STRATEGI KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA IKLAN GOJEK DAN GRAB

As a business that is engaged in providing services, in its competition, Gojek and Grab cannot be separated from the use of polite language to attract customers. This study aims to determine the form of politeness in the Gojek and Grab commercials. At the same time, the purpose of this study is to describe the form of politeness of the language contained in the Gojek and Grab commercials and find out which of the two big companies are more polite by using the politeness theory of Brown and Levinson, and Leech. This research uses the listening method, and the primary data is taken from Gojek and Grab's latest ad titled GoFood Versi Anak Baru (GojekIndonesia, 2019) and GrabFood Punya 3 Kode yang Bikin Kamu Bahagia. Based on both commercials' analysis, it can be concluded that Grab ads are more polite than Gojek ads. Grab ads are made with utterances that fulfill the politeness maxim and use a positive politeness strategy. Conversely, Gojek Ads use speech that contradicts politeness strategy; that is, speech does not conform to negative politeness strategies by minimizing coercion. In the use of language, the Grab app commercial is polite compared to the Gojek app commercial. However, if it is seen from the possibility of their product promotion's success, Gojek might be superior by showing impoliteness to do polite things.

ANALISIS KESALAHAN MORFOLOGI DALAM SURAT DINAS DI DINAS PENDIDIKAN KABUPATEN MAJENE, SULAWESI BARAT

The purpose of this study is to describe the use of the Indonesian language with a specific sequence of morphological errors in the official letter of the Majene Regency Education Office. This study uses structural linguistic theory with morphological error analysis. This brief research uses a descriptive-analytical method that explains what it is about research object data. The data comes from outgoing official documents archived by the administrative staff of the Dinas Pendidikan of Majene Regency.. The results showed that the frequency of morphological errors was most often found in the wrong choice of words (including non-standard words). The frequency of frequent errors in the construction of words formed by prefixes or confixes in one of the basic words. Word constructions with such prefixes are generally written separately from the basic words. On the contrary, writing a proposition, in general, is written a series. Then the frequency of errors that are being an inaccurate diction on the construction of the opening letter of the letter which generally begins with the word "pay attention".Keywords: morphological errors, official letters, Dinas Pendididikan of Majene Regencykesalahan morfologis dalam surat dinas di Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Majene. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori linguistik struktural dengan analisis kesalahan morfologi. Penelitian singkat ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis yang memaparkan apa adanya tentang data objek penelitian. Data berasal dari surat-surat dinas keluar yang diarsipkan oleh tenaga administrasi Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Majene. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi kesalahan morfologis yang paling sering terdapat pada pilihan kata yang tidak tepat (termasuk kata yang tidak baku). Frekuensi kesalahan yang sering adalah konstruksi kata yang dibentuk oleh prefiks di- atau konfiks di-kan dengan salah satu kata dasar. Konstruksi kata dengan prefiks seperti itu pada umumnya ditulis terpisah dari kata dasarnya. Sebaliknya, penulisan preposisi di pada umumnya ditulis serangkai. Kemudian frekuensi kesalahan yang sedang adalah diksi yang tidak cermat pada konstruksi kalimat pembuka surat yang umumnya diawali dengan kata “memperhatikan”.Kata kunci: kesalahan morfologi, surat dinas, Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Majene

LATAR DALAM NOVEL KURA-KURA BERJANGGUT KARYA AZHARI AIYUB

The Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub depicts a setting that can be used as knowledge related to life in ancient times such as place, time and social, and life lessons.The purpose of this research is to describe the setting of the novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub. The method used is the descriptive qualitative approach. The research data source is the Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub. This research is text, phrases, and sentences about the setting of the Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub. Data collection techniques used are library or literature study techniques. Data analysis was performed using descriptive qualitative analysis techniques. This research results showed that were containof three setting in the Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub. First, the most dominant setting is in Teluk Lamuri and Istana Darud Dunya. second, the setting time setting described in the novel without dating and describing the situation. Third, the social setting dominated the typed of attitude and habits to life. Keywords: Intrinsic Element, Setting, Novel Abstrak Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut karya Azhari Aiyub menggambarkan latar yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pengetahuan terkait kehidupan di masa zaman dahulu seperti tempat, waktu dan sosial, serta pelajaran hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan unsur latar yang terdapat di dalam Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut karya Azhari Aiyub. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut karya Azhari Aiyub. Data penelitian ini adalah teks berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat tentang latar yang terdapat dalam Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut karya Azhari Aiyub. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik pustaka atau studi kepustakaan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terkandung tiga jenis unsur latar dalam Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut karya Azhari Aiyub. Pertama, latar tempat yang paling dominan terdapat di Teluk Lamuri dan Istana Darud Dunya. Kedua, latar waktu digambarkan dalam novel tersebut berupa penanggalan dan penggambaran situasi. Ketiga, latar sosial yang mendominasi berjenis kebiasaan hidup dan bersikap. The Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub depicts a setting that can be used as knowledge related to life in ancient times such as place, time and social, and life lessons. The purpose of this reasearches are to described the setting of the novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub. The method used is descriptive qualitative approach. The research data source is the Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub. This research are text, phrass and the sentence about the setting of the Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub. Data collection techniques used are library or literature study techniques. Data analysis was performed using descriptive qualitative analysis techniques. This research results showed that were containof three setting in the Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut by Azhari Aiyub. First, the most dominant setting is in Teluk Lamuri and Istana Darud Dunya. second, the setting time setting described in the novel without dating and describing the situation. Third, the social setting that dominated the typed of attitude and habits to life.

Wacana Konflik Kelas dalam Novel Dawuk: Kisah Kelabu dari Rumbuk Randu Karya Mahfud Ikhwan

Hubungan sastra sebagai produk kebudayaan tidak pernah lepas dengan ilmu sosiologi. Dalam sosiologi klasik yang berkembang di abad XIX, Marx mengeluarkan gagasan tentang kritik sosial terkait klasifikasi strata sosial (kelas) yang menghasilkan sebuah titik kompetisi antar kelas berupa konflik dalam masyarakat. Salah satu novel yang mengambil ide gagasan konflik kelas Marx sebagai pemicu utama dalam segala konflik di alur cerita adalah novel Mahfud Ikhwan berjudul Dawuk: Kisah Kelabu dari Rumbuk Randu. Novel ini menggunakan gaya bahasa yang unik, meniadakan bias realitas dan fiksionalitas, serta membawa unsur lokalitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-kualitatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tampak bahwa novel Dawuk membawa nuansa konflik sosial secara dominan. Di tengah jalannya konflik yang begitu padat ditemukan permasalahan dan perjuangan kelas yang memicu pecahnya konflik sosial dalam masyarakat Rumbuk Randu. Pangkal konflik kelas tersebut menyangkut permasalahan Sinder Harjo sebagai wajah kelas borjuis dengan Mbah Dulawi sebagai wajah kelas proletar dalam masyarakat Rumbuk Randu. Perkara konflik keduanya diakibatkan oleh sistem ekonomi kapitalisme yang terus terjadi.

TIPE FOKALISATOR DALAM NOVEL PUTU WIJAYA:TELEGRAM

Analysis of the point of view in the intrinsic element of literary works is still dominated by the analysis of first-person, and third-person perspectives. But in the development of narrative text theory analysis, there was a change in the division of viewpoint types. In Bal's narratology theory, the point of view is called focalization, while the viewer in the point of view is called focalization. Therefore, how is the type of focalizer in the novel, specifically in the novel Telegram, became the focus of this research study. The purpose of this study was to identify the type of focalizer used in the novel. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection techniques used are reading and note-taking techniques. The data analysis techniques in this study include data identification, data classification, data analysis, and the conclusion of data analysis results. The results showed that the type of focalizer type used was internal focalization. The use of an internal focalization shows that the author of the novel tells the story from a first-person perspective, and the author does not appear in the story. Keywords: focalizer, novel, narratology BalAnalisis sudut pandang dalam unsur intrinsik karya sastra hingga saat ini cenderung masih didominasi oleh analisis sudut pandang orang pertama, dan orang ketiga. Namun dalam perkembangan analisis teori teks naratif, terlihat adanya perubahan pembagian tipe sudut pandang. Dalam teori naratologi Bal, sudut pandang disebut fokalisasi, sedangkan yang melihat dalam sudut pandang disebut fokalisator. Oleh karena itu, bagaimanakah tipe fokalisator dalam novel, khususnya novel Telegram, menjadi rumusan masalah penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi tipe fokalisator yang digunakan dalam novel. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik baca dan teknik catat. Adapun teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi identifikasi data, klasifikasi data, analisis data, dan penyimpulan hasil analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe tipe fokalisator yang digunakan adalah fokalisator internal. Penggunaan fokalisator internal menunjukkan bahwa pengarang novel tersebut menceritakan cerita dari sudut pandang orang pertama,dan pengarang tidak menampakkan diri dalam cerita.

ASPEK AJARAN ISLAM DALAM GURINDAM BANJAR DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggambaran aspek-aspek ajaran Islam yang menyangkut akidah, ibadah, dan akhlak dalam gurindam Banjar serta makna yang diikandungnya. Adapun masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana penggambaran aspek-aspek ajaran Islam yang menyangkut akidah, ibadah, dan akhlaka yang terdapat dalam gurindam Banjar serta makna yang dikandungnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif serta teknik studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diketahui bahwa gurindam Banjar yang mengandung aspek ajaran Islam berupa akidah menjelaskan tentang pentingnya syahadat dan konsep tauhid. Gurindam Banjar yang mengandung aspek ajaran Islam berupa ibadah menjelaskan tentang keutamaan salat, puasa, zakat, dan haji. Gurindam Banjar yang mengandung aspek ajaran Islam berupa akhlak menjelaskan tentang pentingnya berakhlak terhadap orang tua serta sifat dermawan merupakan akhlak yang baik. Kata kunci: Gurindam Banjar,Islam, makna

KRITIK TERHADAP BANGSA KOLONIAL MELALUI PENCERITAAN TOKOH UTAMA NOVEL STUDENT HIDJO KARYA MAS MARCO KARTODIKROMO DAN SALAH ASUHAN KARYA ABDOEL MOEIS

The production of early Indonesian literature was characterized by the reading production of movement groups referred to by colonial as wild reading. The colonialists defined wild reading as reading implying political notions criticizing the government who ruled at that time to result provocatively against them. The study aims to see imagery of character to insinuate criticism towards the colonial in both novels. The theory was that studies of literary comparisons as analysis tools. The method used is a descriptive analysis. The research has shown that Student Hidjo and Salah Asuhan criticized colonists, a criticism of the cultural differences between the west and the east, a criticism of the treatment by the colonists, and a criticism of colonial behavior. The delivery of criticism in the Student Hidjo novel is explicitly or outright because the readers can easily understand it. While in Salah Asuhan's novel, the delivery of criticism of the colonial nation is conveyed impliedly. Balai Pustaka first published it to investigate the sensors that apply in the Balai Pustaka at the time. Keywords: Wild literature, colonial criticism, comparisons, sociology of literaturePerkembangan kesusastraan Indonesia pada periode awal ditandai dengan produksi bacaan kaum pergerakan yang sering disebut oleh bangsa kolonial sebagai bacaan liar. Bacaan liar diartikan oleh kaum kolonial sebagai bacaan yang memuat gagasan politik yang mengkritisi pemerintahan yang berkuasa saat itu sehingga hal itu dapat mengakibatkan tindakan provokasi untuk melawan mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat pencitraan tokoh dalam upaya menyampaikan kritik terhadap bangsa kolonial dalam kedua novel. Teori yang digunakan yaitu kajian sastra bandingan dan sosiologi sastra sebagai alat analisis. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam novel Student Hidjo dan Salah Asuhan terdapat kritik yang ditunjukkan kepada bangsa kolonial, seperti kritik untuk memperoleh pendidikan yang sederajat dengan para elite bangsawan, kritik mengenai perbedaan kebudayaan antara bangsa Barat dan Timur, kritik mengenai perlakuan yang dilakukan oleh bangsa kolonial, dan kritik perilaku yang dimiliki bangsa kolonial. Penyampaian kritik pada novel Student Hidjo disampaikan dengan tersurat atau secara terang-terangan karena dengan mudah dipahami oleh para pembacanya. Sementara dalam novel Salah Asuhan, penyampaian kritik terhadap bangsa kolonial disampaikan secara tersirat. Hal tersebut dikarenakan novel itu diterbitkan pertama kali oleh Balai Pustaka sehingga menyiasati sensor-sensor yang berlaku dalam Balai Pustaka pada saat itu.Kata kunci: bacaan liar, kritik kolonial, sastra bandingan, sosiologi sastra

NOVEL “ORANG-ORANG PROYEK”: SEJARAH ORDE BARU

This study wants to reveal the truth procedures in Ahmad Tohari's novel Orang-Orang Proyek, as a part of an event and a factor in the presence of a new subject. This research would answer the problem: how was the subjectification of Ahmad Tohari in Orang-Orang Proyek novel as truth procedures? This study used the set theory by Alain Badiou. The set theory explained that within a set there were members of "Existing" or Being and events as "Plural" members. The results proved that the subjectivity between Tohari and New Order events produced literary works: Orang-Orang Proyek. This happened because there was a positive relationship between the author and the event as well as on the naming of the event. Not only as of the subject but also do a fidelity to what he believed to be a truth. The truth procedures or the void—originating from the New Order event—was in the history of the making of a bridge in a village in Java island, Indonesia during the New Order period that filled with corruption, collusion, and nepotism. Tohari then embodied it in his novel. By the presences of the novel, we could know the category of Tohari's presentation as a new subject such as faithful, reactive, and obscure.

MENYOAL ALAM, MENJELMA PEREMPUAN: KARNAVAL KULTURAL CERITA RAKYAT MORONENE

This research focuses on the characters in the three stories of the Moronene people, entitled: Tina Lungo (TIL); Unsono Nee Taubonto (UNT); and Duu-dunno Rema Yi Kotu'a (DRK). Using the theory of ecofeminism, this research examines the position of men and women in the Moronene ethnic communal and the extent to which the Moronene community applies their appreciation of nature. The work concept uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method. The analysis was carried out after describing the data that had been identified through the reading process. As the result, men are deliberately described with an image that is giddy, poor, and full of anger. Unlike the case with women, who can fully appreciate their oneness with nature, they are endowed with features that nurture, care for, love. In conclusion, humans need to go hand in hand with nature to create world civilization. The three stories are worth giving to children in the concept of fairy tales and bedtime. This is important so that they have ecological and gender awareness so that one day they become human beings who carry the mission of peace for the entire universe.

KETIDAKSADARAN KOLEKTIF TOKOH DALAM NOVEL ANAK RANTAU KARYA AHMAD FUADI: KAJIAN PSIOKOLOGI ANALITIS CARLGUSTAV JUNG

Literary works are closely related to everyday human life and are the thoughts or expressions of the author. Literary works as the author's expression represent experiences, thoughts, feelings, and ideas expressed by using language as the medium. This study aims to analyze the collective unconsciousness of the characters in Ahmad Fuadi's novel Anak Rantau through the psychoanalytic approach of Carl Gustav Jung. This research is a type of library research. The research data is in the form of a novel entitled Anak Rantau by Ahmad Fuadi. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. From the results of the study, it was found: (1) the personal role of Datuk Marajo, which displays a different character to cover the character that belongs to him, (2) the role of the archetype of anima in Martiaz, namely the feminine side of a man, (3) ) the role of shadow (shadow) in the character Jenggo to cover his mistakes, and (4) the role of self-archetype (self) in Datuk Marajo to get calm.