concentrations higher than 100 mg/L. The dielectric properties revealed a better propensity of activated carbons towards microwave heating especially at a higher heating rate due to high surface area, and possibly high moisture content and carbon content. A greater heating rate or microwave power could turn EFB into activated carbon with a higher surface area and excellent adsorptive properties for pollution abatement.

scholarly journals Degradation of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) in Super-Critical Organic Solvents Affecting the Chemicals Distribution of Bio-Oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Rakhman Sarwono ◽  
Saepulloh Saepulloh ◽  
Brayen Brayen ◽  
Andreas Andreas ◽  
Yeyen Maryani
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Solid Liquid

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) in different organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetone, toluene and hexane) to produce bio-oil were comparatively investigated. Experiments were carried out in an autoclave at different temperature of 300, 350 and 400 oC with a fixed solid/liquid ratio of 4 gram in 50 mL solvent, without catalysts and reaction time of 5 hours. The liquid products were analyzed using GCMS to determine the chemical composition. Result showed that the chemical compositions were greatly affected by the solvent types. Each solvent has a major component in bio-oil products. The major compounds resulted from methanol and ethanol solvent were ketones/others. The major compounds resulted from toluene and hexane solvents were organic acid, which favoured high temperature. Meanwhile, esters and organic acid were the major products from acetone solvents. Temperature operation resulted more variations in the chemical composition and the percentages of the bio-oil.

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