scholarly journals Gestational and Postpartum Weight Trajectories Among Women With and Without Asthma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle R Stevens ◽  
William Grobman ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Leah M Lipsky ◽  
Stefanie N Hinkle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Asthma Phenotypes ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
Postpartum Weight ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Weight Trajectories

Abstract Asthma leads to increased weight gain in nonpregnant populations, but studies have not examined this association within the context of pregnancy. This study examines the association between asthma and perinatal weight trajectories in the Breathe - Wellbeing, Environment, Lifestyle, and Lung Function Study (2015-2019). Multilevel linear spline models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, income, marital status, education, cigarette smoking, parity, study site, and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) were used to examine differences in perinatal weight trajectories between women with (n=299) and without (n=101) asthma. Secondary analyses assessed whether associations differed by asthma phenotypes. At 40-weeks gestation, women with asthma gained 16.2 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 14.6, 17.7) kg and women without asthma gained 13.1 (95% CI: 10.9, 15.4) kg. At 3 months postpartum, women with asthma retained 10.4 (95% CI: 8.9, 11.9) kg and women without asthma retained 8.0 (95% CI: 5.9, 10.2) kg. Among women with asthma, exercise-induced asthma and step 3 asthma medications were associated with excess gestational weight gain. This study suggests that women with asthma gain and retain more weight during pregnancy and postpartum than women without asthma.

scholarly journals Associations Among Leisure-Time Physical Activity, Gestational Weight Gain, and Postpartum Weight Retention With Varying Estimates of Prepregnancy Weight

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-510
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Schlaff ◽  
Claudia Holzman ◽  
Kimberly S. Maier ◽  
Karin A. Pfieffer ◽  
James M. Pivarnik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Prepregnancy Weight ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Postpartum Weight

Prospective studies examining postpartum weight retention (PPWR) in relation to the appropriateness of gestational weight gain (GWG) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during pregnancy and postpartum are lacking. While utilizing varying estimates of prepregnancy weight, we sought to prospectively examine associations among the aforementioned variables. Our sample consisted of a subset of women from the Archive for Research on Child Health Study (n = 68). Prepregnancy weight was obtained via questionnaire and birth certificates. GWG (2 estimates) was calculated by subtracting prepregnancy weight estimates from weight at delivery and classified as “excess” or “not excess.” Pregnancy and postpartum LTPA were self-reported and dichotomized at recommended levels. Prepregnancy weight estimates were subtracted from self-reported postpartum weight to calculate 2 estimates of PPWR at 6 months. Linear regression was used to examine relationships among GWG and LTPA, and PPWR. Estimates of excess GWG were associated with increased PPWR (mean difference = 3.3-8.9 kg), even after adjustment for prepregnancy body mass index and breastfeeding. Meeting pregnancy and postpartum LTPA recommendations did not significantly predict PPWR. Our findings highlight the importance of encouraging appropriate GWG and provide insight into the impact varying estimates of prepregnancy weight may have when exploring associations among these variables.

scholarly journals Diet Quality and Weight Outcomes During Pregnancy and Postpartum: Relations with Dietary Restraint and Eating Competence

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1047-1047
Author(s):  
Tonja Nansel ◽  
Leah Lipsky ◽  
Myles Faith
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Eating Competence ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Postpartum Weight

Abstract Objectives Dietary restraint has been associated with greater gestational weight gain, but it is not known whether eating competence – a constellation of contextual skills, positive eating attitudes, food acceptance, and internal regulation – may mitigate this. This study examined associations of eating competence and restraint, and their interaction, with diet quality and weight during pregnancy and postpartum. Methods Participants (n = 292) completed the ecSatter Inventory (eating competence) and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (dietary restraint) in early pregnancy and 6-months postpartum. Pregnancy and postpartum Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI, and adequacy and moderation components) were calculated by pooling 24-hour diet recalls during each pregnancy trimester and during 2, 6, and 12 months postpartum. Linear and logistic regressions examined associations of eating behaviors with diet quality, excessive gestational weight gain, and postpartum weight retention, adjusted for sociodemographic covariates and parity. Multiplicative interaction terms tested the interaction of eating competence and restraint on diet quality and weight outcomes. Results During both pregnancy and postpartum, higher HEI was associated with greater eating competence (b = 0.33 ± 0.09, P < .001 and b = 0.26 ± 0.12, P = .03, respectively) and dietary restraint (b = 2.23 ± 1.00, P < .001 and b = 3.56 ± 1.27, P = .006, respectively). These associations were more consistently observed in adequacy versus moderation components. Eating competence was inversely associated with early pregnancy BMI (b = −0.15 ± 0.04, P = .001) but was not associated with gestational weight gain or postpartum weight retention. Restraint was not associated with weight outcomes. No interaction of eating competence with restraint on diet or weight outcomes was observed. Conclusions These findings suggest positive eating-related skills may be a promising intervention target. While some studies have linked dietary restraint with weight gain, we observed a positive association of restraint with diet quality and no association with weight outcomes. Consistency of these findings across the range of eating competence suggests dietary restraint may not promote obesogenic eating habits during pregnancy and postpartum. Funding Sources This research was supported by the NICHD Intramural Research Program.

scholarly journals Sexual function in Chinese women from pregnancy to postpartum: a multicenter longitudinal prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuxiang Zhang ◽  
Min Shen ◽  
Yaning Zheng ◽  
Shimei Jiao ◽  
Shangxiao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Female Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Partnership Quality ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Postpartum Weight

Abstract Background The aims of our research were as follows: First, to estimate the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction in early, middle, late stages of pregnancy, and postpartum 6 months after delivery. Second, to discuss relevant factors associated with female sexual dysfunction among women in 6 months after delivery in Nanjing, Yangzhou and Huaian Main, China. Methods Our multicenter longitudinal study was carried out from September 2017 to March 2019, with participants recruited from Southeast China: Nanjing, Yangzhou and Huaian. Participants were recruited when they built their Record of Prenatal Care in community hospitals. The online questionnaires included a set of validated tools, sociodemographic information as wells as medical history data. In the meantime, qualitative interviews were conducted during different periods of pregnancy (from the first trimester to the third trimester of pregnancy and following up to six-month postpartum) respectively. All participants have obtained written informed consent. Results By qualitative interview, the vast majority of the participants were inactive in having sex from pregnancy to postpartum. There were negative aspects of sexual experiences, emotional responses closely related to self-attitudes toward sexual behavior during this period. Through quantitative analysis, pre pregnancy BMI (OR = 1.15, P = 0.012), postpartum weight gain (OR = 1.057, P = 0.033) and partnership quality (OR = 1.181, P = 0.04) were associated with postpartum sexual dysfunction 6 months after delivery. Conclusions Women are at the risk of significantly different FSD with regard to pre-pregnancy BMI, postpartum weight gain and partnership quality. The impaired sexual function from pregnancy to postpartum period indicated the requirement for further survey as well as extensive investigation.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic and mental health in women with early gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Yedu Quansah ◽  
Justine Gross ◽  
Leah Gilbert ◽  
Amelie Pauchet ◽  
Antje Horsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
History Of

Abstract Context Early diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM) may reduce adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes, especially in high-risk women. However, there is a lack of data for other outcomes. Objective We compared cardiometabolic and mental health outcomes in women with early (eGDM) and classical (cGDM) GDM. Methods This prospective cohort included 1185 women with cGDM and 76 women with eGDM. eGDM had GDM-risk factors (BMI >30kg/m 2, family history of diabetes, history of GDM, ethnicity), were tested at <20 weeks gestational age and diagnosed using ADA prediabetes criteria. Women underwent lifestyle adaptations. Obstetric, neonatal, mental, cardiometabolic outcomes were assessed during pregnancy and postpartum. Results eGDM had lower gestational weight gain than cGDM (10.7±6.2 vs 12.6±6.4, p=0.03), but needed more medical treatment (66% vs 42%, p<0.001). They had similar rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, except for increased large-for-gestational-age infants (25% vs 15%, p=0.02). Mental health during pregnancy and postpartum did not differ between groups. eGDM had more atherogenic postpartum lipid profile than cGDM (p≤0.001). In eGDM, the postpartum prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was 1.8-times, prediabetes was 3.1-times and diabetes was 7.4-times higher than cGDM (MetS-waist circumference-based: 62% vs 34%/MetS-BMI-based: 46% vs 24%; prediabetes: 47.5% vs 15.3%; diabetes: 11.9% vs 1.6%, all p<0.001). These differences remained unchanged after adjusting for GDM-risk factors. Conclusion Compared to cGDM, eGDM was not associated with differences in mental health, but with increased adverse cardiometabolic outcomes, independent of GDM-risk factors and gestational weight gain. This hints to a pre-existing risk-profile in eGDM.

scholarly journals 3134 Organophosphate pesticide exposure during pregnancy, gestational weight gain and long-term postpartum weight retention

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
Linda G Kahn ◽  
Elise M Philips ◽  
Michiel A van den Dries ◽  
Romy Gaillard ◽  
Susana Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Pesticide Metabolites ◽  
Postpartum Weight

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Little is known about potentially obesogenic endocrine-disruptors’ effects on excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention (PPWR), which increase risk of adverse pregnancy and postnatal outcomes. We explored associations between prenatal organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure and increased weight both during and after pregnancy. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Three dimethyl (DM) and three diethyl (DE) OP metabolites were measured in spot urine samples collected at <18, 18-25, and >25 gestational weeks among 688 participants in the Generation R Study. Metabolite levels were expressed as molar concentration/gram creatinine and log10-transformed. GWG and PPWR were calculated as the difference between weight at each prenatal/postnatal visit or maximum gestational weight and pre-pregnancy weight. In covariate-adjusted regression models we assessed associations of metabolite concentrations at each prenatal visit and, where appropriate, averaged across pregnancy with early-to-mid pregnancy, mid-to-late pregnancy, late pregnancy-to-maximum, and total GWG; insufficient and excessive GWG according to Institute of Medicine guidelines; and long-term PPWR at 6 and 10 years postpartum. Based on OP pesticides’ lipophilicity and association with hypomethylation, we investigated interactions with pre-pregnancy body mass index, periconceptional folic acid supplementation, and breastfeeding duration. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: A 10-fold increase in late pregnancy DE metabolite concentration was associated with 1.34 kg [95% confidence interval: 0.55, 2.12] higher late pregnancy-to-maximum GWG. A 10-fold increase in mean DE metabolite concentration across pregnancy was associated with 2.41 kg [0.62, 4.20] lower PPWR at 6 years. Stratified analysis suggested that the prenatal finding was driven by women with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2, while the postnatal finding was driven by women with pre-pregnancy BMI <25 kg/m2 and with inadequate folic acid supplementation. We found no associations between OP pesticide metabolites and insufficient or excessive weight gain and no interaction with breastfeeding. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: In this longitudinal analysis, we observed a positive association of OP pesticide metabolites with GWG in late pregnancy among overweight/obese women, potentially reflecting inhibition of OP pesticide detoxification by oxidative stress. Postnatally, under/normal weight women with higher OP pesticide metabolites had lower PPWR, possibly due to better metabolic function and a more healthful diet. These results suggest that there may be a critical period during the late phase of pregnancy when OP pesticide exposure may increase GWG, and this association may be amplified in overweight/obese women. Areas for future research include examination of how the interaction between OP pesticides and polymorphisms of the paraoxonase (PON1) gene, which detoxifies OP pesticides, affect GWG/PPWR; exploration of the interplay among maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, oxidative stress, and PON1 levels; and characterization of the variability of OP pesticides exposure across pregnancy using more frequent repeated urine samples.

scholarly journals Limiting Excess Weight Gain in Healthy Pregnant Women: Importance of Energy Intakes, Physical Activity, and Adherence to Gestational Weight Gain Guidelines

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara R. Cohen ◽  
Kristine G. Koski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Postpartum Weight ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Few studies have investigated if compliance with energy intakes, physical activity, and weight gain guidelines attenuate postpartum weight retention (PPWR) in mothers attending prenatal classes. We investigated whether (a) daily energy intakes within 300 kcal of estimated energy requirements (EERs), (b) walking more than 5000 steps/day, (c) targeting the recommended weight gain goals for prepregnancy BMI, and/or (d) achieving weekly or total gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations minimized PPWR in 54 women attending prenatal classes in Montreal/Ottawa, Canada. Participants completed a validated pregnancy physical activity questionnaire (PPAQ), 3 telephone-validated 24-hr dietary recalls, and wore a pedometer for one week. PPWR was measured 6 weeks after delivery. Results showed that 72% had healthy prepregnancy BMIs. However, 52% consumed>300 kcal/day in excess of their EER, 54% exceeded recommended GWG, and more overweight (93%) than normal weight women (38%) cited nonrecommended GWG targets. Following delivery, 33% were classified as overweight, and 17% were obese. Multiple logistic regressions revealed that women targeting “recommended weight gain advice” were 3 times more likely to meet total GWG recommendations (OR: 3.2,P<0.05); women who complied with weekly GWG goals minimized PPWR (OR: 4.2,P<0.02). In conclusion, appropriate GWG targets, lower energy intakes, and physical activity should be emphasized in prenatal education programs.

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