scholarly journals Coronavirus infection in neonates: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. fetalneonatal-2020-319837
Author(s):  
Daniele Trevisanuto ◽  
Francesco Cavallin ◽  
Maria Elena Cavicchiolo ◽  
Martina Borellini ◽  
Serena Calgaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spontaneous Breathing ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo summarise currently reported neonatal cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsA search strategy was designed to retrieve all articles published from 1 December 2019 to 12 May 2020, by combining the terms ‘coronavirus’ OR ‘covid’ OR ‘SARS-CoV-2’) AND (‘neonat*’ OR ‘newborn’) in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedRxiv, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review and the WHO COVID-19 database, with no language restrictions. Quality of studies was evaluated by using a specific tool for assessment of case reports and/or case series.ResultsTwenty-six observational studies (18 case reports and 8 case series) with 44 newborns with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in the final analysis. Studies were mainly from China and Italy. Half of neonates had a documented contact with the infected mother and one out of three infected neonates was admitted from home. Median age at diagnosis was 5 days. One out of four neonates was asymptomatic, and the remaining showed mild symptoms typical of acute respiratory infections and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. The majority of neonates were left in spontaneous breathing (room air) and had good prognosis after a median duration of hospitalisation of 10 days.ConclusionsMost neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infection were asymptomatic or presented mild symptoms, generally were left in spontaneous breathing and had a good prognosis after median 10 days of hospitalisation. Large epidemiological and clinical cohort studies, as well as the implementation of collaborative networks, are needed to improve the understanding of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates.

scholarly journals Characteristics of COVID-19 recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies reported the recurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among discharge patients. This study aimed to examine the characteristic of COVID-19 recurrence cases by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed and Embase and gray literature up to September 17, 2020. A random-effects model was applied to obtain the pooled prevalence of disease recurrence among recovered patients and the prevalence of subjects underlying comorbidity among recurrence cases. The other characteristics were calculated based on the summary data of individual studies.ResultsA total of 41 studies were included in the final analysis, we have described the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 recurrence cases. Of 3,644 patients recovering from COVID-19 and being discharged, an estimate of 15% (95% CI, 12% to 19%) patients was re-positive with SARS-CoV-2 during the follow-up. This proportion was 14% (95% CI, 11% to 17%) for China and 31% (95% CI, 26% to 37%) for Korea. Among recurrence cases, it was estimated 39% (95% CI, 31% to 48%) subjects underlying at least one comorbidity. The estimates for times from disease onset to admission, from admission to discharge, and from discharge to RNA positive conversion were 4.8, 16.4, and 10.4 days, respectively.ConclusionThis study summarized up-to-date evidence from case reports, case series, and observational studies for the characteristic of COVID-19 recurrence cases after discharge. It is recommended to pay attention to follow-up patients after discharge, even if they have been in quarantine.

scholarly journals Vasculitis induced by biological agents used in rheumatology practice: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila da Silva Cendon Duran ◽  
Adriane Souza da Paz ◽  
Mittermayer Barreto Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Infusion Reaction ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objectives: Biological medications have been used with an increasing frequency to treat rheumatological diseases. Autoimmune events can be induced by these drugs, such as psoriasiform lesions, alopecia, lupus and, vasculitis, which more often affects the skin (small-sized vessels) and eventually other organs. In this review, we describe the clinical profile of patients with vasculitis induced by the main biological agents used in rheumatology. Patients and methods: We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The PubMed database was used for searching eligible articles. We included case reports, case series, and letter to the editor of patients on anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF-a) molecules, as well as tocilizumab, ustekinumab, secukinumab, rituximab, and abatacept, who had vasculitis induced by these agents. Results: Eighty-one articles were included for final analysis (n=89). Twenty-seven patients were using infliximab, 20 adalimumab, 18 etanercept, seven secukinumab, four certolizumab, four rituximab, three golimumab, three ustekinumab, two abatacept, and one tocilizumab. Unspecific leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) was the most common type of vasculitis (n=37), followed by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)- associated vasculitis (n=16). The medication was replaced with another biological molecule in 23 cases, with only four relapses. In six cases, the biological was maintained, but vasculitis worsened/persisted in one case, being necessary drug removal. Conclusion: Infections, infusion reaction, cancer, and autoimmune events are well-known side effects of biological therapy. This review demonstrates that vasculitis is another adverse effect of this type of therapy, particularly the anti-TNF-a molecules, and LCV the most reported type of vasculitis.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. flgastro-2020-101529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony K Akobeng ◽  
Ciaran Grafton-Clarke ◽  
Ibtihal Abdelgadir ◽  
Erica Twum-Barimah ◽  
Morris Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestations ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

ObjectivesTo summarise the published evidence on the gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 in children and to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and the WHO’s database of publications on novel coronavirus. We included English language studies that had described original demographic and clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with COVID-19 and reported on the presence or absence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model. The pooled prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms was expressed as proportion and 95% CI.ResultsThe search identified 269 citations. Thirteen studies (nine case series and four case reports) comprising data for 284 patients were included. Overall, we rated four studies as having a low risk of bias, eight studies as moderate and one study as high risk of bias. In a meta-analysis of nine studies, comprising 280 patients, the pooled prevalence of all gastrointestinal symptoms was 22.8% (95% CI 13.1% to 35.2%; I2=54%). Diarrhoea was the most commonly reported gastrointestinal symptom followed by vomiting and abdominal pain.ConclusionsNearly a quarter of children with COVID-19 have gastrointestinal symptoms. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the gastrointestinal manifestation of COVID-19.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020177569.

scholarly journals Intranasal corticosteroids do not affect intraocular pressure or lens opacity: a systematic review of controlled trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-302
Author(s):  
N. Ahmadi ◽  
K. Snidvongs ◽  
L. Kalish ◽  
R. Sacks ◽  
K. Tumuluri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Lens Opacity ◽  
Systemic Absorption ◽  
Intranasal Corticosteroids ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Impact

Background: Intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) are prescribed for the long-term prophylactic treatment of inflammatory upper airway conditions. Although some systemic absorption can occur via topical routes, the clinical relevance is controversial. The effects of orally administered corticosteroids on intraocular pressure (IOP) and lens opacity (LO) are well established, but the impact of the INCS is less well defined. This study aims to systematically review the literature for evidence of adverse occular events with INCS use. Methodology: A systematic review of literature from Medline and Embase databases (January 1974 to 21st of November 2013) was performed. Using the PRISMA guidelines, all controlled clinical trials of patients using INCS, that reported original measures of IOP, LO, glaucoma or cataract incidences were included. Studies with adjuvant administration of oral, inhaled and intravenous steroids were excluded. Results: 665 articles were retrieved with 137 were considered for full-text review. Of these, 116 (85%) were literature reviews and two were case reports. 19 studies (10 RCTs, 1 case-control, 8 case series) were included for the qualitative review, of which 18 reported data on IOP and 10 on cataract/LO. None (n=0) of the 10 RCT reporting data on glaucoma or IOP demonstrated changes in IOP compared to control. Also none (n=0) of the 6 RCTs reporting cataract or lens opacity demonstrated changes compared to control. Conclusion: Data from studies with low levels of bias, do not demonstrate a clinically relevant impact of INCS on neither ocular pressure, glaucoma, lens opacity nor cataract formation.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the neglect of non-COVID patients amidst COVID pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Mishra ◽  
◽  
Amborish Nath ◽  
Surbhi Sharma ◽  
Ajit Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
P Value ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

The rapidly evolving health concern for COVID-19 has considerably overshadowed the non-COVID ailments. Ranging from delays in diagnosis and treatment, neglect of mild-moderate diseases resulting into their progression, adverse pregnancy outcomes and many others, an array of the collateral damage of this pandemic is still evolving. We have performed this systematic review about the impact of COVID pandemic on patients suffering from other ailments. Our search was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane and Google scholar databases. We included systematic reviews and meta- analysis, and randomized controlled trials, observational studies, case series and case reports to ensure comprehensiveness of our search. We excluded abstract only articles, news articles, the non-scientific commentaries and reports from the review. Primary outcome was assessment of the impact of COVID pandemic on non-COVID diseases and management strategies for tackling the same. This review showed that this crisis has resulted into a significant delay in routine diagnostic procedures and workup with p value < 0.00001 (OR of 0.36; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.55). The highest impacts will be seen with preexisting major health priorities like HIV, tuberculosis, malignancy, various non-communicable diseases, reproductive and child health. The chief culprits for this include inadequate supplies of medicines, healthcare staff, diagnostics and other technologies. Expansion of the health care workforce, enhanced health financing and supply chain resilience can help us override this pandemic. Hence, the intersection of COVID-19 with other non- COVID ailments can have drastic effects. To minimize this surplus morbidity and mortality, we need to adopt comprehensive strategies and maintain the momentum even after this pandemic is surpassed. Keywords: COVID-19; neglect; non-COVID; non-communicable diseases; communicable diseases; management.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Cardiovascular Manifestations and Outcomes in the Setting of Coronavirus-19 Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samarthkumar Thakkar ◽  
Shilpkumar Arora ◽  
Ashish Kumar ◽  
Rahul Jaswaney ◽  
Mohammed Faisaluddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Myocardial Infection ◽  
The Impact

The impact of coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19), has been profound. Though COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system, it has also been associated with a wide range of cardiovascular (CV) manifestations portending extremely poor prognosis. The principal hypothesis for CV involvement is through direct myocardial infection and systemic inflammation. We conducted a systematic review of the current literature to provide a foundation for understanding the CV manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19. PubMed and EMBASE databases were electronically searched from the inception of the databases through April 27th, 2020. A second literature review was conducted to include major trials and guidelines that were published after the initial search but before submission. The inclusion criteria for studies to be eligible were case reports, case series, and observation studies reporting CV outcomes among patients with COVID-19 infection. This review of the current COVID-19 disease and CV outcomes literature revealed a myriad of CV manifestations with potential avenues for treatment and prevention. Future studies are required to understand on a more mechanistic level the effect of COVID-19 on the myocardium and thus provide avenues to improve mortality and morbidity.

scholarly journals Cost of Oral Cancer: Protocol for a Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
REJANE FARIA RIBEIRO-ROTTA ◽  
Eduardo Antônio Rosa ◽  
Vanessa Milani ◽  
Nadielle Rodrigues Dias ◽  
Daniele Masterson Tavares Pereira Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Rehabilitation Care ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Cancer care is among the costliest in the social sphere. Oral cancer (OC) is a chronic disease whose incidence has been growing worldwide. The lack of economic evaluation studies assessing the economic impact of OC, as well as the need to search for evidence of the economic burden of OC motivated this investigation. This study aims to collect evidence on the cost of OC (lip cancer - LC, oral cavity cancer - OCC and oropharyngeal cancer - OPC) worldwide. Methods: A systematic review will be conducted take into consideration any perspective. The primary outcome will be the costs related to oral cancer in patients, reported in monetary units. Specific breakdown of costs will be reported (direct hospital costs, rehabilitation care costs, direct non-healthcare costs, indirect costs and productivity loss, and intangible costs). SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE and BVS databases will be searched. Original studies on cost of OC that assess its cost based on components as: hospital and/or outpatient, promotion and prevention will be included. It will be excluded types of study such as: editorial, letters, reviews, case reports, case series, clinical trials, studies that address specific analysis, such as cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, cost-benefit, cost-minimization. A systematic meta-narrative synthesis will be presented. Data on quantities of health and social resource consumption, currencies used and whether studies show total or incremental costs will be collected.Discussion: The identification of evidence on the economic burden of LC, OCC and OPC will allow the determination of the contribution share of each sector of society in the total economic burden of oral cancer. Also, this evidence will favour the estimate of the impact that the reduction of the OC burden would have on its associated costs and better guide the choice decision, to optimize the benefits. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO ID number 172471.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm and suicidal behaviour: a living systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann John ◽  
Chukwudi Okolie ◽  
Emily Eyles ◽  
Roger T. Webb ◽  
Lena Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Impact

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused morbidity and mortality, as well as, widespread disruption to people’s lives and livelihoods around the world. Given the health and economic threats posed by the pandemic to the global community, there are concerns that rates of suicide and suicidal behaviour may rise during and in its aftermath. Our living systematic review (LSR) focuses on suicide prevention in relation to COVID-19, with this iteration synthesising relevant evidence up to June 7th 2020. Method:  Automated daily searches feed into a web-based database with screening and data extraction functionalities. Eligibility criteria include incidence/prevalence of suicidal behaviour, exposure-outcome relationships and effects of interventions in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Outcomes of interest are suicide, self-harm or attempted suicide and suicidal thoughts. No restrictions are placed on language or study type, except for single-person case reports. Results: Searches identified 2070 articles, 29 (28 studies) met our inclusion criteria, of which 14 articles were research letters or pre-prints awaiting peer review. All articles reported observational data: 12 cross-sectional; eight case series; five modelling; and three service utilisation studies. No studies reported on changes in rates of suicidal behaviour. Case series were largely drawn from news reporting in low/middle income countries and factors associated with suicide included fear of infection, social isolation and economic concerns.   Conclusions:  A marked improvement in the quality of design, methods, and reporting in future studies is needed. There is thus far no clear evidence of an increase in suicide, self-harm, suicidal behaviour, or suicidal thoughts associated with the pandemic. However, suicide data are challenging to collect in real time and economic effects are evolving. Our LSR will provide a regular synthesis of the most up-to-date research evidence to guide public health and clinical policy to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on suicide. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020183326 01/05/2020

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Cardiovascular Manifestations and Outcomes in the Setting of Coronavirus-19 Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117954682097719
Author(s):  
Samarthkumar Thakkar ◽  
Shilpkumar Arora ◽  
Ashish Kumar ◽  
Rahul Jaswaney ◽  
Mohammed Faisaluddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Myocardial Infection ◽  
The Impact

The impact of coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19), has been profound. Though COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system, it has also been associated with a wide range of cardiovascular (CV) manifestations portending extremely poor prognosis. The principal hypothesis for CV involvement is through direct myocardial infection and systemic inflammation. We conducted a systematic review of the current literature to provide a foundation for understanding the CV manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19. PubMed and EMBASE databases were electronically searched from the inception of the databases through 27 April 2020. A second literature review was conducted to include major trials and guidelines that were published after the initial search but before submission. The inclusion criteria for studies to be eligible were case reports, case series, and observation studies reporting CV outcomes among patients with COVID-19 infection. This review of the current COVID-19 disease and CV outcomes literature revealed a myriad of CV manifestations with potential avenues for treatment and prevention. Future studies are required to understand on a more mechanistic level the effect of COVID-19 on the myocardium and thus provide avenues to improve mortality and morbidity.

scholarly journals Levels of evidence in the treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Moriarity ◽  
Jim Kennedy ◽  
Joe Baker ◽  
Pat Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Impact Factor ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The primary aim of this study was to analyze the current level of evidence available on the surgical management of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE). Secondary aims were to correlate the level of evidence with the impact factor of the journal to evaluate the level of evidence over time, and to evaluate the geographic distribution of the studies. Therapeutic studies published in English between January 1991 and August 2014 that reported on SCFE were identified via electronic search was performed using the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The search terms used included: <em>Slipped capital femoral epiphyses</em> OR <em>SCFE</em> OR <em>Slipped upper femoral epiphyses</em> OR <em>SUFE</em> AND <em>Management</em> OR <em>Treatment</em>. Correlation between the level of evidence and the impact factor of the journal were analyzed together with linear regression models to reveal any significant trends over time. A total of 1516 studies were found, of which 321 were included in the final analysis. The most frequent study type was the case series (51.1%) followed by case reports (22.4%) and expert opinion (14.0%). Randomized control trial accounted for only 0.6%. The <em>Journal</em> <em>of Pediatric</em> <em>Orthopedics</em> (American) had the most studies (22.6%) and the highest number of level 2 (n<em>=</em>1) and level 3 (n=15) type evidence. There was no progression of level of evidence over time. There was no correlation between level of evidence and impact factor of journal. The majority of therapeutic studies on SCFE are of low level of evidence. High-level RCTs are difficult to perform in pediatric orthopedic surgery, however the management of SCFE would benefit from well-designed, multicenter, clinical RCTs to advance evidence-based practice.

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