scholarly journals Bringing the physical sciences into your cell biology research

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (21) ◽  
pp. 4167-4170
Author(s):  
Douglas N. Robinson ◽  
Pablo A. Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Modern Molecular Biology ◽  
Biology Research

Historically, much of biology was studied by physicists and mathematicians. With the advent of modern molecular biology, a wave of researchers became trained in a new scientific discipline filled with the language of genes, mutants, and the central dogma. These new molecular approaches have provided volumes of information on biomolecules and molecular pathways from the cellular to the organismal level. The challenge now is to determine how this seemingly endless list of components works together to promote the healthy function of complex living systems. This effort requires an interdisciplinary approach by investigators from both the biological and the physical sciences.

scholarly journals Carl Singer (1945-2013) – Life on a Plate: Yeast genetics meetings and micromanipulators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Singer ◽  
Terrance G Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Yeast Genetics

Abstract Micromanipulators, more than any other instrument, opened the early doors to developing the powerful genetics of yeast that underlies much of the molecular work today. The ability to separate the spores of a tetrad and analyze their phenotypes generated the genetic maps and biology upon which subsequent cloning, sequencing, cutting edge molecular and cell biology depended. This work describes the development of those micromanipulators from garage to barn to factory and the developer of the sophisticated instruments we use today. For more than 30 years Carl Singer and his family were staunch and generous supporters of the International Conferences on Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology meetings both in Europe and America. Carl Singer's displays at meetings became a traditional fixture and engaged the appetites of many students and advanced researchers to employ a technique that many perceived as too complicated or difficult, but which he made simple and easy to learn. His experiences also document a sketch of the international yeast meetings, their venues and how they developed through the years.

scholarly journals New chromogens for alkaline phosphatase histochemistry: salmon and magenta phosphate are useful for single- and double-label immunohistochemistry.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Avivi ◽  
O Rosen ◽  
R S Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Immunocytochemical Detection ◽  
Hematoxylin Staining ◽  
Double Label ◽  
Biology Research

Two new substrate chromogens for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) detection have been recently synthesized for use in molecular biology research, salmon and magenta phosphate. We show here that these two chromogens have advantageous characteristics for immunocytochemistry as well. Their relatively delicate pink- and magenta-colored products do not mask the colors produced by other staining procedures. In addition, the reaction products of these substrates are insoluble in water, ethanol, and xylene, permitting the use of regressive hematoxylin staining procedures and coverslipping in permanent resin-based media. Most importantly, when these ALP substrates are used in double-label immunocytochemistry in combination with horseradish peroxidase-diaminobenzidine (HRP-DAB) and counterstained with hematoxylin, all three colors can be easily distinguished. An application using these substrates for simultaneous immunocytochemical detection of two monoclonal antibodies of different classes, in combination with hematoxylin staining, is illustrated.

Development of Structures and Transport Functions in the Mouse Placenta

Physiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica D. Watson ◽  
James C. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Nutrient Transport ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Mouse Mutants ◽  
Mouse Placenta

The placenta is essential for sustaining the growth of the fetus during gestation, and defects in its function result in fetal growth restriction or, if more severe, fetal death. Several molecular pathways have been identified that are essential for development of the placenta, and mouse mutants offer new insights into the cell biology of placental development and physiology of nutrient transport.

scholarly journals Biological cell-based screening for scientific membranal and cytoplasmatic markers using dielectric spectroscopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Ragini Raj Singh ◽  
◽  
Amit Ron ◽  
Nick Fishelson ◽  
Irena Shur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Biological Cell ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Native Cell ◽  
Biology Research

Dielectric spectroscopy (DS) of living biological cells is based on the analysis of cells suspended in a physiological medium. It provides knowledge of the polarization-relaxation response of the cells to external electric field as function of the excitation frequency. This response is strongly affected by both structural and molecular properties of the cells and, therefore, can reveal rare insights into cell physiology and behaviour. This study demonstrates the mapping potential of DS after cytoplasmic and membranal markers for cell-based screening analysis. The effect of membrane permittivity and cytoplasm conductivity was examined using tagged MBA and MDCK cell lines respectively. The comparison of the dielectric spectra of tagged and native cell lines reveals clear differences between the cells. In addition, the differences in the matching dielectric properties of the cells were discovered. Those findings support the high distinction resolution and sensitivity of DS after fine molecular and cellular changes, and hence, highlight the high potential of DS as non invasive screening tool in cell biology research.

scholarly journals Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Molecular Biology Research, Vol. 9, No. 1

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Grace Brown
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Biology Research

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Molecular Biology Research, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2019

scholarly journals Biotegnologie — ’n Nuwe benadering in planteteling

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
D. I. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Dna Technology

Conventional plant breeding has made a significant impact on the increase in crop production during the last half century. Several shortcomings however, opened up the opportunities for the application of biotechnology in plant breeding. The vari­ous approaches in the field of cell biology (tissue culture) and molecular biology (recombinant DNA technology) are dis­cussed and the application thereof is advocated in a global approach to plant breeding.

Gains achieved by molecular approaches in the area of lignification

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain-M. Boudet ◽  
Matthieu Chabannes
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Regulatory Circuits ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Different Cell Types

In this article we highlight the contribution of molecular biology and lignin genetic engineering toward a better understanding of lignin biosynthesis and spatio-temporal deposition of lignin. Specific examples from the literature and from our laboratory will serve to underline the chemical flexibility of lignins, the complexity of the regulatory circuits involved in their synthesis, and the specific behavior of different cell types within the xylem. We will also focus on strategies aiming to reduce the lignin content or to modify the lignin composition of plants and present their impact on plant development. We will show that the ectopic expression of a specific transgene may have a different impact, depending on the genetic background, and that plants with a severe reduction in lignin content may undergo normal development. Lignification is currently benefiting enormously from recent developments in molecular biology and transgenesis, and the progress made opens the way for future developments to study how the walls of lignified plant cells are built and organized.

scholarly journals Eukaryotic systems broaden the scope of synthetic biology

2009 ◽  
Vol 187 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karmella A. Haynes ◽  
Pamela A. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Complex Cells ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Foundational Work ◽  
Biology Research

Synthetic biology aims to engineer novel cellular functions by assembling well-characterized molecular parts (i.e., nucleic acids and proteins) into biological “devices” that exhibit predictable behavior. Recently, efforts in eukaryotic synthetic biology have sprung from foundational work in bacteria. Designing synthetic circuits to operate reliably in the context of differentiating and morphologically complex cells presents unique challenges and opportunities for progress in the field. This review surveys recent advances in eukaryotic synthetic biology and describes how synthetic systems can be linked to natural cellular processes in order to manipulate cell behavior and to foster new discoveries in cell biology research.

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