3. Attitudes and influence

2015 ◽  
pp. 33-59
Author(s):  
Richard J. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Social Facilitation ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Form Change ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

‘Attitudes and influence’ discusses how attitudes form, change, and predict behaviour; and how they are inherently social, defined, and refined in response to people in the world around us. Attitudes are a set of beliefs about an object, person, or issue and can be simple and clear, or complex and multifaceted. They are the basic building blocks of our mental models and inform and guide our ideals, aspirations, values, and ideologies. Attitudes predict our behaviour, and are therefore integral to who we are, what we do, and why we do it. The impact of persuasion, social influence, social norms, conformity, leadership, and social facilitation on our behaviour is also considered.

The Impact of World Religions on Conservatism

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-218
Author(s):  
Laura Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
The World ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Western Religion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Jel Classifications

ABSTRACT This study examines the association between world religions and the earnings attribute of conservatism. I group the major world religions into two sub-groups, Western and Eastern. Prior literature documents that followers of Western religions have a lower preference for risk relative to followers of Eastern religions. Prior literature also finds a lower preference for risk is associated with more conservative reporting. Using a large sample of firms listed on exchanges around the world, I find earnings of firms domiciled in countries with larger Western religious presence are more conservative. The results hold after using an indicator for whether the predominant religion in the country is a Western religion, controlling for religiosity, and using a sample of U.S. foreign registrants that file a 20-F reconciliation with the SEC. My study contributes to our understanding of how social norms affect financial reporting. JEL Classifications: G14; G15; M41.

From the fifth discipline to the new revolution: what we have learnt from Senge’s ideas over the last three decades

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-498
Author(s):  
Hong T.M. Bui
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Learning Organization ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Influential Book ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Business And Management

Purpose This paper aims to go through all Peter Senge’s books since his influential book The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization in 1990 and see what kind of ideas he has developed and the impact his books have created. Design/methodology/approach The author uses book review method to identify prominent ideas in those books that not only have significantly challenged but also contributed to transforming the world of business and management in both academia and practice. Findings Among many great ideas that Senge has developed, spirituality, mental models, systems thinking, and a sustainability mentality are prominent ones, which have set up trends for both researchers and practitioners in business and management. Originality/value Those ideas are interwoven, intertwined and have powerfully shaped new ways to see the world and act upon.

scholarly journals The Need to Act: Incest as a Crime Given Low Priority—A View with India as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Peter Choate ◽  
Radha Sharan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Actual Frequency ◽  
Common Event ◽  
Religion And Law ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Academic Search

Background: Incest is a form of sexual activity that occurs within family or kinship systems. It is prohibited by religion and law in most countries as well as by social mores or taboos. Data from various parts of the world indicate, however, that it appears to be a relatively common event, although there is reason to believe that the actual frequency is unknown. Most available data focus upon children as victims, although we note that incest also occurs between adult family members. Methods: A systematic review was performed using PRISMA guidelines. With a focus upon India, the search tools of Academic Search Complete, Google Scholar and PUBMED were used to identify articles that legally defined incest; frequency; barriers to disclosure; the dynamics of incest and social norms. Results: The available data were very limited, making a systematic review unachievable within the narrow confines of incest. Conclusions: The literature is sparse. This led to a discussion of definitional issues; barriers to disclosure; and challenges with measuring the problem of incest and the impact of social norms. Questions of law and efforts at reform were also considered. The article considers what steps might be appropriate.

scholarly journals The Contradictions of Techno-Nationalism and Techno-Globalism: A Historical Perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David E.H. Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
The World ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact

Techno-nationalism and techno-globalism are descriptive and prescriptive categories for understanding the impact of technology on society and vice versa. They reflect the underlying assumptions made by analysts of the place of technology in the world, and denote ideologies, rather than technological policies or realities. They also help us to realize that standard accounts of the nation and globalization are not as securely based as they appear. Indeed, nations and states are important in ways techno-nationalism does not capture, and the international and global dimension is crucial in ways which that techno-globalism overlooks. Yet an analysis of both terms yields building blocks to a more sophisticated appreciation of the linkages between the nation, technological innovation and globalization.

Exploring the World Trade Organisation's Trade and Environment/Public Health Jurisprudence as a Model for Incorporating a Trade–Labour Linkage into the Organisation's Multilateral Trade Regime: Should African Countries Accept a Policy Shift?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Tapiwa V. Warikandwa ◽  
Patrick C. Osode
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trade Regime ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
The World ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
The Impact

The incorporation of a trade-labour (standards) linkage into the multilateral trade regime of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been persistently opposed by developing countries, including those in Africa, on the grounds that it has the potential to weaken their competitive advantage. For that reason, low levels of compliance with core labour standards have been viewed as acceptable by African countries. However, with the impact of WTO agreements growing increasingly broader and deeper for the weaker and vulnerable economies of developing countries, the jurisprudence developed by the WTO Panels and Appellate Body regarding a trade-environment/public health linkage has the potential to address the concerns of developing countries regarding the potential negative effects of a trade-labour linkage. This article argues that the pertinent WTO Panel and Appellate Body decisions could advance the prospects of establishing a linkage of global trade participation to labour standards without any harm befalling developing countries.

Modernism, Empiricism, and Rationalism

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Squires
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Irish Poetry ◽  
Dimensional Spectrum ◽  
Culture History ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rule Out

Modernism is usually defined historically as the composite movement at the beginning of the twentieth century which led to a radical break with what had gone before in literature and the other arts. Given the problems of the continuing use of the concept to cover subsequent writing, this essay proposes an alternative, philosophical perspective which explores the impact of rationalism (what we bring to the world) on the prevailing empiricism (what we take from the world) of modern poetry, which leads to a concern with consciousness rather than experience. This in turn involves a re-conceptualisation of the lyric or narrative I, of language itself as a phenomenon, and of other poetic themes such as nature, culture, history, and art. Against the background of the dominant empiricism of modern Irish poetry as presented in Crotty's anthology, the essay explores these ideas in terms of a small number of poets who may be considered modernist in various ways. This does not rule out modernist elements in some other poets and the initial distinction between a poetics of experience and one of consciousness is better seen as a multi-dimensional spectrum that requires further, more detailed analysis than is possible here.

Mechanisms of liver damage in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
T. V. Pinchuk ◽  
N. V. Orlova ◽  
T. G. Suranova ◽  
T. I. Bonkalo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analyze Data

At the end of 2019, a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in China, causing the coronavirus infection COVID-19. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a major challenge to health systems around the world. There is still little information on how infection affects liver function and the significance of pre-existing liver disease as a risk factor for infection and severe COVID-19. In addition, some drugs used to treat the new coronavirus infection are hepatotoxic. In this article, we analyze data on the impact of COVID-19 on liver function, as well as on the course and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma, or those on immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation.

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