7. Brazil and the multipolar world

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-117
Author(s):  
Anthony W. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Global Health ◽  
International Development ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
International System ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Health It ◽  
Peaceful Resolution ◽  
Almost All

‘Brazil and the multipolar world’ examines Brazil’s foreign policy tradition. Brazil has a strong diplomatic tradition that emphasizes moderation, the peaceful resolution of conflicts, and Brazil’s ability to seek consensus by maintaining dialogue with almost all other states. Indeed, Brazil usually positions itself in favour of moderate reform of the institutions of global governance and as a gentle critic of the inequalities and injustices of the international system. The chapter then describes Brazilian contributions to global politics in areas such as international development, the environment, security, and global health. It also looks at the rupture promoted by the Bolsonaro administration in 2019.

scholarly journals The Foreign Policy of Islamist Political Parties

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
International System ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
The Way

Does political Islam have a specific vision of global politics? How has the foreign policy of Islamist forces developed in order to impose their ideas onto the diplomatic agenda of other countries? How do these actors perceive the world, international affairs, and the way Islamic countries should engage with the international system? Eager to break with the dominant grammar of international relations, and instead to fuse Muslim states in a unique religious and political entity, Muslim actors have had to face up to the realities that they had promised to transform. Drawing on a series of case studies, this collective work sheds light on six national trajectories of Islamism: in Morocco (the Party of Justice and Development), Tunisia (Ennhada), Egypt (the Muslim Brotherhood), Palestine (Hamas), Lebanon (Hizbullah) and Turkey (AKP). It looks at what has been produced by the representatives of political Islam in each case, and the way these representatives have put their words and their ideological aspirations into action within their foreign policies.

5. The Developing World in International Politics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Hobden
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Developing World ◽  
International System ◽  
Nuclear Proliferation ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
The Cold War

This chapter examines the role of developing countries in international politics. International relations, as a discipline, has traditionally overlooked the significance of the developing world in global politics. The chapter begins by discussing the reasons for this and why such an oversight is lamentable. It then considers the position of the developing world throughout the large structural changes that have occurred in the international system since 1945: North–South relations during and after the Cold War and the emerging multipolar world, in which China is anticipated to return to the centre of international politics. The chapter also explores topics such as the United Nations’s involvement in development issues and its role in decolonization, U.S. foreign policy under the two Obama administrations, and nuclear proliferation.

scholarly journals Shaping Global Sustainability in the Umbrella of “Comprehensive Globalisation”—Germany’s Role

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-35
Author(s):  
Dirk Messner
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
International Politics ◽  
International System ◽  
German Foreign Policy ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Global Sustainability ◽  
Global Agenda

The current confrontation of irreconcilable concepts of global order poses a serious threat to international cooperation in crucial areas of global governance. German foreign policy faces many challenges in an international system characterised by “comprehensive globalisation”. This global constellation however also implies the great opportunity to establish new patterns of cooperation via transformative alliances with emerging actors of international politics. In this way, Germany could play a substantial transformative role in the global agenda for sustainability.

Global Health Diplomacy

2018 ◽  
pp. 101-121
Author(s):  
Akram Khazatzadeh-Mahani ◽  
Arne Ruckert ◽  
Ronald Labonté
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Global Health Diplomacy ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Diplomacy ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Health And Foreign Policy ◽  
Foreign Ministries

Health issues have received unprecedented attention in global policy negotiations in recent decades. Ongoing global health challenges, the pressing need to address global health disparities, and recent calls for collaboration as part of the sustainable development goals process have contributed to increasing consideration of the intersection among global health, foreign policy, and diplomacy. These developments have resulted in ‘global health diplomacy’. This chapter examines the links between health and foreign policy and how global health diplomacy is employed to influence global politics. It further investigates some of the instruments used in global health diplomacy, including recommendations/resolutions, international agreements, and regulations. How and why health issues reach the political agendas of foreign ministries are also examined. The chapter then discusses how to evaluate and improve global health diplomacy processes and raises research questions for advancing the academic study of global health diplomacy and why it remains important.

scholarly journals Governing the UK Contribution to Health Security: in Our National Interest?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily McMullen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Global Health ◽  
International Development ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Security Community ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Governance Architecture

Abstract IntroductionRecent shifts in the UK international development and foreign policy landscape have revealed a broader scope for global health security activity across UK funding and policy priorities. A lack of clarity surrounding the governance architecture for the expanding UK health security community has led to a risk of fragmentation within the health, development and foreign policy communities. The study aimed to explore the contemporary governance capacity around the UK health security community through the accounts of its leaders and decision makers. MethodsA qualitative research study was undertaken in the form of once off, semi-structured, in depth interviews with 12 key informants. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used to code the data into themes. These coded transcripts and observations were supported by a review of contemporary literature and policy documentation in order to form a narrative of findings and draw conclusions. ResultsUK global health leaders and decision makers considered the governance architecture of the expanding UK health security community to be of insufficient capacity. The need for stronger governance is essential to make a compelling case for the ongoing political commitment and resourcing of the UK contribution to global health security, and its impact on wider UK global health efforts. ConclusionFindings from this study point to three strategic priorities required in order to strengthen the governance around the UK health security community: 1) Consensus needs to be built around a compelling public narrative for the UK contribution to global health security, 2) an effective model of coordination needs to be built for stakeholders active in the domain and, 3) forums for cross sector engagement and regulation must be created in order to find innovative solutions to these problems that extend beyond the boundaries of a single organisation or community.

Global Governance in Foreign Policy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
International System ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Foreign Policy Analysis ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Social Scientific

Global governance is a story of human agency confronting the existential challenge of the seismic shift in the international system that is called globalization. Neither phenomenon is yet understood sufficiently in academic theory, but if any social scientific practice is best situated to research it to the requisite depth, it is the discipline of foreign policy analysis. The theory and practice of foreign policy making and implementation are bound to undergo a transformation as radical as the international system. This historic process is dissolving the structure of agency that was set by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. The result has been for state and nonstate actors to compensate with a motley assemblage of structural improvisations, which have been complicating international relations, adding multiple levels of agency above and below the classical nation-state. Where this development will ultimately lead is unknown.

scholarly journals KAZAKHSTAN’S NUCLEAR GOVERNANCE AS A FOREIGN POLICY ASSET

2022 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
K. Velichkov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Development ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Free Zone ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Enriched Uranium ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

Kazakhstan’s nonproliferation initiatives are recognized worldwide. Kazakhstan is a party to almost all major nuclear treaties, a key driver in the creation of a Central Asian nuclear-weapon-free zone, initiated the Universal Declaration on Building a World Free of Nuclear Weapons, established a low-enriched uranium bank under the auspices of the IAEA in Ust-Kamenogorsk to be used for peaceful purposes in the event of a disruption in the supply of fuel for nuclear power plants.While the foreign policy acts of Kazakhstan in non-proliferation are well known and internationally appreciated, the transfer of Kazakh experience in the governance of the nuclear sector is lesser known asset. For example, the experience of the Committee for Atomic and Energy Supervision and Control and KAZATOMPROM in uranium mining and transport was shared with countries from the Southern African Development Community, under an EU project, implemented by the International Science and Technology Center. This example reveals the great potential this themes have for the further input of Kazakhstan in international development cooperation.

scholarly journals Hard Currency, Solidarity, and Soft Power: The Motives, Implications, and Lessons of Cuban Health Internationalism

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Baggott ◽  
George Lambie
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Health It ◽  
Emergency Relief ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation

This article explores Cuba’s health assistance and support for other countries. It explores the rationale and motivations for Cuba’s internationalism in health. It then details the various aspects of its health interventions, including emergency relief, strengthening of health systems, treatment programs, training of health professionals, engagement in multilateral cooperation, and biotechnology. The article analyzes the benefits of Cuba’s health internationalism for Cuba and for others. It also explores potential adverse consequences and criticisms of Cuba’s approach. The article concludes by noting that Cuba has been ahead of the game in integrating foreign policy and health policy and that its experience may hold lessons for other countries seeking to develop global health strategies.

Medical Migration and The Global Politics of Equality1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Bradby
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
First Century ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Medical Migration ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Foreign Doctors

Employing doctors and nurses who were trained overseas has been standard practice since the inception of the British National Health Service (NHS) in 1948. However, by the twenty-first century, recruitment of doctors from Africa was being compared with the slave trade in terms of its exploitative and damaging effects: ‘current policies of recruiting doctors from poor countries are a real cause of premature death and untreated disease in those countries and actively contribute to the sum of human misery.’ The assertion that employing foreign doctors was causing poor health in those doctors’ countries of origin was echoed in two reports from global health organisations, which stressed the emigration of skilled healthcare personnel from the sub-Saharan region of Africa as being related to concomitant deterioration in populations ife expectancy and declared a ‘global health workforce crisis.

Capitalising upon Globalisation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Development ◽  
Macroeconomic Policy ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Gordon Brown ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
At Home

Having mapped out in the previous chapter, New Labour’s often contradictory and even ‘politically-convenient’ understanding of globalisation, chapter 3 offers analysis of three key areas of domestic policy that Gordon Brown would later transpose to the realm of international development: (i) macroeconomic policy, (ii) business, and (iii) welfare. Since, according to Brown at least, globalisation had resulted in a blurring of the previously distinct spheres of domestic and foreign policy, it made sense for those strategies and policy decisions designed for consumption at home to be transposed abroad. The focus of this chapter is the design of these three areas of domestic policy; the unmistakeable imprint of Brown in these areas and their place in building of New Labour’s political economy. Strikingly, Brown’s hand in these policies and the themes that underpinned them would again reappear in the international development policies explored in much greater detail later in the book.

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