Alain Badiou and Education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torill Strand
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Alain Badiou ◽  
French Philosophy ◽  
Radical Innovations ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
History Of

The French philosopher Alain Badiou (1937–) is one of the most significant philosophers of our time, well known for his meticulous work on rethinking, renewing, and thereby strengthening philosophy as an academic discipline. In short, his philosophy seeks to reveal and make sense of the potential of radical innovations in, or transformations of, any given situation. Although he has not written extensively on education, the pedagogical theme is vital, constitutive, and ongoing throughout his work. Badiou is an outspoken critic of the analytic and postmodern schools of thought, as he strongly promotes the virtue of curiosity, and prospects of “an education by truths.” “Truths” are not to be confused with matters of knowledge or opinion. Truths are existential, ongoing, and open-ended ontological operations that do not belong to any epistemic category. An education by such truths operates through a subtraction from the state of the situation and proposes a different direction regarding the true life. According to Badiou, the task of philosophy is to think these truths as processes that emerge from and pursue gradually transformations of particular situations. Overall, the structure of Badiou’s philosophical system demonstrates an extraordinary ontological style as it concurrently stands in relation to, and breaks off from, the history of contemporary French philosophy, German Idealism, and Greek antiquity. His system, which is of vast complexity, is based on mathematical set theory, consisting of a series of determinate negations of the history of philosophy, and also created by the histories of what Badiou terms philosophy’s conditions: science, art, politics, and love.

scholarly journals NOVEL “ORANG-ORANG PROYEK”: SEJARAH ORDE BARU

TELAGA BAHASA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramis Rauf
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
New Order ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Alain Badiou ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

This study wants to reveal the truth procedures in Ahmad Tohari's novel Orang-Orang Proyek, as a part of an event and a factor in the presence of a new subject. This research would answer the problem: how was the subjectification of Ahmad Tohari in Orang-Orang Proyek novel as truth procedures? This study used the set theory by Alain Badiou. The set theory explained that within a set there were members of "Existing" or Being and events as "Plural" members.  The results proved that the subjectivity between Tohari and New Order events produced literary works: Orang-Orang Proyek. This happened because there was a positive relationship between the author and the event as well as on the naming of the event. Not only as of the subject but also do a fidelity to what he believed to be a truth. The truth procedures or the void—originating from the New Order event—was in the history of the making of a bridge in a village in Java island, Indonesia during the New Order period that filled with corruption, collusion, and nepotism. Tohari then embodied it in his novel. By the presences of the novel, we could know the category of Tohari's presentation as a new subject such as faithful, reactive, and obscure.

Berkeley v. Locke on Primary Qualities

Philosophy ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 55 (212) ◽  
pp. 149-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Stroud
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Standard Interpretation ◽  
Secondary Qualities ◽  
Primary Qualities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Made In

Locke was once supposed to have argued that since the colours, sounds, odours, and other ‘secondary’ qualities things appear to have can vary greatly according to the state and position of the observer, it follows that our ideas of the ‘secondary’ qualities of things do not ‘resemble’ anything existing in the objects themselves. And Berkeley has been credited with the obvious objection that similar facts about the ‘relativity’ of our perception of ‘primary’ qualities show that they do not ‘resemble’ anything existing in the objects either, so that both ‘primary’ and ‘secondary’ qualities exist only ‘in the mind’. The falsity of this view of Locke has been amply demonstrated in recent years, but no corresponding revision has been made in what remains the standard interpretation of Berkeley's criticisms of Locke. His objections therefore appear to be based on misunderstanding and to be irrelevant to what is now seen to be Locke's actual view and his reasons for holding it. I think this account of Berkeley, like the old view of Locke, is a purely fictional chapter in the history of philosophy, and in this paper I try to show that Berkeley's criticisms involve no misunderstanding and amount to a direct denial of the view Locke actually held.

RECONSTRUCTIONS OF THE HISTORICAL PATH OF EUROPEAN METAPHYSICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 150-165
Author(s):  
Yuriy Kimelev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Form

History of European metaphysics is an object of intensive study in history of philosophy as academic discipline. Reconstructions of history European metaphysics as a whole are the most important form of philosophical historiography in author’s view. The article analyzes some of the reconstructions of the kind.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: Philosophy of Politics

Philosophy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thom Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Philosophy Of Right

G. W. F. Hegel is widely considered to be one of the most important philosophers in the history of philosophy. This entry focuses on his contributions to political philosophy, with particular attention paid to his seminal work: the Philosophy of Right. A particular focus will be placed on Hegel’s theories of freedom, contract and property, punishment, morality, family, civil society, law, and the state.

The Oxford Handbook of Hegel

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Phenomenology Of Spirit ◽  
Science Of Logic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Philosophical Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Systematic Importance

The Oxford Handbook of Hegel is a comprehensive guide to the philosophy of G. W. F. Hegel, the last major thinker in the philosophical movement known as German Idealism. Beginning with chapters on his first published writings, the authors draw out Hegel’s debts to his predecessors and highlight the themes and arguments that have proven the most influential over the past two centuries. There are six chapters each on the Phenomenology of Spirit and The Science of Logic, and in-depth analyses of the Encyclopedia of Philosophical Sciences. Five chapters cover Hegel’s philosophy of law, action, and the ethical and political philosophy presented in his Philosophy of Right. Several chapters cover the many recently edited lecture series from the 1820s, bringing new clarity to Hegel’s conception of aesthetics, the philosophy of religion, and the history of philosophy. The concluding part focuses on Hegel’s legacy, from his role in the formation of Marx’s philosophy to his importance for contemporary liberal political philosophy. The Handbook includes many essays from younger scholars who have brought new perspectives and rigor to the study of Hegel’s thought. The essays are marked by close engagement with Hegel’s difficult texts and by a concern with highlighting the ongoing systematic importance of Hegel’s philosophy.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Scholarly Output ◽  
Systematic Philosophy ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary Focus

Through their writing, their teaching, their mentoring, and their broader scholarly output, Gail Fine and Terry Irwin have reshaped the character of ancient philosophy as an academic discipline. Their contributions to the discipline do not, however, end there. On the contrary, their wide-ranging achievements extend into all periods of the history of philosophy and indeed into several areas more systematic than historical. Or perhaps one should say, rather, that their work defies any ready classification as being either historical or systematic, because whatever its primary focus on a given occasion, what they write cannot be pigeonholed as either exclusively scholarly or thematic; for they practice an unremittingly philosophical form of history of philosophy, or, judged from another angle, a historically enriched form of systematic philosophy. That is, as they pursue it, philosophy engages the discipline’s history in a manner animated by its current and perennial concerns, but it does so while remaining fully sensitive to the original context of its production. Their work combines the highest level of scholarly rigor and rich philosophical insight. Animated by a purely philosophical spirit, it is never narrowly antiquarian in orientation. Although alert to matters of text and transmission reflecting painstaking philological care and exceptionally broad scholarly erudition, their work never loses sight of a simple question: should we too believe this?...

Continental Realism and Its Discontents

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Continental Philosophy ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
The Real ◽  
New Realism ◽  
History Of

A new realist movement in continental philosophy has emerged to challenge philosophical approaches and traditions ranging from transcendental and speculative idealism to phenomenology and deconstruction for failing to do justice to the real world as it is ‘in itself’, that is, as independent of the structures of human consciousness, experience, and language. This volume presents a collection of essays that take up the challenge of realism from a variety of historical and contemporary philosophical perspectives. This volume includes essays that engage the fundamental presuppositions and conclusions of this new realism by turning to the writings of seminal figures in the history of philosophy, including Kant, Schelling, and others. Also included are essays that challenge anti-realist readings of Merleau-Ponty, Derrida, and Nancy. Finally, several essays in this volume propose alternative ways of understanding realism through careful readings of key figures in German idealism, pessimism, phenomenology, existentialism, feminism, and deconstruction.

Approaches to Periodization of the History of Political and Legal Doctrines: Traditions and Criteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
A. V. Kornev
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Academic Subject ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Forms

The paper is devoted to several problems. The author investigates the place and role of the history of political and legal doctrines in the system of legal education and science. The new nomenclature of scientific specialties refers this academic subject to theoretical and historical legal sciences, provided no changes are made to the proposed subject description. The main issue articulated in the paper involves the history of political and legal doctrines. This academic discipline is historical, political, legal and theoretical at the same time. Periodization in this case represents periodization of theoretical forms of reflection over political and legal institutions as one of the main problems for a historical discipline. The paper focuses on the fact that the chronological approach to periodization of the history of political and legal doctrines is the main one. However, this approach does not exclude other approaches that are also described in the paper. Moreover, the paper examines traditions established in the science and the student course. Conventionally, the history of political and legal doctrines is investigated chronologically, in a problematic or portrait ways. Needless to say, the author does not exclude the methodological approach to periodization of theoretical and legal forms of cognition of the State and legal institutions.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E. Snow
Keyword(s):  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Virtue Epistemology ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
History Of

The aim of The Oxford Handbook of Virtue is to provide a representative overview of the state of work on virtue in the field of philosophy. After a brief discussion of the aetiology of the term virtue, the Introduction sketches the history of work on virtue in ethics and epistemology. These ideas are examined and expanded upon in the forty-two essays that comprise the Handbook. The Introduction follows the presentation of the Handbook chapters in discussing different conceptualizations of virtue, offering an overview of work on virtue in the history of philosophy and non-Western traditions, and briefly reviewing contributors’ chapters on topics in contemporary virtue ethics, applied virtue ethics, virtue epistemology, and applied virtue epistemology.

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