Assessment of fat-free mass using bioelectrical impedance measurements of the human body

The purpose of this study was to compare the estimates of lean body mass (LBM) and percent body fat (%BF), as predicted by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and sum of skinfolds (SF), with those derived by hydrostatic weighing (HW) obtained before and after a 10-wk diet and exercise regimen. The experimental (E) group consisted of 17 healthy male subjects; 20 healthy males served as the control (C) group. Post hoc Scheffe contrasts computed on E group data indicated that, for both LBM and %BF, the Lukaski and Segal BIA equations, as well as the Durnin SF equation, derived mean values that were not significantly different (0.05 significance level) from HW in both pre- and postregimen conditions. For LBM, the same equations derived the following significant (P less than 0.01) correlation coefficients for both pre- and postregimen data: Lukaski, 0.87 and 0.85; Segal, 0.89 and 0.87; and Durnin, 0.90 and 0.88. For %BF, the correlation coefficients were slightly lower but remained statistically significant (P less than 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that the BIA method, by use of either the Lukaski or Segal prediction equations, is a valid means of predicting changes in human body composition as measured by the Siri transformation of body density.

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Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis to assess human body composition

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/s0271-5317(99)00079-2 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 1179-1188 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sufia Islam ◽

Iqbal Kabir ◽

Mohammad A. Wahed ◽

Michael I. Goran ◽

Dilip Mahalanabis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Human Body ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Impedance Analysis ◽

Human Body Composition

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Rate and Determinants of Excessive Fat-Free Mass Loss After Bariatric Surgery

Obesity Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11695-020-04654-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 3119-3126

Author(s):

Malou A. H. Nuijten ◽

Valerie M. Monpellier ◽

Thijs M. H. Eijsvogels ◽

Ignace M. C. Janssen ◽

Eric J. Hazebroek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Time Course ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Impedance Analysis ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Mixed Model Analysis ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Post Bariatric Surgery

Abstract Purpose Fat-free mass (FFM) loss is a concerning aspect of bariatric surgery, but little is known about its time-course and factors related with excessive FFM loss. This study examined (i) the progress of FFM loss up to 3 years post-bariatric surgery and (ii) the prevalence and determinants of excessive FFM loss. Materials and Methods A total of 3596 patients (20% males, 43.5 ± 11.1 years old, BMI = 44.2 ± 5.5 kg/m2) underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed preoperatively and 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months post-surgery. Changes in body composition were assessed by mixed model analysis. Prevalence of excessive FFM loss (based on three different cutoff values: ≥ 25%, ≥ 30% and ≥ 35% FFM loss/weight loss (= %FFML/WL)) was estimated and its determinants were assessed by linear regression analysis. Results Highest rates of FFM loss were found at 3 and 6 months post-surgery, reflecting 57% and 73% of peak FFM loss, respectively. Prevalence of excessive FFM loss ranged from 14 to 46% at 36 months post-surgery, with an older age (β = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.10–0.18, P < .001), being male (β = 3.99, 95%CI = 2.86–5.12, P < .001), higher BMI (β = 0.13, 95%CI = 0.05–0.20, P = .002) and SG (β = 2.56, 95%CI = 1.36–3.76, P < .001) as determinants for a greater %FFML/WL. Conclusion Patients lost most FFM within 3 to 6 months post-surgery. Prevalence of excessive FFM loss was high, emphasizing the need for more vigorous approaches to counteract FFM loss. Furthermore, future studies should assess habitual physical activity and dietary intake shortly after surgery in relation to FFM loss.

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QT Prolongation in Dialysis Patients: An Epidemiological Study with a Focus on Malnutrition

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000512961 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Masanori Shibata ◽

Isao Ito ◽

Hisae Tawada ◽

Shinkichi Taniguchi

Keyword(s):

Risk Index ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Impedance Analysis ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Qt Prolongation ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Nutritional Risk ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Qtc Interval ◽

Nutritional Risk Index

Background/Aims: QT prolongation is a known risk factor for ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. Therefore, more refined management is necessary to reduce sudden cardiac death secondary to such arrhythmias. Methods: Electrocardiographic findings were reviewed in 224 patients, and the associations of QT prolongation with various clinical parameters were examined, including the nutritional state. Correlations were also examined between QT prolongation and body composition measurements determined by multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results: Prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval over 0.44 s was seen in 140 patients (62.5%). QT prolongation was independent of age and dialysis therapy duration and was more frequent in diabetics (70.1%) than in nondiabetics (54.2%, p = 0.014) and more frequent in women (78.8%) than in men (53.5%, p < 0.001). Serum levels of albumin (p < 0.001) and Cr (p < 0.001) and the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI, p < 0.001) were negatively correlated with QTc interval; no significant correlation was noted with total protein, urea nitrogen, or uric acid. Negative correlations with QTc interval were found for BMI(p < 0.01), percent total body water (%TBW; p < 0.05), and percent intracellular water (%ICW; p < 0.01) but not with the percent extracellular water/TBW ratio or edema ratio. The longer the QTc interval, the lower the fat-free mass (FFM; p < 0.01) and muscle mass (MM; p < 0.01), but there was no significant correlation with percent fat. Conclusion: These results suggest that QT prolongation is a common complication and is more frequent in women and diabetic patients. The decreases in serum albumin and Cr levels, GNRI, BMI, %TBW, %ICW, FFM, and MM together coincided with malnutrition and thus suggest a close relationship of QT prolongation with malnutrition. Management of QT prolongation may be achieved better in the future by understanding these biochemical and biophysical changes, particularly those regarding malnutrition.

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Bioimpedance Vector Patterns according to Age and Handgrip Strength in Adolescent Male and Female Athletes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18116069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 6069

Author(s):

Marcus Vinicius de Oliveira Cattem ◽

Bruna Taranto Sinforoso ◽

Francesco Campa ◽

Josely Correa Koury

Keyword(s):

Female Athletes ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Cell Mass ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Single Frequency ◽

Adolescent Male ◽

Adolescent Athletes ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer

Bioelectric Impedance Vector Analysis (BIVA) can be used to qualitatively compare individuals’ hydration and cell mass independently of predictive equations. This study aimed to analyze the efficiency of BIVA considering chronological age and handgrip strength in adolescent athletes. A total of 273 adolescents (male; 59%) engaged in different sports were evaluated. Bioelectrical impedance (Z), resistance (R), reactance (Xc), and phase angle (PhA) were obtained using a single-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Fat-free mass (FFM) and total body water were estimated using bioimpedance-based equations specific for adolescents. Female showed higher values of R (5.5%, p = 0.001), R/height (3.8%, p = 0.041), Z (5.3%, p = 0.001), and fat mass (53.9%, p = 0.001) than male adolescents. Male adolescents showed higher values of FFM (5.3%, p = 0.021) and PhA (3.1%, p = 0.033) than female adolescents. In both stratifications, adolescents (older > 13 y or stronger > median value) shifted to the left on the R-Xc graph, showing patterns of higher hydration and cell mass. The discrimination of subjects older than 13 years and having higher median of handgrip strength values was possibly due to maturity differences. This study showed that BIVA identified age and strength influence in vector displacement, assessing qualitative information and offering patterns of vector distribution in adolescent athletes.

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Comparison of energy expenditure, body composition, metabolic disorders, and energy intake between obese children with a history of craniopharyngioma and children with multifactorial obesity

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2015-0167 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (11-12) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ilanit Bomer ◽

Carola Saure ◽

Carolina Caminiti ◽

Javier Gonzales Ramos ◽

Graciela Zuccaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Positive Association ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Control Group ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Obese Children ◽

Mass Percentage

AbstractCraniopharyngioma is a histologically benign brain malformation with a fundamental role in satiety modulation, causing obesity in up to 52% of patients.To evaluate cardiovascular risk factors, body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), and energy intake in craniopharyngioma patients and to compare the data with those from children with multifactorial obesity.All obese children and adolescents who underwent craniopharyngioma resection and a control group of children with multifactorial obesity in follow-up between May 2012 and April 2013.Anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance, indirect calorimetry, energy intake, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and dyslipidemia were evaluated.Twenty-three patients with craniopharyngioma and 43 controls were included. Children with craniopharyngioma-related obesity had a lower fat-free mass percentage (62.4 vs. 67.5; p=0.01) and a higher fat mass percentage (37.5 vs. 32.5; p=0.01) compared to those with multifactorial obesity. A positive association was found between %REE and %fat-free mass in subjects with multifactorial obesity (68±1% in normal REE vs. 62.6±1% in low REE; p=0.04), but not in craniopharyngioma patients (62±2.7 in normal REE vs. 61.2±1.8% in low REE; p=0.8). No differences were found in metabolic involvement or energy intake.REE was lower in craniopharyngioma patients compared to children with multifactorial obesity regardless of the amount of fat-free mass, suggesting that other factors may be responsible for the lower REE.

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A specific bioelectrical impedance equation to predict body composition in Turner's syndrome

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-27302010000100005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexis D. Guedes ◽

Bianca Bianco ◽

Mônica V. N. Lipay ◽

Emmanuela Q. Callou ◽

Marise L. Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Impedance Analysis ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

X Ray ◽

Great Consistency ◽

Total Fat ◽

Specific Equation ◽

Standard Error Estimate

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes for Turner syndrome (TS) mortality and the evaluation of its risk factors such as excess body fat and its distribution is considered one of the major aspects of the adult patient care. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a specific bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equation to predict body composition in TS patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Clinical and anthropometric data, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for total fat-free mass (FFM) and BIA for resistance and reactance were obtained from 50 adult TS patients. Linear regression analysis was performed with multiple clinical and BIA data to obtain a predicting equation. RESULTS: The equation developed to estimate FFM in adult TS patients showed great consistency with DXA, elevated correlation (r = 0. 974) and determination (r² = 0. 948) coefficients and an adequate standard error estimate (SEE = 1.52 kg). CONCLUSIONS: The specific equation developed here allowed making an adequate FFM estimate in adult TS patients.

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