Preliminary Selection and Analysis of Deltamethrin-Resistant Strains of Aedes albopictus in the Laboratory

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 715-722
Author(s):  
Xueli Zheng ◽  
Wei Cai ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Zhirong Jia ◽  
Yong Wei
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianfen Huang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Xinghua Su ◽  
Ruili Xie ◽  
Lilan Peng ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Fast emerging and increasing insecticide resistance in Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus brings alarm to the dengue epidemic over the world. The genetic and transcriptional sequencing has greatly advanced our understanding of the molecular basis for this crucial adaptation, but less is known about the regulation of insecticide resistance physiology at the metabolomic level. Methods: We captured the relative abundance of 17 amino acids and 34 AcylCNs in the 3rd to 4th instar larvae of three geographically close strains of Ae. albopictus, including a laboratory insecticide susceptible strain (Foshan) and two field deltamethrin-resistant strains (Yuexiu/Baiyun), as well as a laboratory induced deltamethrin-resistant (R18) and its parental insecticide susceptible strains (R0) to characterize their amino acids and acylcarnitines (AcylCNs) profiles by LC-MS/MS spectrometry. Results: Heatmap and PCA analysis of amino acids and AcylCNs profile indicated a clear separation of Foshan from Yuexiu/Baiyun populations, as well as a partly overlapping between Yuexiu and Baiyun populations. All strains were abundant in five amino acids (Pro, Val, Arg, Glu, His) and two AcylCNs (C0, C2). Five amino acids (Tyr, Cit, Pro, Thr, Gly) were significantly higher, while four amino acids (His, Val, Glu, Ala) were obviously lower in Yuexiu strain than Baiyun population. R18 displayed a differential amino acid and AcylCNs profile from its parental R0 strain. Conclusion: This study displayed a distinction of amino acids and AcylCNs profiles between insecticide-resistant and geographically or genetically-close insecticide-susceptible strain of Ae. albopictus, suggesting a possible application of amino acids and AcylCNs profiles for rapid diagnosis of deltamethrin resistance in Ae. albopictus in the future.


2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (04) ◽  
pp. 299-374
Author(s):  
R Oehme ◽  
N Becker ◽  
A Jöst
Keyword(s):  

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
S. Sunil Kumar ◽  
D.A. Evans ◽  
K. Muthulakshmi ◽  
T. DilipKumar ◽  
R. Heera Pillai ◽  
...  

Mosquito index study of three ecologically different ecozones of the Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala showed sharp difference on the proportionate distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Human dengue viremia (HDV) was very high in those ecozones where A.aegypti density was high and HDV was low where A.albopictus was high. In a coastal zone of Thiruvananthapuram city, A. aegypti was the most abundant vector and in a hilly, arid suburban zone, A.albopictus was the abundant vector. In the urban zone both species of mosquitoes showed equal distribution. Study on the circulating serotypes in the serum of HDV by Single step single tube Multiplex PCR showed all the four serotypes viz DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 in patients of Thiruvananthapuram city, which indicated the possibility of Dengue Shock Syndrome, unless there is efficient vector management. Among the four dengue serotypes, Type 1 was the most abundant virus. Abundance of microhabitats in Thiruvananthapuram city, which support A. aegypti may be the reason for high prevalence of dengue fever in the urban zone.


2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1se) ◽  
Author(s):  
Truong Quoc Phong ◽  
Do Thi Thu Ha ◽  
Uwe Volker ◽  
Elke Hammer

Author(s):  
О.В. Шамова ◽  
М.С. Жаркова ◽  
П.М. Копейкин ◽  
Д.С. Орлов ◽  
Е.А. Корнева

Антимикробные пептиды (АМП) системы врожденного иммунитета - соединения, играющие важную роль в патогенезе инфекционных заболеваний, так как обладают свойством инактивировать широкий спектр патогенных бактерий, обеспечивая противомикробную защиту живых организмов. В настоящее время АМП рассматриваются как потенциальные соединения-корректоры инфекционной патологии, вызываемой антибиотикорезистентными бактериями (АБР). Цель данной работы состояла в изученим механизмов антибактериального действия трех пептидов, принадлежащих к семейству бактенецинов - ChBac3.4, ChBac5 и mini-ChBac7.5Nb. Эти химически синтезированные пептиды являются аналогами природных пролин-богатых АМП, обнаруженных в лейкоцитах домашней козы Capra hircus и проявляющих высокую антимикробную активность, в том числе и в отношении грамотрицательных АБР. Методы. Минимальные ингибирующие и минимальные бактерицидные концентрации пептидов (МИК и МБК) определяли методом серийных разведений в жидкой питательной среде с последующим высевом на плотную питательную среду. Эффекты пептидов на проницаемость цитоплазматической мембраны бактерий для хромогенного маркера исследовали с использованием генетически модифицированного штамма Escherichia coli ML35p. Действие бактенецинов на метаболическую активность бактерий изучали с применением маркера резазурина. Результаты. Показано, что все исследованные пептиды проявляют высокую антимикробную активность в отношении Escherichia coli ML35p и антибиотикоустойчивых штаммов Escherichia coli ESBL и Acinetobacter baumannii in vitro, но их действие на бактериальные клетки разное. Использован комплекс методик, позволяющих наблюдать в режиме реального времени динамику действия бактенецинов в различных концентрациях (включая их МИК и МБК) на барьерную функцию цитоплазматической мембраны и на интенсивность метаболизма бактериальных клеток, что дало возможность выявить различия в характере воздействия бактенецинов, отличающихся по структуре молекулы, на исследуемые микроорганизмы. Установлено, что действие каждого из трех исследованных бактенецинов в бактерицидных концентрациях отличается по эффективности нарушения целостности бактериальных мембран и в скорости подавления метаболизма клеток. Заключение. Полученная информация дополнит существующие фундаментальные представления о механизмах действия пролин-богатых пептидов врожденного иммунитета, а также послужит основой для биотехнологических исследований, направленных на разработку на базе этих соединений новых антибиотических препаратов для коррекции инфекционных заболеваний, вызываемых АБР и являющимися причинами тяжелых внутрибольничных инфекций. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of the innate immunity are compounds that play an important role in pathogenesis of infectious diseases due to their ability to inactivate a broad array of pathogenic bacteria, thereby providing anti-microbial host defense. AMPs are currently considered promising compounds for treatment of infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate molecular mechanisms of the antibacterial action of three peptides from the bactenecin family, ChBac3.4, ChBac5, and mini-ChBac7.5Nb. These chemically synthesized peptides are analogues of natural proline-rich AMPs previously discovered by the authors of the present study in leukocytes of the domestic goat, Capra hircus. These peptides exhibit a high antimicrobial activity, in particular, against antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Methods. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the peptides (MIC and MBC) were determined using the broth microdilution assay followed by subculturing on agar plates. Effects of the AMPs on bacterial cytoplasmic membrane permeability for a chromogenic marker were explored using a genetically modified strain, Escherichia coli ML35p. The effect of bactenecins on bacterial metabolic activity was studied using a resazurin marker. Results. All the studied peptides showed a high in vitro antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ML35p and antibiotic-resistant strains, Escherichia coli ESBL and Acinetobacter baumannii, but differed in features of their action on bacterial cells. The used combination of techniques allowed the real-time monitoring of effects of bactenecin at different concentrations (including their MIC and MBC) on the cell membrane barrier function and metabolic activity of bacteria. The differences in effects of these three structurally different bactenecins on the studied microorganisms implied that these peptides at bactericidal concentrations differed in their capability for disintegrating bacterial cell membranes and rate of inhibiting bacterial metabolism. Conclusion. The obtained information will supplement the existing basic concepts on mechanisms involved in effects of proline-rich peptides of the innate immunity. This information will also stimulate biotechnological research aimed at development of new antibiotics for treatment of infectious diseases, such as severe in-hospital infections, caused by antibiotic-resistant strains.


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