TP6.2.26 Innovations Towards Achieving Environmentally Sustainable Operating Theatres: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Perry ◽  
Nicola Reeves ◽  
Fiona Brennan ◽  
Daniel Morris ◽  
Jared Torkington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Anaesthetic Gases ◽  
Operating Theatres ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The NHS accounts for 5.4% of the UK’s total carbon foot print, with the perioperative environment being the most resource hungry aspect of the hospital. The aim of this systematic review was to assimilate the published studies concerning the sustainability of the perioperative environment, focusing on the impact of implemented interventions. Methods A systematic review was performed using Pubmed, OVIC, Embase, Cochrane database of systematic reviews and Medline. Original manuscripts describing interventions aimed at improving operating theatre environmental sustainability were included. Results 648 abstracts were screened with 33 manuscripts included. Studies were divided into broad themes; recycling and waste management, waste reduction, reuse, reprocessing or life cycle analysis, energy and resource reduction and anaesthetic gases. This review summarises the interventions identified and their resulting effects on theatre sustainability. Discussion This systematic review has identified simple, yet highly effective interventions across a variety of themes that can lead to improved environmental sustainability of surgical operating theatres. Combining these interventions will likely result in a synergistic improvement to the environmental impact of surgery.

scholarly journals The Impact of Environmental Sustainability Labels on Willingness-to-Pay for Foods: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Discrete Choice Experiments

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2677
Author(s):  
Anastasios Bastounis ◽  
John Buckell ◽  
Jamie Hartmann-Boyce ◽  
Brian Cook ◽  
Sarah King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiments ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
The Impact

Food production is a major contributor to environmental damage. More environmentally sustainable foods could incur higher costs for consumers. In this review, we explore whether consumers are willing to pay (WTP) more for foods with environmental sustainability labels (‘ecolabels’). Six electronic databases were searched for experiments on consumers’ willingness to pay for ecolabelled food. Monetary values were converted to Purchasing Power Parity dollars and adjusted for country-specific inflation. Studies were meta-analysed and effect sizes with confidence intervals were calculated for the whole sample and for pre-specified subgroups defined as meat-dairy, seafood, and fruits-vegetables-nuts. Meta-regressions tested the role of label attributes and demographic characteristics on participants’ WTP. Forty-three discrete choice experiments (DCEs) with 41,777 participants were eligible for inclusion. Thirty-five DCEs (n = 35,725) had usable data for the meta-analysis. Participants were willing to pay a premium of 3.79 PPP$/kg (95%CI 2.7, 4.89, p ≤ 0.001) for ecolabelled foods. WTP was higher for organic labels compared to other labels. Women and people with lower levels of education expressed higher WTP. Ecolabels may increase consumers’ willingness to pay more for environmentally sustainable products and could be part of a strategy to encourage a transition to more sustainable diets.

scholarly journals The Effects of Environmental Sustainability Labels on Selection, Purchase, and Consumption of Food and Drink Products: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 001391652199547
Author(s):  
Christina Potter ◽  
Anastasios Bastounis ◽  
Jamie Hartmann-Boyce ◽  
Cristina Stewart ◽  
Kerstin Frie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
Environmental Labels

This review assessed the effects of environmental labels on consumers’ demand for more sustainable food products. Six electronic databases were searched for experimental studies of ecolabels and food choices. We followed standard Cochrane methods and results were synthesized using vote counting. Fifty-six studies ( N = 42,768 participants, 76 interventions) were included. Outcomes comprised selection ( n = 14), purchase ( n = 40) and consumption ( n = 2). The ecolabel was presented as text ( n = 36), logo ( n = 13) or combination ( n = 27). Message types included: organic ( n = 25), environmentally sustainable ( n = 27), greenhouse gas emissions ( n = 17), and assorted “other” message types ( n = 7). Ecolabels were tested in actual ( n = 15) and hypothetical ( n = 41) environments. Thirty-nine studies received an unclear or high RoB rating. Sixty comparisons favored the intervention and 16 favored control. Ecolabeling with a variety of messages and formats was associated with the selection and purchase of more sustainable food products.

scholarly journals Coronavirus infection in neonates: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. fetalneonatal-2020-319837
Author(s):  
Daniele Trevisanuto ◽  
Francesco Cavallin ◽  
Maria Elena Cavicchiolo ◽  
Martina Borellini ◽  
Serena Calgaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spontaneous Breathing ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo summarise currently reported neonatal cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsA search strategy was designed to retrieve all articles published from 1 December 2019 to 12 May 2020, by combining the terms ‘coronavirus’ OR ‘covid’ OR ‘SARS-CoV-2’) AND (‘neonat*’ OR ‘newborn’) in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedRxiv, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review and the WHO COVID-19 database, with no language restrictions. Quality of studies was evaluated by using a specific tool for assessment of case reports and/or case series.ResultsTwenty-six observational studies (18 case reports and 8 case series) with 44 newborns with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in the final analysis. Studies were mainly from China and Italy. Half of neonates had a documented contact with the infected mother and one out of three infected neonates was admitted from home. Median age at diagnosis was 5 days. One out of four neonates was asymptomatic, and the remaining showed mild symptoms typical of acute respiratory infections and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. The majority of neonates were left in spontaneous breathing (room air) and had good prognosis after a median duration of hospitalisation of 10 days.ConclusionsMost neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infection were asymptomatic or presented mild symptoms, generally were left in spontaneous breathing and had a good prognosis after median 10 days of hospitalisation. Large epidemiological and clinical cohort studies, as well as the implementation of collaborative networks, are needed to improve the understanding of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates.

scholarly journals Effective Interventions to Promote the Mental Health of Caregivers of Patients with Breast Cancer - A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 1715-1722
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Zeynab Hossein Nezhad ◽  
Forouzan Elyasi ◽  
Noraddin Mousavinasab ◽  
Elahe Samami ◽  
Zohreh Shahhosseini
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Psychological Dimension ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Jadad Scale ◽  
The Impact

Breast cancer is one of the most important health problems in Iran and the world, which accounts for about one third of all gynaecological cancers and is the second most common cancer after lung cancer and the most common cause of cancer mortality among women. Considering the extent of the impact of breast cancer in all physical, psychological, and social dimensions on the patient and her caregivers, the purpose of this study is to review the effective interventions in promoting the mental health of breast cancer caregivers. A systematic review study with a comprehensive search of Internet sites, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Elsevier, Springer, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Iranian databases such as Scientific Information Database (SID) and Magiran was conducted using the keywords intervention, promotion, mental health, caregivers, and breast cancer. A total of 28,188 related articles without year limit and 8 articles were obtained manually. Then, out of these articles, 27,964 articles were excluded due to duplication, 119 articles due to non - relevance, 94 articles were in the screening stage of abstracts and 13 articles in the full text review stage, and finally, the quality of 6 experimental and semi - experimental clinical trial studies was evaluated using Jadad scale. Interventions in effective studies in promoting mental health of caregivers of patients with breast cancer include education, support package, psychosocial intervention, and motivational interview. The results of studies showed that all interventions improved the quality of life, reduced the burden of care and positive changes in the psychological dimension of caregivers. Also, four studies based on Jadad scale were of good quality. According to the results of the present study, which is based on the effect of all interventions on positive changes in the psychological dimension of caregivers' lives, and due to the fact that the number of studies in this field was limited and out of 6 studies, 4 studies were of good quality, it seems more and better studies are needed in order to access stronger evidence to implement effective interventions in promoting the mental health of caregivers of breast cancer patients. KEY WORDS Interventions, Promotion, Mental Health, Caregivers, Breast Cancer

scholarly journals Qual é o Impacto da Redução da Ingestão de Sal na Pressão Arterial? Análise da Revisão Sistemática Cochrane “Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure. He FJ, Li J, Macgregor GA. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Apr 30;4:CD004937.

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Daniel Caldeira ◽  
António Vaz-Carneiro ◽  
João Costa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Salt Reduction ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
The Impact

In the present article we evaluate and comment the systematic review from Cochrane Collaboration “Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Apr 30;4:CD004937”.Clinical Question: What is the impact of long-term (≥ 4 weeks) modest salt (sodium chloride) reduction on arterial blood pressure?Conclusions: This systematic review concluded that a moderate reduction in salt intake (mean reduction -4.4 g per day) resulted in statistically significant decreases in blood pressure (BP) that may be helpful in normotensive (-2.42 mmHg systolic BP; -1.00 mmHg diastolic BP) and hypertensive patients (-5.39 mmHg systolic BP; -2.82 mmHg diastolic BP). There were slight increases in physiological plasma renin activity, aldosterone and norepinephrine, without significant changes in lipid profile.

Population Displacement and Sustainable Development: The Significance of Environmental Sustainability in Refugee–Host Relationships in the Congo−Brazzaville Crises

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evarist Anu Mbakem
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Political Factions ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Congo Brazzaville ◽  
The Impact

The Republic of Congo experienced repeated outbreaks of armed conflicts between militiamen affiliated to three main political factions, which affected the socioeconomic fabrics of the Congolese society until late 2000. This paper examines the socioeconomic and environmental impact of interactions between the local population and forcibly displaced people from an environmental sustainability perspective. The findings hold that the impact of repeated political violence and associated livelihoods insecurity escalated resentment towards refugees regarded by some members of the local population as scroungers, despite their visible contribution toward innovative community projects. It is also shown here that although refugees’ livelihoods initiatives were environmentally sustainable, institutional disregard and misrepresentations enhanced misleading interpretations and subjectivities. It is proposed therefore that environmental sustainability is one of the key ingredients in refugee−host relations.

Effective interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to address participation for adults with aphasia: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 030802262110578
Author(s):  
Anne A Escher ◽  
Sarah McKinnon ◽  
Sue Berger
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Appraisal Tool

Introduction Occupational therapists work with clients with impaired communication to re-engage in valued occupations. This systematic review seeks to answer the question: What are effective interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to address participation for adults with aphasia? Method A systematic review of the literature was completed using PubMed, PsychInfo, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and OT Seeker databases. Intervention studies within the scope of occupational therapy practice with a participation outcome, and published in peer reviewed journals from 2000 to 2019, were included. The quality of each study was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings Thirteen articles fit the inclusion criteria. Categories of interventions that emerged from the data include community-based groups, individually tailored programs, adaptation/presentation of materials, interprofessional interventions, and psychoeducation. Conclusion There is evidence to support the use of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to increase participation for people with aphasia. Specifically, the use of community-based groups and adaptation of materials are effective to facilitate participation. Most of the studies were pre-post one group design; however, they demonstrated positive results for participation outcomes. More research is needed on people with aphasia that focuses on participation in meaningful occupations.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL LAND RESOURCES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodorina Turlakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Sustainability Criteria ◽  
The Impact

Agriculture is a sector where the impact of climate change leads to high risk and vulnerability in the activities of farmers. The negative effects are reflected in the direction of changes in agricultural land, decrease in productivity, soil erosion, salinization, deterioration of crop conditions and others. Solving such problems is a challenge for farmers trying to balance the need to produce enough food and the negative effects of using farmland in an environmentally sustainable way. The purpose of this report is to identify the main features of the concept of environmental sustainability in the use of land resources, to derive the basic sustainability criteria, and to analyze the state of land resources on the basis of substantiated criteria.

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