scholarly journals Impact of Beef Consumption on Saturated Fat Intake in the United States Adult Population: Insights from Modeling the Influences of Bovine Genetics and Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1385-1385
Author(s):  
Shanon Casperson ◽  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Susan Raatz ◽  
Justin Derner ◽  
James Roemmich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Breed Selection ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Objectives Beef, while a prominent source of high-quality protein in the American diet, is a source of saturated fat. Beef production practices, such as breed selection and nutrition regimens, can influence the nutritional value of meat by reducing the saturated fatty acids (SFA) content. Thus, we sought to determine the extent to which implementing these practices reduces population-level SFA intake to meet the Dietary Guideline for Americans (DGA) recommendation of ≤10% en. Methods Using reported intakes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2016, we determined the contribution of food types to total SFA intake. From these data, nutritional modeling methods were used in which the current fatty acid profile of beef was replaced with that from two different breeds (Angus, the predominant breed in the U.S., and Wagyu, a breed with lower SFA content) and three nutrition regimens (pasture-raised, 15% flaxseed supplementation, and 35% wet distiller's grain (WDG) supplementation) to estimate the contribution of each beef type to total SFA intake in the U.S. adult population. Four levels of replacement were compared - 10%, 25%, 50%, 100%. Results Daily per capita SFA intake was 10.9% en (10.8–11.0% en, 95% CI). Beef was the third greatest contributor (15%) to per capita SFA intake, behind grain (29%) and dairy (19%) dishes. In general, men consumed more beef fat than women (12.0 g vs. 6.6 g, respectively). SFA intake, as a percentage of total energy intake (% en), from beef was 2.1% en (2.1–2.2% en, 95% CI) in men and 1.6% en (1.6–1.7% en, 95% CI) in women. For each modeled beef, SFA intake decreased with each increase in replacement level. At 100% replacement, SFA intake was reduced by 0.5% (Angus), 2.8% (Wagyu), 1.9% (pasture-raised), 4.1% (15% flaxseed), and 2.6% (35% WDG). Conclusions Data from this modeling study indicate that decreasing the SFA content of beef through breed selection and nutrition regimens can result in a per capita reduction in SFA intake in the American population. However, modeled SFA consumption remained greater (c. 10.5–10.7% en) than DGA recommended intakes in all age and gender groups. These results demonstrate the importance for Americans to reduce SFA intake from all sources, including beef, to meet daily intake recommendations. Funding Sources United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.

Can increases in Twitter posts predict increases in cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in the United States? Evidence that social media can inform epidemic surveillance. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyan Sun ◽  
Henna Budhwani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Public Health Systems ◽  
Per Capita

BACKGROUND Though public health systems are responding rapidly to the COVID-19 pandemic, outcomes from publicly available, crowd-sourced big data may assist in helping to identify hot spots, prioritize equipment allocation and staffing, while also informing health policy related to “shelter in place” and social distancing recommendations. OBJECTIVE To assess if the rising state-level prevalence of COVID-19 related posts on Twitter (tweets) is predictive of state-level cumulative COVID-19 incidence after controlling for socio-economic characteristics. METHODS We identified extracted COVID-19 related tweets from January 21st to March 7th (2020) across all 50 states (N = 7,427,057). Tweets were combined with state-level characteristics and confirmed COVID-19 cases to determine the association between public commentary and cumulative incidence. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 cases varied significantly across states. Ratio of tweet increase (p=0.03), number of physicians per 1,000 population (p=0.01), education attainment (p=0.006), income per capita (p = 0.002), and percentage of adult population (p=0.003) were positively associated with cumulative incidence. Ratio of tweet increase was significantly associated with the logarithmic of cumulative incidence (p=0.06) with a coefficient of 0.26. CONCLUSIONS An increase in the prevalence of state-level tweets was predictive of an increase in COVID-19 diagnoses, providing evidence that Twitter can be a valuable surveillance tool for public health.

Wingnut (Juglandaceae) as a new generic host forPityophthorus juglandis(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the thousand cankers disease pathogen,Geosmithia morbida(Ascomycota: Hypocreales)

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy M. Hishinuma ◽  
Paul L. Dallara ◽  
Mohammad A. Yaghmour ◽  
Marcelo M. Zerillo ◽  
Corwin M. Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Geosmithia Morbida ◽  
Thousand Cankers Disease ◽  
First Occurrence

AbstractThe walnut twig beetle (WTB),Pityophthorus juglandisBlackman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), vectors a fungus,Geosmithia morbidaKolařík, Freeland, Utley, and Tisserat (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), which colonises and kills the phloem of walnut and butternut trees,JuglansLinnaeus (Juglandaceae). Over the past two decades, this condition, known as thousand cankers disease (TCD), has led to the widespread mortality ofJuglansspecies in the United States of America. Recently the beetle and pathogen were discovered on severalJuglansspecies in northern Italy. Little is known about the extra-generic extent of host acceptability and suitability for the WTB. We report the occurrence of both the WTB andG. morbidain three species of wingnut,Pterocarya fraxinifoliaSpach,Pterocarya rhoifoliaSiebold and Zuccarini, andPterocarya stenopterade Candolle (Juglandaceae) growing in the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository collection in northern California (NCGR) and in the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden in southern California, United States of America. In two instances (once inP. stenopteraand once inP. fraxinifolia) teneral (i.e., brood) adult WTB emerged and were collected more than four months after infested branch sections had been collected in the field. Koch’s postulates were satisfied with an isolate ofG. morbidafromP. stenoptera, confirming this fungus as the causal agent of TCD in this host. A survey of the 37PterocaryaKunth accessions at the NCGR revealed that 46% of the trees had WTB attacks and/or symptoms ofG. morbidainfection. The occurrence of other subcortical Coleoptera associated withPterocaryaand the first occurrence of the polyphagous shot hole borer, a species nearEuwallacea fornicatusEichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), inJuglansare also documented.

Aphomia gularis (Zeller) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) at Baie d'Urfé, Quebec

1955 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 239-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. H. Gray
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
National Museum ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
States Department ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
The U.S

This moth was first reported on this continent as a pest in a consignment of peanuts, received in California from China (de Ong, 1919). Mr. Hahn W. Capps, of the United States Department of Agriculture, informs me, in litt., that 6 adults from that infestation, together with 2 from “near prunes” in 1930, and 8 from a prune warehouse in 1931, at San José, are in the U.S. National Museum.

scholarly journals BETTERGRO BLACKEYE: A NEW PEST AND DISEASE RESISTANT HIGH YIELDING SOUTHERNPEA

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1176g-1176
Author(s):  
R. L. Fery ◽  
P. D. Dukes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Agricultural Research Service

The Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture announced the release of `Bettergro Blackeye' southernpea on 24 July 1991. The new cultivar is well adapted for production throughout the southern United States where it can be expected to produce excellent yields of high quality, blackeye-type peas. `Bettergro Blackeye' outyielded the `Pinkeye Purple Hull-BVR' check in the 1986, 1987, 1988, and 1989 Regional Southernpea Cooperative Trials by 34.8, 14.3, 12.6, and 20.9%, respectively. Canned samples of fresh `Bettergro Blackeye' peas scored well in three years of quality evaluation tests. The new cultivar is resistant to the cowpea curculio, the major insect pest of the southernpea in southeastern production areas, and root knot, a severe root disease incited by several species of the root-knot nematode. `Bettergro Blackeye' plants have a greater tendency to produce a second crop than plants of most southernpea cultivars.

scholarly journals A content review of precision agriculture courses across the United States

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Danielle Skouby
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Differential Gps ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Four Year Institutions ◽  
Content Review ◽  
The U.S

Knowledge of what Precision Agriculture (PA) content is currently taught across the U.S. will help build a better understanding for what PA instructors should incorporate into their classes in the future. For this assessment, the University of Missouri (MU) partnered with several universities throughout the nation on a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) challenge grant. A survey was conducted with PA instructors from 44 institutions from across the U.S. participating. Each institution was assessed to determine amount of time they spent teaching on 59 different PA topics in their PA-related courses. Results were obtained from 56 PA courses. Scope of PA, Global Positioning System (GPS), Differential GPS, Yield Monitoring, and Yield Map were all topics that were frequently discussed in PA courses, whether they were entryor advanced-level or two-year or four-year institutions. Review of the content showed a need for a more standardized curriculum.

scholarly journals A Spatially Detailed and Economically Complete Blue Water Footprint of the United States

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Rushforth ◽  
Benjamin L. Ruddell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
The United States ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Energy Information Administration ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Blue Water ◽  
The U.S

Abstract. This paper quantifies and maps a spatially detailed and economically complete blue water footprint for the United States, utilizing the National Water Economy Database version 1.1 (NWED). NWED utilizes multiple mesoscale federal data resources from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE), and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to quantify water use, economic trade, and commodity flows to construct this water footprint. Results corroborate previous studies in both the magnitude of the U.S. water footprint (F) and in the observed pattern of virtual water flows. The median water footprint (FCUMed) of the U.S. is 181 966 Mm3 (FWithdrawal: 400 844 Mm3; FCUMax: 222 144 Mm3; FCUMin: 61 117 Mm3) and the median per capita water footprint (F'CUMed) of the U.S. is 589 m3 capita−1 (F'Withdrawal: 1298 m3 capita−1; F'CUMax: 720 m3 capita−1; F'CUMin: 198 m3 capita−1). The U.S. hydro-economic network is centered on cities and is dominated by the local and regional scales. Approximately (58 %) of U.S. water consumption is for the direct and indirect use by cities. Further, the water footprint of agriculture and livestock is 93 % of the total U.S. water footprint, and is dominated by irrigated agriculture in the Western U.S. The water footprint of the industrial, domestic, and power economic sectors is centered on population centers, while the water footprint of the mining sector is highly dependent on the location of mineral resources. Owing to uncertainty in consumptive use coefficients alone, the mesoscale blue water footprint uncertainty ranges from 63 % to over 99 % depending on location. Harmonized region-specific, economic sector-specific consumption coefficients are necessary to reduce water footprint uncertainties and to better understand the human economy's water use impact on the hydrosphere.

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