scholarly journals Diabetes, Metformin, and Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (23) ◽  
pp. 2844-2852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowan T. Chlebowski ◽  
Anne McTiernan ◽  
Jean Wactawski-Wende ◽  
JoAnn E. Manson ◽  
Aaron K. Aragaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Management

Purpose Emerging evidence suggests that metformin may reduce breast cancer incidence, but reports are mixed and few provide information on tumor characteristics. Therefore, we assessed associations among diabetes, metformin use, and breast cancer in postmenopausal women participating in Women's Health Initiative clinical trials. Patients and Methods In all, 68,019 postmenopausal women, including 3,401 with diabetes at study entry, were observed over a mean of 11.8 years with 3,273 invasive breast cancers diagnosed. Diabetes incidence status was collected throughout follow-up, with medication information collected at baseline and years 1, 3, 6, and 9. Breast cancers were confirmed by review of central medical records and pathology reports. Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for breast cancer risk factors, compared breast cancer incidence in women with diabetes who were metformin users or nonusers with breast cancer incidence in women without diabetes. Results Compared with that in women without diabetes, breast cancer incidence in women with diabetes differed by diabetes medication type (P = .04). Women with diabetes receiving medications other than metformin had a slightly higher incidence of breast cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.16; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.45), and women with diabetes who were given metformin had lower breast cancer incidence (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.99). The association was observed for cancers positive for both estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor and those that were negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Conclusion Metformin use in postmenopausal women with diabetes was associated with lower incidence of invasive breast cancer. These results can inform future studies evaluating metformin use in breast cancer management and prevention.

Incidence and survival of patients with T0N1 breast cancers.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 56-56
Author(s):  
Shoko Emily Abe ◽  
Kendall W. Carpenter ◽  
Yimei Han ◽  
Teresa Flippo ◽  
Terry Sarantou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Seer Data ◽  
Chi Square Test

56 Background: As imaging modalities have improved, breast cancers are increasingly detected at earlier stages. Patients rarely present with axillary disease but no mammographically evident breast tumor. Based on analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data, we determined that there has been an increase in incidence of T1aN1 breast cancers. In response, we hypothesize that T0N1 breast cancer incidence has decreased with increased MRI use. Moreover, SEER analysis showed that T1aN1 patients have worse survival than T1bN1 patients. We thus hypothesize that T0N1 patients have worse survival than T1N1 patients. Methods: We identified 36,093 female patients diagnosed with T0-1 N1 invasive breast cancer from the SEER database. We compared patient and tumor characteristics: age, race, histology, hormone receptor status, and diagnosis year group (1990-1994, 1995-1999, 2000-2005, 2006-2010) – by TN category (T0N1/T1aN1/T1bN1/T1cN1) using chi-square test and ANOVA. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate disease specific survival (DSS) for each TN category and diagnosis year group separately. Adjusted hazard ratios were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Stage distribution was: T0N1=129, T1aN1=1294, T1bN1=6731, and T1cN1=27942 patients. Median ages were 59.6, 56.3, 59.1, and 58.1, respectively. Time trend analysis of T0N1 cancers showed an increase in incidence from 1990 to 1999 and stability after 2000. Five-year DSS was significantly worse for patients with T0N1 tumors than T1aN1 tumors (84.5% versus 94.1%, HR 0.513, p < 0.0001). T0N1 tumors were more likely to be ER negative than T1b-cN1 tumors (23% versus 16%, p < 0.0001). T0N1 tumors were also more likely to be ER negative than T1aN1 tumors, but did not reach statistical significance (23% vs. 20%, p = 0.09). The proportion of lobular cancers was significantly higher in T0N1 than T1aN1 or T1b-cN1 patients (18% versus 8%, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Our analysis suggests that T0N1 tumors may differ biologically from T1N1 tumors. Although the incidence of T0N1 tumors did not decrease, it remained stable after 2000 when the use of MRI for occult breast cancers became widely accepted. Our second hypothesis that survival is worse in patients with T0N1 tumors was confirmed by our analysis.

scholarly journals Weight loss, diet composition and breast cancer incidence and outcome in postmenopausal women

Oncotarget ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (33) ◽  
pp. 3088-3092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Pan ◽  
Juhua Luo ◽  
Aaron K. Aragaki ◽  
Rowan T. Chlebowski
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Weight Loss Diet

Insulin resistance and breast cancer incidence and mortality in postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative

Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (16) ◽  
pp. 3638-3647
Author(s):  
Kathy Pan ◽  
Rowan T. Chlebowski ◽  
Joanne E. Mortimer ◽  
Marc J. Gunther ◽  
Thomas Rohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Women's Health Initiative ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Women’S Health Initiative

Bilateral breast cancer: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
Rajanigandha Tudu ◽  
Anup Kumar ◽  
Rashmi Singh ◽  
Payal Raina
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Primary Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Bilateral Breast Cancer ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Cancer Management

AbstractBackground:Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females worldwide. Increasing breast cancer incidence rates, improved diagnosis and management modalities and growing life expectancy have resulted in increasing numbers of women at risk of developing contralateral primary breast cancer. Bilateral breast cancer can occur synchronously or metachronously.Material and methods:This study reports three cases of bilateral breast cancer patients treated at our oncology department between March 2018 and March 2019. The features of presentation, investigation, diagnosis and follow-up care are the highlights of this study.Results:Bilateral breast cancer was noted in three patients among the study population in the age group of 35 –55 years. Two of these patients had metachronous bilateral breast cancer, and one patient developed cancer in the second breast during the course of management. The second breast cancers differed histologically from primary breast cancer.Conclusion:Poor awareness on breast cancer care and the lack of national screening guidelines and programmes, and poor infrastructure, all contribute to late presentation and difficult breast cancer management. Proper history, clinical examination and imaging of opposite breast should be done to ensure adequate and timely management of bilateral breast cancer.

scholarly journals The Association Between Phytosterol Intake and Breast Cancer Incidence in the Adventist Health Study-2 Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 352-352
Author(s):  
Rawiwan Sirirat ◽  
Yessenia Tantamango-Bartley ◽  
Celine Heskey ◽  
Ella Haddad ◽  
Gary Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Adventist Health Study

Abstract Objectives Breast cancer is the most diagnosed form of cancer among American women. Worldwide, it is second only to lung cancer. Phytosterols are phytochemicals found in plant foods that have potential benefits for breast cancer. Research on phytosterols and cancer associations to date has been limited to breast cancer cell lines and animal studies, and the results have been promising. Our objective is to examine the association between breast cancer incidence and phytosterol intake in the Adventist Health Study-2, a large cohort in North America. Methods The present study estimated the association between phytosterol intake and breast cancer incidence in 52,734 females who were part of the Adventist Health Study 2 (AHS-2) cohort. Breast cancer cases (n = 1050) were ascertained with tumor registries from 2008 to 2014. Phytosterols content in foods was quantified by using USDA 17 and other published sources. These values were used to estimate phytosterol intake from food intake assessed by a self-administered food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Results Hazard ratios were below the null, but statistically non-significant for β-sitosterol [HR = 0.77, 95%CI (0.44–1.36)], campesterol [HR = 0.84, 95%CI (0.46–1.55)], stigmasterol [HR = 0.76 (0.46–1.26)], and total phytosterol [HR = 0.77, 95%CI (0.43–1.40)]. In premenopausal women, HRs ranged between 0.95–1.72; in postmenopausal women, HRs were below the null, ranging between 0.67–0.83. In both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, HRs were statistically non-significant. Conclusions The inverse association between phytosterol consumption and breast cancer incidence appears uncertain. The uncertainty possibly could be due to lack of power or measurement error. Additional epidemiological studies with a larger number of breast cancer cases, improved phytosterol intake estimates, or both are needed. Funding Sources Unilever Research &Development, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.

scholarly journals Use of Aspirin, Other Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Acetaminophen and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Incidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (28) ◽  
pp. 3468-3477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuehong Zhang ◽  
Stephanie A. Smith-Warner ◽  
Laura C. Collins ◽  
Bernard Rosner ◽  
Walter C. Willett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Purpose The associations between use of aspirin, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen and breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal women are uncertain. We examined these associations with breast cancer, both overall and by molecular subtype. Patients and Methods We observed 84,602 postmenopausal women, free of cancer in 1980, until June 2008 and prospectively collected data on analgesic use, reproductive history, and other lifestyle factors using biennial questionnaires. Proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs. Results We documented 4,734 cases of incident invasive breast cancer. Compared with nonuse of aspirin, multivariable RRs of regular aspirin use (≥ two tablets per week) for more than 20 years were 0.91 for overall breast cancer (95% CI, 0.81 to 1.01; Ptrend = 0.16), 0.90 for estrogen receptor (ER) –positive progesterone receptor (PR) –positive breast cancer (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.06; Ptrend = 0.17), and 0.91 for ER-negative PR-negative breast cancer (95% CI, 0.68 to 1.22; Ptrend = 0.97). Results did not vary appreciably by past or current use, days per week of use, or dosage of use. Use of other NSAIDs and acetaminophen was largely not significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Additionally, use of higher doses of each analgesic (≥ six tablets per week) for more than 10 years was generally not significantly associated with risk of breast cancer, either overall or by subtype. Furthermore, largely no substantial associations were noted for breast cancer molecular subtypes, including luminal A, luminal B, triple negative, basal-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) negative, and COX-2 positive. Conclusion Our study suggests that use of aspirin, other NSAIDs, and acetaminophen is not importantly associated with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, either overall or by specific subtype.

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