scholarly journals The Association Between Phytosterol Intake and Breast Cancer Incidence in the Adventist Health Study-2 Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 352-352
Author(s):  
Rawiwan Sirirat ◽  
Yessenia Tantamango-Bartley ◽  
Celine Heskey ◽  
Ella Haddad ◽  
Gary Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Adventist Health Study

Abstract Objectives Breast cancer is the most diagnosed form of cancer among American women. Worldwide, it is second only to lung cancer. Phytosterols are phytochemicals found in plant foods that have potential benefits for breast cancer. Research on phytosterols and cancer associations to date has been limited to breast cancer cell lines and animal studies, and the results have been promising. Our objective is to examine the association between breast cancer incidence and phytosterol intake in the Adventist Health Study-2, a large cohort in North America. Methods The present study estimated the association between phytosterol intake and breast cancer incidence in 52,734 females who were part of the Adventist Health Study 2 (AHS-2) cohort. Breast cancer cases (n = 1050) were ascertained with tumor registries from 2008 to 2014. Phytosterols content in foods was quantified by using USDA 17 and other published sources. These values were used to estimate phytosterol intake from food intake assessed by a self-administered food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Results Hazard ratios were below the null, but statistically non-significant for β-sitosterol [HR = 0.77, 95%CI (0.44–1.36)], campesterol [HR = 0.84, 95%CI (0.46–1.55)], stigmasterol [HR = 0.76 (0.46–1.26)], and total phytosterol [HR = 0.77, 95%CI (0.43–1.40)]. In premenopausal women, HRs ranged between 0.95–1.72; in postmenopausal women, HRs were below the null, ranging between 0.67–0.83. In both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, HRs were statistically non-significant. Conclusions The inverse association between phytosterol consumption and breast cancer incidence appears uncertain. The uncertainty possibly could be due to lack of power or measurement error. Additional epidemiological studies with a larger number of breast cancer cases, improved phytosterol intake estimates, or both are needed. Funding Sources Unilever Research &Development, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.

scholarly journals Weight loss, diet composition and breast cancer incidence and outcome in postmenopausal women

Oncotarget ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (33) ◽  
pp. 3088-3092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Pan ◽  
Juhua Luo ◽  
Aaron K. Aragaki ◽  
Rowan T. Chlebowski
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Weight Loss Diet

scholarly journals Persistent Organic Pollutants and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of the Literature

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoutar Ennour-Idrissi ◽  
Pierre Ayotte ◽  
Caroline Diorio
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) bioaccumulate in the food chain and have been detected in human blood and adipose tissue. Experimental studies demonstrated that POPs can cause and promote growth of breast cancer. However, inconsistent results from epidemiological studies do not support a causal relationship between POPs and breast cancer in women. To identify individual POPs that are repeatedly found to be associated with both breast cancer incidence and progression, and to demystify the observed inconsistencies between epidemiological studies, we conducted a systematic review of 95 studies retrieved from three main electronic databases. While no clear pattern of associations between blood POPs and breast cancer incidence could be drawn, POPs measured in breast adipose tissue were more clearly associated with higher breast cancer incidence. POPs were more consistently associated with worse breast cancer prognosis whether measured in blood or breast adipose tissue. In contrast, POPs measured in adipose tissue other than breast were inversely associated with both breast cancer incidence and prognosis. Differences in biological tissues used for POPs measurement and methodological biases explain the discrepancies between studies results. Some individual compounds associated with both breast cancer incidence and progression, deserve further investigation.

Insulin resistance and breast cancer incidence and mortality in postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative

Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (16) ◽  
pp. 3638-3647
Author(s):  
Kathy Pan ◽  
Rowan T. Chlebowski ◽  
Joanne E. Mortimer ◽  
Marc J. Gunther ◽  
Thomas Rohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

scholarly journals Racial Discrimination and Breast Cancer Incidence in US Black Women: The Black Women's Health Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Taylor ◽  
C. D. Williams ◽  
K. H. Makambi ◽  
C. Mouton ◽  
J. P. Harrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Health Study

scholarly journals Diabetes, Metformin, and Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (23) ◽  
pp. 2844-2852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowan T. Chlebowski ◽  
Anne McTiernan ◽  
Jean Wactawski-Wende ◽  
JoAnn E. Manson ◽  
Aaron K. Aragaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Management

Purpose Emerging evidence suggests that metformin may reduce breast cancer incidence, but reports are mixed and few provide information on tumor characteristics. Therefore, we assessed associations among diabetes, metformin use, and breast cancer in postmenopausal women participating in Women's Health Initiative clinical trials. Patients and Methods In all, 68,019 postmenopausal women, including 3,401 with diabetes at study entry, were observed over a mean of 11.8 years with 3,273 invasive breast cancers diagnosed. Diabetes incidence status was collected throughout follow-up, with medication information collected at baseline and years 1, 3, 6, and 9. Breast cancers were confirmed by review of central medical records and pathology reports. Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for breast cancer risk factors, compared breast cancer incidence in women with diabetes who were metformin users or nonusers with breast cancer incidence in women without diabetes. Results Compared with that in women without diabetes, breast cancer incidence in women with diabetes differed by diabetes medication type (P = .04). Women with diabetes receiving medications other than metformin had a slightly higher incidence of breast cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.16; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.45), and women with diabetes who were given metformin had lower breast cancer incidence (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.99). The association was observed for cancers positive for both estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor and those that were negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Conclusion Metformin use in postmenopausal women with diabetes was associated with lower incidence of invasive breast cancer. These results can inform future studies evaluating metformin use in breast cancer management and prevention.

scholarly journals Outdoor Light at Night and Breast Cancer Incidence in the Nurses’ Health Study II

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 (8) ◽  
pp. 087010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter James ◽  
Kimberly A. Bertrand ◽  
Jaime E. Hart ◽  
Eva S. Schernhammer ◽  
Rulla M. Tamimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Light At Night

scholarly journals Use of Aspirin, Other Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Acetaminophen and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Incidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (28) ◽  
pp. 3468-3477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuehong Zhang ◽  
Stephanie A. Smith-Warner ◽  
Laura C. Collins ◽  
Bernard Rosner ◽  
Walter C. Willett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Purpose The associations between use of aspirin, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen and breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal women are uncertain. We examined these associations with breast cancer, both overall and by molecular subtype. Patients and Methods We observed 84,602 postmenopausal women, free of cancer in 1980, until June 2008 and prospectively collected data on analgesic use, reproductive history, and other lifestyle factors using biennial questionnaires. Proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs. Results We documented 4,734 cases of incident invasive breast cancer. Compared with nonuse of aspirin, multivariable RRs of regular aspirin use (≥ two tablets per week) for more than 20 years were 0.91 for overall breast cancer (95% CI, 0.81 to 1.01; Ptrend = 0.16), 0.90 for estrogen receptor (ER) –positive progesterone receptor (PR) –positive breast cancer (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.06; Ptrend = 0.17), and 0.91 for ER-negative PR-negative breast cancer (95% CI, 0.68 to 1.22; Ptrend = 0.97). Results did not vary appreciably by past or current use, days per week of use, or dosage of use. Use of other NSAIDs and acetaminophen was largely not significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Additionally, use of higher doses of each analgesic (≥ six tablets per week) for more than 10 years was generally not significantly associated with risk of breast cancer, either overall or by subtype. Furthermore, largely no substantial associations were noted for breast cancer molecular subtypes, including luminal A, luminal B, triple negative, basal-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) negative, and COX-2 positive. Conclusion Our study suggests that use of aspirin, other NSAIDs, and acetaminophen is not importantly associated with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, either overall or by specific subtype.

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