scholarly journals Taxonomy of dark- and white-barked birches related to Betula pendula and B. pubescens (Betulaceae) in Ukraine based on both morphological traits and DNA markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Tarieiev ◽  
Igor Olshanskyi ◽  
Oliver Gailing ◽  
Konstantin V Krutovsky
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Betula Pubescens ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Molecular Genetic Data

Abstract Distribution, taxonomy, nomenclature and molecular genetic data are presented for two closely related pairs of birch taxa: (1) dark-barked Betula pubescens var. sibakademica (Baran.) Kuzeneva (basionym B. sibakademica Baranov) and white-barked B. pubescens var. pubescens, and (2) dark-barked B. kotulae Zaverucha = B. pendula var. obscura (Kotula ex Fiek) Olšavská (basionym B. obscura Kotula ex Fiek, heterotypic synonym B. kotulae) and white-barked B. pendula, respectively. Using published data and sequences obtained in this study, it was found that, although these pairs can be distinguished not only by morphological characters but also by two diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2, no sequence differences within each pair were detected. These results suggest that the colour of the bark cannot be used as a taxonomic trait at the species level, and the dark-barked birches within each pair should not be treated as separate species or varieties, but as forms, respectively. Therefore, we reassessed the taxonomic status of B. sibakademica and B. kotulae using morphological traits and molecular genetic markers and suggest that B. pubescens f. sibakademica (Baranov) Tarieiev comb. nov. and B. pendula f. obscura (Kotula ex Fiek) Tarieiev comb. nov. should be used for them, respectively. Betula pubescens f. sibakademica was described in Ukraine for the first time.

scholarly journals In-depth investigation of the species problem and taxonomic status of marbled crayfish, the first asexual decapod crustacean

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Vogt ◽  
Nathan J. Dorn ◽  
Michael Pfeiffer ◽  
Chris Lukhaup ◽  
Bronwyn W. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Parent Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Procambarus Fallax ◽  
Marbled Crayfish

ABSTRACTThe marbled crayfish is the only obligately parthenogenetic decapod crustacean and a novel research model and invasive animal on three continents. It is regarded either as a parthenogenetic form of slough crayfish Procambarus fallax or as a separate species named Procambarus virginalis. In order to investigate the species question of this unusual crayfish in detail we have identified the similarities and differences in morphology, life history, genetics, behaviour, ecology and biogeography between marbled crayfish and its most likely parent species P. fallax. We have investigated specimens from natural habitats, laboratory colonies and museum collections and performed a meta-analysis of our data and published data. Our COI based molecular tree with 27 Cambaridae confirms closest relationship of marbled crayfish with P. fallax. Marbled crayfish and P. fallax are similar with respect to morphological characters, coloration and body proportions, but differ considerably with respect to body size, fertility and longevity. The mitochondrial genes of both crayfish are similar, but ploidy level and haploid genome size are markedly different. Both crayfish are eurytopic and have two major annual recruitment periods, but marbled crayfish show different population structure and higher invasiveness. Marbled crayfish occur in tropical to cold temperate habitats of the old world, but P. fallax is confined to subtropical and warm-temperate habitats of the southeastern USA. Cross-breeding experiments with both crayfish revealed reproductive isolation. The application of the Evolutionary Genetic Species Concept for asexuals to all available data supports raising marbled crayfish from “forma” to species rank. A determination key is provided to discriminate Procambarus virginalis, the first asexual decapod species, from its parent species P. fallax.

The Taxonomic Status of Littorina Neglecta: A Comment to Grahame, Mill, Double and Hull

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Johannesson ◽  
B. Johannesson
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Littorina Saxatilis ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
Allozyme Loci ◽  
North Western ◽  
High Shore

In a short communication Grahame et al. (1992) argue against our finding that Littorina neglecta Bean is an ecotype of Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) rather than a separate species (Johannesson & Johannesson, 1990b). Unfortunately, Grahame et al. (1992) have miss-represented our earlier paper, and we feel the need to refute their arguments.In populations from north-western Europe we studied morphological characters used to separate Littorina neglecta from L. saxatilis. We found that intermediate shapes were common and, furthermore, we found no close coupling among characters used to define L. neglecta (Johannesson & Johannesson, 1990a). We further analysed the genetic variation in five strongly polymorphic allozyme loci. In four loci we found a pattern that indicated that L. neglecta is not reproductively isolated from L. saxatilis. In the fifth locus, Aat-1, we found consistent differences between populations of L. neglecta (from the low shore) and L. saxatilis (from the high shore). Similar differences were observed between low and high shore populations in Sweden where, however, no snails of neglecta-type were present.

Do skin peptide profiles reflect speciation in the Australian treefrog Litoria caerulea (Anura : Hylidae)?

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Donnellan ◽  
Michael J. Tyler ◽  
Paul Monis ◽  
Adam Barclay ◽  
Anna Medlin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Skin Gland ◽  
Molecular Genetic Data ◽  
Litoria Caerulea ◽  
Peptide Profiles

Profiles of skin gland peptides of the tree frog Litoria caerulea from Australia show substantial divergence among geographic locations. Indeed, two divergent groups of populations, ‘eastern’ and ‘northern’, are apparent from a phenetic analysis of similarities of skin gland peptide profiles among populations of L. caerulea. We analyse variation in nuclear genes (allozyme frequencies) and the mitochondrial genome (haplotype relationships and frequencies) to test the taxonomic significance of differences apparent among profiles of skin gland peptides. Both molecular genetic data sets identified the same two groups apparent in the profiles of skin gland peptides. However, neither molecular data set, under an evolutionary species concept, provides strong enough evidence to support recognition of these groups as separate species. These data imply that the genetic basis of the inheritance and expression of skin gland peptides requires further characterisation.

Integrative revision of the Iberian species of Coscinia Hübner, [1819] sensu lato and Spiris Hübner, [1819], (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4615 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-449
Author(s):  
RAMON MACIÀ ◽  
RICHARD MALLY ◽  
JOSEP YLLA ◽  
JAVIER GASTÓN ◽  
MANUEL HUERTAS
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Molecular Genetic Data ◽  
Taxonomic Categories

The Iberian species of the genera Coscinia Hübner, [1819] and Spiris Hübner, [1819], as well as three other species from the Mediterranean area, are revised based on morphological and molecular genetic data. Our results suggest the separation into four morphologically and phylogenetically different genera: Coscinia Hübner, [1819], Lerautia Kemal & Koçak, 2006 stat. rev., Sagarriella Macià, Mally, Ylla, Gastón & Huertas gen. nov. and Spiris Hübner, [1819]. We conclude that there are eight species of the Coscinia genus group present in the studied area: Coscinia cribraria (Linnaeus, 1758), Coscinia chrysocephala (Hübner, [1810]) stat. rev., Coscinia mariarosae Expósito, 1991, Sagarriella libyssa caligans (Turati, 1907) comb. nov., Sagarriella romei (Sagarra, 1924) (= romeii sensu auctorum) comb. nov., Spiris striata Hübner, [1819], Spiris slovenica (Daniel, 1939) and Lerautia bifasciata (Rambur, 1832) comb. rev. We consider Coscinia cribraria benderi (Marten, 1957) stat. nov., Coscinia c. rippertii (Boisduval, 1834) and Coscinia c. ibicenca Kobes, 1991 stat. rev. to be subspecies of C. cribraria. COI Barcodes of C. cribraria diverge by up to 7.99%, and the investigated specimens group into six different COI Barcode BINs. Both the phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA and the morphological examination of different specimens corroborate the changes in taxonomic status and justify the proposed taxonomic categories. We present images of adults and genitalia of both sexes, the immature stages of some of the species and the subspecies studied, as well as phylogenetic results from the analysis of genetic data. We also include data on life history, foodplants and geographical distribution. 

scholarly journals Nocardia speluncae sp. nov., isolated from a cave

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2932-2935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Pyo Seo ◽  
Yoe-Won Yun ◽  
Soon Dong Lee
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Mycolic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Genetic Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Physiological Markers

The taxonomic status of a mycolic acid-containing actinomycete, isolated from a natural cave on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, was investigated by means of a polyphasic approach. The isolate, designated strain N2-11T, produced yellow- to orange-coloured vegetative hyphae and white- to pinkish white-coloured aerial mycelia, both of which fragmented into irregular rod-shaped elements. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism belonged to the family Nocardiaceae, occupying a distinct position between Nocardia harenae and a Nocardia carnea cluster. The results of chemotaxonomic analyses were consistent with the affiliation of the organism with the genus Nocardia. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the closest phylogenetic neighbours were the type strains of N. carnea (98.3 %), Nocardia flavorosea (98.0 %), Nocardia sienata (97.9 %) and Nocardia testacea (97.8 %), but the organism could be clearly distinguished from its phylogenetic relatives with reference to a broad range of physiological markers. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular genetic data presented in this study, strain N2-11T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardia, for which the name Nocardia speluncae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is N2-11T (=JBRI 2006T =KCTC 19223T =DSM 45078T).

scholarly journals Reproductive potential of the male (RPM): the computer database of phenotypic and molecular genetic data for Russian men with impaired and normal fertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Bogomolov ◽  
Alexander Osadchuk ◽  
Ludmila Osadchuk
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Regional Trends ◽  
Molecular Genetic Data ◽  
Relational Database Management

AbstractCurrently, a trend of decline in male fertility is observed all over the world. The study of this trend has not only of scientific, but also of socio-economic importance. Many countries conduct studies of male reproductive potential and search environmental and genetic causes of the mentioned phenomenon. Previously published studies have not included data on the Russian male population. This work presents novel database “Reproductive Potential of the Male population of Russia” (RPM), which is almost the only source of such information about Russia. RPM was created using relational database management system MariaDB and is available at www.sysbio.ru/rpm. The database includes reproductive information of 1390 male volunteers from five large cities of Russia: Arkhangelsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Ulan-Ude and Yakutsk. The important feature of the developed database is the unique data of a multifactorial measurement of male fertility: spermatogenic, hormonal, metabolic and anthropological indices. The scientists can use published information in their studies of male reproductive potential as data of some Russian regions and compare it with data from other countries. Also the published data can be used to identify markers of infertility and subfertility, as well as to study ethnic and regional trends in fertility variability and demographic risks in Russia.

Morphological traits and molecular analysis for two new Chrysosporium species from Fujian Province, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 400 (5) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
ZHONG LI ◽  
YAN-WEI ZHANG ◽  
WAN-HAO CHEN ◽  
YAN-FENG HAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
5.8S Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species, Chrysosporium laterisporum and C. ovalisporum, were isolated from forest soils and zoo soils in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China, using child hair as baits. Molecular (ITS-5.8S rDNA sequences) and morphological characters were used to identify taxonomic status. The phylogeny showed C. laterisporum and C. ovalisporum grouped into a separate subclade, closely related to C. georgii, C. magnasporum, C. oceanitesii and C. vespertilium. These previously described Chrysosporium species can be distinguished from the new species based on morphology alone.

Taxonomic status and distribution of the critically endangered Christmas Island spleenwort (Asplenium listeri, Aspleniaceae): it is not as rare as we thought

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Ohlsen ◽  
Leon R. Perrie ◽  
Lara D. Shepherd ◽  
Michael J. Bayly
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Chloroplast Haplotype

Asplenium listeri C.Chr. has been considered endemic to Christmas Island and is one of only two fern species listed as Critically Endangered under Australia’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act. Its status as a distinct species has been questioned because of morphological similarity to the widespread A. polyodon G.Forst., which also occurs on Christmas Island. Molecular analyses revealed that A. listeri and plants attributed to A. polyodon from coastal limestone in New Caledonia and Vanuatu share the same rbcL, trnL–trnF and rps4–trnS haplotype and that other samples of A. polyodon in Australia and the south-western Pacific belong to three separate molecular lineages. One of these lineages is formed by epiphytic A. polyodon from Christmas Island and has a chloroplast haplotype closely related to that of A. listeri, differing by four mutations. The A. listeri haplotype and each of the three A. polyodon lineages are associated with morphological characters and are all worthy of recognition as separate species. Asplenium listeri is here expanded to include limestone dwelling populations in the Pacific previously assigned to A. polyodon. This greatly extends the geographic range of A. listeri, and its conservation status should be revised accordingly. Application of correct names to all species in the A. polyodon complex requires further molecular sampling throughout its geographic range and clarification of how type material relates to each of the molecular groups.

The phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of the Southeast and South Asian bamboo genera Neohouzeaua and Ochlandra (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) 

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 472 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
WEI LIM GOH ◽  
SARAWOOD SUNGKAEW ◽  
ATCHARA TEERAWATANANON ◽  
DIETER OHRNBERGER ◽  
ELIZABETH A. WIDJAJA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Generic Type ◽  
Staminal Tube ◽  
Specimen Material ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Woody Bamboos

Among the tropical woody bamboos, the Melocanninae is one of the most clearly recognized subtribes morphologically and has also been consistently well delimited in molecular phylogenetic work. The relationships among those genera in this subtribe, however, have been contentious because of poorly understood generic delimitations, in part due to poor specimen material or insufficiently assessed morphological traits, sometimes exacerbated by poorly accessible provenances. We address the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of two groups which together include the largest number of species in this subtribe: the Neohouzeaua-Schizostachyum complex, distributed from India to South China, Southeast Asia and southwest Pacific, and the endemic Indian genus Ochlandra. Three Neohouzeaua species (including the generic type), 12 Schizostachyum species (including the generic type and several species of uncertain placement), together with five species of Ochlandra and representatives of Cephalostachyum, Melocanna and Pseudostachyum were assessed in a molecular phylogenetic analysis together with members of other well-distinguished subtribes. Members of Neohouzeaua and Schizostachyum align into two main groups that were not completely well-supported statistically but which members possess mostly reflexed culm leaf blades, or mostly erect culm leaf blades. Other characters which provide obvious differences between taxa, such as the number of flowers in a pseudospikelet, fusion of filaments into a staminal tube, and presence of lodicules, were inconsistent between these groups. Neohouzeaua and Schizostachyum cannot be clearly distinguished in either morphological or molecular terms, and thus are united under the latter name, which takes precedence. In reviewing names in Neohouzeaua and their basionyms, several lectotypifications are designated. Three new combinations in Schizostachyum are proposed. On the other hand, Ochlandra forms a distinct clade and its monophyly is demonstrated, supported by clear morphological characters.

Morphological, biometrical and molecular characterization of Archaeopsylla erinacei (Bouché, 1835)

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zurita ◽  
R. Callejón ◽  
M. de Rojas ◽  
C. Cutillas
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Archaeopsylla Erinacei ◽  
Valid Criterion

AbstractIn the present work, we carried out a morphological, biometrical and molecular study of the species Archaeopsylla erinacei (Bouché, 1835) and their subspecies: Archaeopsylla erinacei erinacei (Bouché, 1835) and Archaeopsylla erinacei maura (Jordan & Rothschild, 1912) isolated from hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) from different geographical regions (Seville and Corse). We have found morphological differences in females of A. erinacei from the same geographical origin that did not correspond with molecular differences. We suggest that some morphological characters traditionally used to discriminate females of both subspecies should be revised as well as we set the total length of the spermatheca as a valid criterion in order to discriminate between both subspecies. The Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1, ITS2) and partial 18S rRNA gene, and partial cytochrome c-oxidase 1 (cox1) and cytochrome b (cytb) mtDNA gene sequences were determined to clarify the taxonomic status of these taxa and to assess intra-specific and intra-population similarity. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis with other species of fleas using Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood analysis was performed. All molecular markers used, except 18S, showed molecular differences between populations corresponding with geographical origins. Thus, based on the phylogenetic and molecular study of two nuclear markers (ITS1, ITS2) and two mitochondrial markers (cox1 and cytb), as well as concatenated sequences of both subspecies, we reported the existence of two geographical genetic lineages in A. erinacei corresponding with two different subspecies: A. e. erinacei (Corse, France) and A. e. maura (Seville, Spain), that could be discriminated by polymerase chain reaction-linked random-fragment-length polymorphism.

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