2. Public and private

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Jenny Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Painful Episode

Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth in February 1812. ‘Public and private’ describes his early childhood, his first jobs, and his move into writing. His father’s imprisonment for debt when he was just 12 led to the most painful episode of his life. His first sketch appeared in December 1833 and he went on to write many more under the nickname of Boz. He married Catherine Hogarth in 1836 and before he was 30 was one of the most famous men in Britain. By the late 1840s, he felt financially secure and could devote time to social reform issues. His later work and the failure of his marriage are also described.

Commodification and care: An exploration of workforces’ experiences of care in private and public childcare systems from a feminist political theory of care perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 026101832199893
Author(s):  
Brooke Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Good Care ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Practice Care

Drawing on feminist care ethics and political theory (Engster and Hamington, 2015; Held, 2006; Noddings, 2015; Tronto, 2013), this paper examines how educators working in private (Ontario) and public (Denmark) childcare systems think about and practice care. Through interviews with pedagogues (Denmark) and early childhood educators (Ontario), linkages between the public/private positioning of care and the care experiences of educators are explored. The findings reveal differences in how educators think about and practice care in public and private systems. At the same time, notable similarities emerged in how educators resisted neoliberal system requirements. The findings illustrate the complexities of connecting good care practices to the systemic level without diminishing the importance of individual human agency in experiencing/practicing good care in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). Findings suggest that good care and commodification are both theoretically and practically at odds with each other, though neither absolutely precludes the other. Implications for policy makers, particularly relevant in the contemporary COVID context, are discussed.

Challenges to goals of “Recovery”: A narrative analysis of neoliberal/ableist policy effects on two mothers of young children with autism

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Sherfinski
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Democratic Education ◽  
School Context ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Double Consciousness ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Policy Effects ◽  
Young Children With Autism

This narrative inquiry shows the barriers and possibilities that the current US education context poses for two mothers of pre-kindergarten sons with autism. Specifically, this work is contextualized within the growing universal pre-kindergarten reform which provides a mixed delivery (public and private) implementation. Presented with the context of choice among school sites and the expectation of mothers to provide energy for the reform through their involvement in the universal pre-kindergarten “machine,” mothers of children with autism experienced unique challenges. An in-depth Bakhtinian analysis examining the mothers’ uses of heteroglossia and polyphony shows the complexities of how they presented an oscillating “double-consciousness,” working between machine expectations and narratives of “recovery,” meaning desiring normalization in line with the expectations of early childhood experts, children, and local policies. Neither the machine metaphor nor the narrative of recovery was sufficient to negotiate the challenges of education for the families, and mothers used strategies of recycling, resisting, and re-appropriating discourses to navigate. While universal pre-kindergarten was effective in improving the academic performance of children with mild autism, it did not always support the goals of inclusive and democratic education. Therefore, mothers began to question their choice of public school context and began to consider private universal pre-kindergarten sites, even though this might jeopardize the Individualized Education Plans that they worried their children needed, particularly for social purposes. The implications address both the mechanism for shifts from public to private choice in the current US education context, and the need for a reparative project that critically addresses relationships between homes and schools.

scholarly journals A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: limites e possibilidades

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Daniele Saheb ◽  
Daniela Gureski Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Curriculum Guidelines

Este artigo objetiva problematizar as características do pensamento e da ação dos docentes da Educação Infantil sobre a temática ambiental nas esferas pública e privada. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com análise qualitativa, cujos instrumentos utilizados foram entrevistas, análise da proposta pedagógica e observação do ambiente educativo. O estudo, realizado em Curitiba, Paraná, revelou a partir da análise das propostas pedagógicas das duas instituições que existe a orientação para o trabalho interdisciplinar com a Educação Ambiental na Educação Infantil. Constatou-se por meio dos discursos que todos os docentes pesquisados concordam com a importância da inserção da Educação Ambiental na Educação Infantil e alegam trabalhar com o tema em suas turmas. As observações do ambiente demonstraram atividades voltadas principalmente à reutilização de materiais recicláveis para a confecção de brinquedos, observação da natureza e horta. Apesar dos avanços do debate sobre a Educação Ambiental na Educação Infantil impulsionado pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de Educação Ambiental (2012) e das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação Infantil (2009), ainda mostrou-se predominante nos discursos e na prática pedagógica uma concepção de cunho reducionista e naturalista. Palavras-chave: Educação ambiental. Educação infantil. Prática pedagógica.  THE ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN CHILDHOOD EDUCATION: limits and possibilities Abstract: This article aims to discuss the action and thoughts characteristics from the early childhood education teachers on the environmental issues in the public and private spheres. This is a qualitative analysis survey, which the instruments used were interviews, pedagogical proposal analysis and educational environment observation. The study, conducted in Curitiba, Paraná, showed from the pedagogical proposal analysis of the two institutions that there is guidance for the interdisciplinary work with the environmental education in early childhood education. It was found, through the speeches, that all surveyed teachers agree with the importance of the environmental education in early childhood education and claim to work with this subject in their classes.  The environmental observations demonstrated activities related mainly to recyclable material re-use to manufacture toys, nature observation and garden. Despite advances on the environmental education debate in early childhood education driven by the Environmental Education National Curriculum Guidelines (2012) and the Early Childhood Education National Curriculum Guidelines (2009), it is still proved to be predominantly in speeches and in the pedagogical practice a reductionist and naturalist concept. Keywords: Environmental Education. Childhood Education. Pedagogical practice.   LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL EN LA EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL: límites y posibilidadesResumen: Este   estudio   tiene   como   objetivo   plantearse   como   problema   las características del pensamiento y de las acciones del profesorado de la Educación Infantil sobre tema medioambiental en las esferas públicas y privada. Se trata de una investigación con análisis cualitativa, a los cuales   los   instrumento   utilizados   fueron   entrevistas,   análisis   de   la propuesta   pedagógica   y   observación   del   entorno   educativo.   La investigación, realizada en Curitiba, Paraná, puso de manifiesto a partir del análisis de las propuestas pedagógicas de dos instituciones, donde hay orientación  para el   trabajo interdisciplinario  entre la  Educación Ambiental   y   la   Educación   Ambiental   en   la   Educación Infantil. Se comprobó a través de los discursos que todo el profesorado investigado   concuerda   con   la   importancia   de   la   inclusión   de   la Educación Ambiental a la Educación Infantil donde alega trabajar con   el   tema   en   sus   clases.   Las   observaciones   del   medio ambiente demuestran     actividades   enfocadas   sobre   todo   a   la   reutilización   de materiales reciclables para la elaboración de juguetes, observación de la naturaleza y huerta. Pese a los avances del debate sobre Educación Medio ambiental en la Educación Infantil impulsado por las Directrices Curriculares Nacionales de Educación Ambiental (2012) y de las Directrices Curriculares Nacionales para la Educación Infantil (2009), demostró   todavía   dominante   en   los   discursos   y   en   la   práctica pedagógica una concepción de molde reduccionista y naturalista. Palabras clave: Educación Ambiental. Educación Infantil. Práctica Pedagógica. 

scholarly journals Integration and Innovation in Early Childhood Education in Nigeria: Implications for Quality Teacher Production

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V C Onu ◽  
William Emeka Obiozor ◽  
O E Agbo ◽  
Ezeanwu Chiamaka
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Private Preschool

This survey research studied integration and innovation in early childhood education and implications for quality teacher preparation. The study was a descriptive survey research, with one hundred and twelve (112) sampled preschool teacher. Eight research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. Early Childhood Programme Instrument on Integration and Innovation (ECPAI) was constructed, validated and used in eliciting responses from the respondents. The data collected were analyzed using percentage, mean, and Paired Sample tests. The study revealed a significant difference in the opinions of public and private preschool teachers toward integration and innovative practices in early childhood education in Nigeria. It was equally revealed that are Early Childhood Education (ECE) programme in Nigeria is influenced by traditional, uncreative approaches. Thus, training and retraining of focus teachers and stakeholders in ECE was highly recommended

Barriers to the Use of Games-Based Learning in Pre-School Settings

2022 ◽  
pp. 1639-1654
Author(s):  
Dionysios Manesis
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Teachers ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Early Childhood Classroom ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Adoption And Implementation

The main aim of this research is to investigate how teachers perceive the barriers that limit the adoption and implementation of games-based learning in early childhood education on Cyprus. Teachers are working in public and private pre-schools. A 19-item questionnaire was administered to 148 early childhood teachers in Cyprus (78 public pre-school teachers and 70 private pre-school teachers). Factor analysis reveals three types of barriers to the use of games-based learning in early childhood classroom: lack of confidence, lack of support, and lack of equipment. The higher the teachers' self-efficacy in using digital games is, the lower the level of teachers' perception regarding the barrier lack of confidence becomes. Teachers with no frequent use of computer and digital games in the classroom perceive lack of confidence as a major barrier. Public pre-schools teachers have significantly more positive attitudes toward the usefulness of GBL than private pre-schools teachers.

scholarly journals Parents' Choice of Early Childhood Education Services in Hong Kong: A Pilot Study about Vouchers

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail Yuen ◽  
Susan Grieshaber
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Voucher Scheme ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
School Year ◽  
The Impact

The introduction of a voucher scheme for early childhood education in Hong Kong has resulted in significant changes in the field. This article reports data from a pilot study that aimed at understanding better how parents chose an early childhood education service following the introduction of a voucher scheme in Hong Kong. Eighty-six Chinese parents with children aged three participated in interviews and focus group discussions. This group of parents had just undergone the process of selecting a kindergarten or nursery for their children for the school year 2007–2008. The participants were from a range of socioeconomic circumstances and educational levels who had selected non-profit-making kindergartens and nurseries in public and private housing estates. The results showed that what parents looked for in their choice of service closely matched how they defined quality. Moreover, their views on quality greatly resembled the specific notion of quality that the recent reform policy has been heavily promoting. The findings point to the complex interactions among policy, choice, and practices of early childhood education. The new voucher scheme is intensifying the governing of both the self and the field, the impact of which is worrisome.

scholarly journals Psychological Burnout in Early Childhood Teachers: Levels and Reasons

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Eid Zaid Al-Adwan ◽  
Majed Mohammad Al-Khayat
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Early Childhood Teachers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Teachers Perspectives ◽  
Type Of School ◽  
Academic Specialization

The primary education plays an important role in the life of an individual as well as the nation as a whole. This study aims at investigating the level of psychological burnout in early childhood female teachers at public and private kindergarten schools. It also aims to prove whether these burnout levels differ according to the type of school, academic specialization, social status, and age. This study aims to identify the major causes of psychological burnouts from the teachers’ perspectives. The researchers used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. In addition, the study sample consisted of 96 female teachers from all the kindergarten schools in Al-Salt educational directorate. The researchers were applied Maslach quantitative scale. Consequently, 8 female private kindergarten school teachers were interviewed. The main results showed that moderate to high levels of psychological burnouts are present. Thus, this is accompanied with statistical differences according to the type of kindergarten school and social status. No statistical differences recorded regarding academic specialization and age. The results also showed that work pressure, low income, and the management relationship with the parents are some of the main causes of psychological burnouts. The researchers recommended conducting more studies in order to reduce the reasons leading to psychological burnouts among teachers in general.

Restructuring care: comparative policy developments

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Uk

This chapter presents historical overviews of in-home childcare in Australia, the UK and Canada. It discusses the policy trajectories across these countries within the context of early childhood education and care policy and migration policy. Particular attention is given to debates about how childcare policies and funding positioned home-based care arrangements – in both the caregiver and child’s home – across the public, private, informal and formal domains. In all three countries similar debates took place regarding the role of care versus education across the public and private, and formal and informal spheres. Dominant ideas about the care of young children being the responsibility of the family hindered the success of advocacy efforts, particularly by the feminist movement, for regulated, centre-based early childhood education and care. However, by looking at the details of the debates, pressures and actors through the lens of in-home childcare, contrasting attitudes are revealed.

scholarly journals P-CRS: A Clinical Scale to Assess the Parent-Child Relationship in Infancy and Early Childhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3458
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Speranza ◽  
Maria Quintigliano ◽  
Marco Lauriola ◽  
Alexandro Fortunato
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood ◽  
Parent Child

This study aimed to examine the ability of a new clinician-report tool, the Parent-Child Relationship Scale (P-CRS), to assess the individual contributions that parents and their children make within the parent-child relationship, as well as interactions between parents and children in terms of developmental psychopathology. As clinical diagnoses in early childhood is both important and difficult, it is necessary to identify tools that can effectively contribute to evaluating parent-child relationships during the diagnostic process. A sample of 268 mother-child dyads, taken from both public and private clinical settings, was assessed. Clinicians were asked to assess these dyads using the P-CRS after four to five sessions of clinical evaluation. The results indicated that the three areas assessed by the P-CRS—“Interaction”, “Child” and “Parent”—could have different impacts on the various aspects of the parent-child relationship within distinct diagnostic groups. Thus, our findings support the use of the P-CRS to assist with clinical diagnosis during early childhood.

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