scholarly journals Smoking Behaviors and Arterial Stiffness Measured by Pulse Wave Velocity in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1268-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky Camplain ◽  
Michelle L. Meyer ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Priya Palta ◽  
Sunil K. Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Smoking Behaviors ◽  
Aric Study

Abstract P024: Associations Between Carotid-femoral And Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity In Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Pagan Lassalle ◽  
Michelle L Meyer ◽  
Kevin S Heffernan ◽  
Adam W Kiefer ◽  
Lauren C Bates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Simple Alternative ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Screening Device ◽  
Aric Study

Background: Carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), the gold-standard measure of aortic stiffness, is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Most cfPWV measurements depend on technical proficiency, which limit broader implementation in clinical settings. Recently, an estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) measure derived from age and mean arterial pressure (MAP) has been shown to be associated with the risk of CVD events and all-cause mortality and may be a simple alternative to cfPWV. However, ePWV is poorly predictive in non-White individuals, possibly because it was originally developed from European Cohorts. Consequently, our purpose was to: estimate the strength of association between cfPWV and ePWV, and determine whether agreement is consistent across race. Hypothesis: cfPWV and ePWV are in good agreement and association would be consistent across race. Methods: We included Black and White older adults (n= 4,478; 75.2 [5.0] years) from visit 5 (2011-13) of the community-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC). cfPWV was measured using an automated cardiovascular screening device. ePWV was calculated as presented in Fig 1. Association between cfPWV and ePWV was determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) and Bland-Altman plots. Results: As reported in Fig 1, there was a weak (r=0.35) correlation between cfPWV and ePWV for the total population, with similar correlations when stratified by Blacks (r=0.31) and Whites (r=0.36). Bland-Altman plots indicated significant systematic differences between cfPWV and ePWV (-0.17 m/s, 95% confidence interval: -0.25 to -0.09 m/s, P <.001), which was consistent by race. Conclusion: In older adults, there was weak correlation between cfPWV and ePWV and systematic differences in agreement. Our results do not support ePWV as a surrogate measure of cfPWV in a sample of older White and Black adults.

scholarly journals Correlates of Segmental Pulse Wave Velocity in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Meyer ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Priya Palta ◽  
Susan Cheng ◽  
Natalia Gouskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Aric Study

Abstract P336: Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose are Associated with Pulse Wave Velocity in Older Adults: the ARIC Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura R Loehr ◽  
Michelle Snyder ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin ◽  
Priya Palta ◽  
James Pankow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aric Study

Introduction: Arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) predicts cardiovascular disease and mortality. Diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) have been related to arterial stiffness in smaller studies. We assessed whether diabetes and impaired fasting glucose are associated with greater arterial stiffness measured by PWV in older adults, and to evaluate gender as a modifier. Methods: PWV data on 5,147 men and women with mean age of 75.5 years (range 66-90) examined in 2011-2013 by the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study were analyzed. Diabetes was defined as fasting glucose >126 mg/dl or on hypoglycemic agents and IFG as non-diabetics with fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dl. Technicians measured carotid-femoral (cfPWV) and brachial-ankle (baPWV) velocities at least twice using the Omron VP-1000 plus system (Colin Co., Ltd., Komaki, Japan). The mean of the last two available measurements was used. The path length for cfPWV was calculated by: path length (cm) = carotid to femoral distance (cm) - (suprasternal notch - carotid distance (cm)). Path length for baPWV was automatically calculated using height-based formulas. Multivariable linear regression was used to model the cross-sectional association between diabetes status and PWV. The multivariable association of age categories with PWV was evaluated for comparison to the effect size of diabetes. Results: Participants were 57% female, 20% African-American, and 73% hypertensive. Among them 1,354 had diabetes (26%) and 2,295 (45%) had impaired fasting glucose. After adjustment for age, race-center, gender, heart rate, hypertension, BMI, and smoking status (current, former and never), cfPWV was 87 cm/s higher on average for those with diabetes, and 21 cm/s higher for those with IFG, as compared to those free of diabetes or IFG. In comparison, a 4 year increase in age (after multivariable adjustment) was associated with 64 cm/s higher cfPWV among non-smokers without diabetes. Estimates for baPWV were smaller than those for cfPWV but showed a similar pattern. There was no significant interaction by gender (P >0.1). Conclusion: Diabetes and impaired fasting glucose are both associated with arterial stiffness in older adults. We estimate that the magnitude of the cross-sectional effect of diabetes on arterial stiffness is equivalent to 4 years of arterial aging.

scholarly journals Associations between carotid-femoral and heart-femoral pulse wave velocity in older adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities study

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1786-1793
Author(s):  
Lee Stoner ◽  
Michelle L. Meyer ◽  
Anna Kucharska-Newton ◽  
Keeron Stone ◽  
Gabriel Zieff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk

Abstract P132: Time Since Smoking Cessation and Pulse Wave Velocity: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky L Camplain ◽  
Michelle L Snyder ◽  
Priya Palta ◽  
Hanyu Ni ◽  
Kenneth R Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Aric Study

Cigarette smoking is a preventable cause of cardiovascular disease and is associated with arterial stiffening among young adults. While smoking cessation lowers the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, evidence for a relationship between time since smoking cessation and arterial stiffness is limited in older adults. We assessed the association of smoking status and time since smoking cessation with arterial stiffness, measured by carotid-femoral (cfPWV) and brachial-ankle (baPWV) pulse wave velocity, conditional on intensity and duration of exposure to smoking (pack-years). Analyses included 1,996 men and 2,767 women aged 67 to 90 years examined in the ARIC study in 2011-2013. Smoking status was ascertained at all five ARIC examinations and during annual telephone interviews. Information on age at initiation of smoking, smoking intensity and duration were also collected. Pack-years were calculated as the product of the average number of cigarettes smoked per day and years smoked divided by 20. Two measures of baPWV and cfPWV were obtained then averaged. Multivariable linear regression was used to estimate the association between smoking status and time since smoking cessation with PWV by gender, adjusted for age, hypertension, body mass index (BMI), and heart rate. Estimates of the association between smoking cessation and PWV were further adjusted for pack-years. Among women, former smokers and current smokers had a lower baPWV when compared to never smokers [β = -40.9 (95% confidence interval (CI): -64.2, -17.6) and β = -119.7 (95%CI: -168.7, -70.7), respectively]. Similar patterns were observed for cfPWV; however, the relationship was only significant among former smokers [β = -25.3 (95%CI: -48.0, -2.5)]. Association of smoking status and PWV was not significant in men. Among men who were former smokers there was a negative and significant association between smoking cessation and cfPWV [β = -1.4 (-2.7, -0.4)]; however, this same relationship was not observed for baPWV. BMI modified the association between smoking cessation and PWV in women. Time since smoking cessation was positively associated with PWV in women with a BMI <25 kg/m 2 [baPWV: β = 3.8 (95%CI: 1.2, 6.5); cfPWV: β = 2.5 (0.3, 4.7)], but not in women with a BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 . In these cross-sectional analyses, ever smokers had lower PWV compared to never smokers among older women, but not among older men. Greater time since smoking cessation was positively associated with arterial stiffness among normal or underweight women, but not among women who were overweight or obese, or among men. Accounting for cumulative exposure to smoking over the life course, gender-specific and arterial segment-specific patterns were observed in the association between time since smoking cessation and arterial stiffness measured in community-dwelling older adults, as well as a modification of these associations by excess weight among women.

Abstract P347: Associations Between Carotid-femoral and Heart-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Stoner ◽  
Michelle Meyer ◽  
Anna Kucharska-newton ◽  
Keeron Stone ◽  
Simon Fryer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Aric Study ◽  
Good Agreement

Introduction: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is widely used in clinical and epidemiological studies to assess central arterial stiffness and predict cardiovascular outcomes. However, cfPWV assessments require applanation of the carotid artery, which may be challenging in some patients, and assessments may be confounded in the presence of carotid artery plaque. Further, since cfPWV is not consistent with the path of blood flow, the measure is adjusted according to an assumed timing of the pressure wave traveling in the opposite direction. Therefore, we hypothesize that heart-femoral PWV (hfPWV) could be a simpler measure of central arterial stiffness that is consistent with the path of blood flow. Objective: To estimate the strength of the association between hfPWV and cfPWV. Methods: We evaluated 4,476 older-aged (75.2 y [SD: 5.0]) adults in the community-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. cfPWV and hfPWV were measured using an automated cardiovascular screening device (Omron VP-1000plus) equipped with an electrocardiogram, a phonocardiogram, and 2 applanation tonometry sensors attached to carotid and femoral arteries. Agreement between the two measurements was determined by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the standard error of estimate (SEE). We considered ICC value estimates of <0.5, 0.5-0.75, 0.75-0.9, and >0.9 as, respectively, poor, moderate, good, and excellent agreement. The SEE represents the average distance that the observed values fall from the regression line. Smaller values indicate that the observations are closer to the fitted line. The uniformity of error was assessed by visual analysis of regression plot. Results: There was ‘good’ agreement between hfPWV and cfPWV (ICC = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.82, 0.84). While the mean cfPWV (11.6 m/s [SD: 3.0]) and hfPWV (11.5 m/s [SD: 2.3]) were comparable, the SEE was 1.3 (95%CI: 1.27, 1.33) m/s. Inspection of the regression plot revealed bias, with higher PWV further away from the regression line. Conclusions: The current findings suggest good agreement between cfPWV and hfPWV, indicating that hfPWV may be a suitable alternative to cfPWV. Since hfPWV does not require applanation of the carotid artery, the measurement is easier to conduct and may be particularly suited for use in individuals for whom applanation of the carotid artery is challenging.

scholarly journals Repeatability of Central and Peripheral Pulse Wave Velocity Measures: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Meyer ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Priya Palta ◽  
Mehul D. Patel ◽  
Ricky Camplain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Peripheral Pulse ◽  
Aric Study

Abstract P048: Segment-Specific Pulse Wave Velocity and Subclinical Cardiac Overload and Damage in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuiqing Liu ◽  
Esther Kim ◽  
Aozhou Wu ◽  
Michelle L Meyer ◽  
Susan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers

Background: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) independently predicts cardiovascular disease. However, few studies simultaneously explored the associations of segment-specific PWV measures with markers of both cardiac overload (natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]) and damage (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T [hs-cTnT]) among adults without cardiac disease. Methods: We examined 2,845 whites and blacks (67-90 years) without clinical history of cardiac disease during ARIC visit 5 (2011-13). The association of PWV quartiles (cf [carotid-femoral], hc [heart-carotid], hf [heart-femoral], ha [heart-ankle], ba [brachial-ankle], and fa [femoral-ankle]) with log-transformed NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT was evaluated using linear and logistic regression models to adjust for potential confounders. Results: Most PWV measures demonstrated J- or U-shaped associations with NTpro-BNP and hs-cTnT [Figure]. The highest vs. the second lowest quartile of central PWV measures (cfPWV, hfPWV, and hcPWV) was associated with higher levels of NT-proBNP independently of demographic characteristics. The associations were weaker for hs-cTnT. These associations were attenuated after further adjustment, but hcPWV and NT-proBNP remained borderline significant (p=0.069). haPWV, baPWV, and faPWV including peripheral elements had less evident positive associations after adjusting for traditional risk. Conclusion: The positive associations between PWV and cardiac biomarkers were stronger for central vs. peripheral arterial stiffness and for NT-proBNP vs. hs-cTnT among older adults without prevalent cardiac disease. Our findings indicate the relative importance of central arterial stiffness behind subclinical cardiac overload.

scholarly journals Short-Term Prognostic Impact of Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults Without Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease

Hypertension ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther D. Kim ◽  
Shoshana H. Ballew ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Gerardo Heiss ◽  
Josef Coresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Bottom Quartile ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Arterial stiffness, represented as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD). In older populations, however, this association seems attenuated. Moreover, the prognostic values of pulse wave velocity at different arterial segments and newer parameters like cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) remain unclear, especially in US older adults. In 3034 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants (66–90 years) without CVD, we examined the associations of 4 pulse wave velocity measures (cfPWV, heart-femoral, brachial-ankle, heart-ankle) and 2 new measures of arterial stiffness (CAVI and cardio-femoral vascular index derived from heart-ankle and heart-femoral, respectively) with incident CVD (coronary disease, stroke, and heart failure) and all-cause mortality. Over a median follow-up of 4.4 years, there were 168 incident CVD events and 244 deaths. Overall, stiffness measures did not show strong associations with CVD, except cfPWV, which demonstrated a J-shaped association even after adjusting for potential confounders (hazard ratio, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.08–3.09] in top quartile and 1.97 [1.14–3.39] in bottom quartile versus second bottom quartile). When each CVD was examined separately, heart failure was most robustly associated with higher cfPWV, and stroke was strongly associated with lower cfPWV. There were no significant associations with all-cause mortality. Among different measures of pulse wave velocity, cfPWV showed the strongest associations with CVD, especially heart failure, in older adults without CVD. Other pulse wave velocity measures had no strong associations. Our findings further support cfPWV as the index measure of arterial stiffness and the link of arterial stiffness to heart failure development but also suggest somewhat limited prognostic value of arterial stiffness in older adults overall.

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