Glucose Effectiveness Decreases in Relationship to a Subtle Worsening of Metabolic Parameters in Young Japanese with Normal Glucose Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norimitsu Murai ◽  
Naoko Saito ◽  
Eriko Kodama ◽  
Tatsuya Iida ◽  
Kentaro Mikura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Glucose Effectiveness ◽  
Normal Glucose

scholarly journals A STUDY OF METABOLIC PARAMETERS IN NON DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE - IMPORTANCE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam RAY ◽  
Trilochan AGARWALA
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Metabolic risk factors of non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in non diabetic teetotallers who constitute a definite group are not well defined. OBJECTIVE: To identify the metabolic risk factors of NAFLD if any in non diabetic subjects who do not consume alcohol. METHODS: In a cross sectional study the effect of metabolic parameters (BMI, individual lipid levels, hemoglobinA1c (HbA1c), HOMA IR and the metabolic syndrome components) of 150 consecutive non diabetic teetotallers (90 with normal glucose tolerance and 60 prediabetics) on their NFS (quantifiable severity parameter of NAFLD) was studied by linear regression analysis. Similar study was done in the normal glucose tolerance and prediabetes groups separately. These parameters were then compared with those of 75 matched diabetic teetotallers with NAFLD. To analyse further the difference between normal glucose tolerance, prediabetic and overt diabetic groups, binary logistic regression of the factors was carried out taking prediabetes and diabetes as outcome variable. RESULTS: All the metabolic parameters were significantly higher in diabetics compared to non diabetics and in prediabetics compared to those with normal glucose tolerance except high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and BMI significantly predicted NFS in the overall (adjusted R2 68.7%, P=0.000) and normal glucose tolerance groups (adjusted R2 73.2%, P=0.000) whereas BMI, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and HbA1c did in prediabetics (adjusted R2 89%, P=0.000). The metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with NFS in the overall and prediabetic groups. High triglyceride (odds ratio1.08), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (odds ratio1.03) and HbA1c (odds ratio 11.54) were positively associated with prediabetes compared to normal glucose tolerance group. CONCLUSION: In nondiabetic teetotallers dyslipidemias are the prime contributors to the development of NAFLD.

STUDIES IN CONGENITAL GENERALIZED LIPODYSTROPHY (SEIP-BERARDINELLI SYNDROME)

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Oseid
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Juvenile Form ◽  
Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
The One ◽  
Adipose Organ

ABSTRACT Six cases of congenital generalized lipodystrophy have been studied at different ages from infancy to adolescence with regard to glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity. During the first few years of life there is normal glucose tolerance. The fasting immuno-reactive insulin (IRI) levels are either slightly elevated or normal. The IRI response to glucose is exaggerated and prolonged, at least from the third year of life. Some degree of insulin resistance is already present in infancy. From the age of 8–10 years glucose tolerance decreases rapidly. The fasting IRI levels are usually grossly elevated, while fasting plasma glucose levels are only moderately elevated or normal. The IRI responses to oral and iv administered glucose, and to tolbutamide are exaggerated; the insulinogenic indices are high. Cortisone primed glucose tolerance tests become abnormal. Insulin resistance is marked, and increases with age. After cessation of growth at approximately 12 years of age, frank diabetes with fasting hyperglycaemia and diabetic glucose tolerance curves developed in the one patient followed beyond this age. Her fasting IRI was increased, but there was a poor IRI response to glucose stimulation, suggesting a partial exhaustion of the β-cells. Her initial IRI response to tolbutamide was still good, but not as brisk as in the younger patients. This type of diabetes is quite different from the juvenile form, and also from the diabetes of older age. It may be causally related to the lack of an adequate adipose organ necessary for the disposal of excesses of glucose, or possibly related to another anti-insulin mechanism.

Effect of High ß-Glucan Barley on Postprandial Plasma Glucose Levels in Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 772-P
Author(s):  
MARIKO HIGA ◽  
AYANA HASHIMOTO ◽  
MOE HAYASAKA ◽  
MAI HIJIKATA ◽  
AYAMI UEDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Postprandial Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Glucose

Liraglutide Therapy in a Prediabetic State: Rethinking the Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 699-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios S. Papaetis
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Prediabetic State ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Normal Glucose

Background: Prediabetes is defined as a state of glucose metabolism between normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Continuous β-cell failure and death are the reasons for the evolution from normal glucose tolerance to prediabetes and finally type 2 diabetes. Introduction: The necessity of new therapeutic approaches in order to prevent or delay the development of type 2 diabetes is obligatory. Liraglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist, has 97% homology for native GLP-1. Identification of the trophic and antiapoptotic properties of liraglutide in preclinical studies, together with evidence of sustained β-cell function longevity during its administration in type 2 diabetes individuals, indicated its earliest possible administration during this disease, or even before its development, so as to postpone or delay its onset. Methods: Pubmed and Google databases have been thoroughly searched and relevant studies were selected. Results: This paper explores the current evidence of liraglutide administration both in humans and animal models with prediabetes. Also, it investigates the safety profile of liraglutide treatment and its future role to postpone or delay the evolution of type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Liralgutide remains a valuable tool in our therapeutic armamentarium for individuals who are overweight or obese and have prediabetes. Future well designed studies will give valuable information that will help clinicians to stratify individuals who will derive the most benefit from this agent, achieving targeted therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Mediterranean Diet and Healthy Eating in Subjects with Prediabetes from the Mollerussa Prospective Observational Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Mireia Falguera ◽  
Esmeralda Castelblanco ◽  
Marina Idalia Rojo-López ◽  
Maria Belén Vilanova ◽  
Jordi Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Multivariable Analyses

We aimed to assess differences in dietary patterns (i.e., Mediterranean diet and healthy eating indexes) between participants with prediabetes and those with normal glucose tolerance. Secondarily, we analyzed factors related to prediabetes and dietary patterns. This was a cross-sectional study design. From a sample of 594 participants recruited in the Mollerussa study cohort, a total of 535 participants (216 with prediabetes and 319 with normal glucose tolerance) were included. The alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMED) and the alternate Healthy Eating Index (aHEI) were calculated. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed. There was no difference in the mean aMED and aHEI scores between groups (3.2 (1.8) in the normoglycemic group and 3.4 (1.8) in the prediabetes group, p = 0.164 for the aMED and 38.6 (7.3) in the normoglycemic group and 38.7 (6.7) in the prediabetes group, p = 0.877 for the aHEI, respectively). Nevertheless, women had a higher mean of aMED and aHEI scores in the prediabetes group (3.7 (1.9), p = 0.001 and 40.5 (6.9), p < 0.001, respectively); moreover, they had a higher mean of aHEI in the group with normoglycemia (39.8 (6.6); p = 0.001). No differences were observed in daily food intake between both study groups; consistent with this finding, we did not find major differences in nutrient intake between groups. In the multivariable analyses, the aMED and aHEI were not associated with prediabetes (odds ratio (OR): 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75–1.87; p = 0.460 and OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.83–2.10; p = 0.246, respectively); however, age (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05; p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.27–3.22; p = 0.003) and body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05–1.14; p < 0.001) were positively associated with prediabetes. Physical activity was associated with a lower frequency of prediabetes (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.31–0.72; p = 0.001). In conclusion, subjects with prediabetes did not show a different dietary pattern compared with a normal glucose tolerance group. However, further research is needed on this issue.

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