scholarly journals Cross-regional drivers for CCUS deployment

Clean Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Y Ku ◽  
Peter J Cook ◽  
Pingjiao Hao ◽  
Xiaochun Li ◽  
John P Lemmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Development Resource

Abstract CO2 capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is recognized as a uniquely important option in global efforts to control anthropogenic greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions. Despite significant progress globally in advancing the maturity of the various component technologies and their assembly into full-chain demonstrations, a gap remains on the path to widespread deployment in many countries. In this paper, we focus on the importance of business models adapted to the unique technical features and sociopolitical drivers in different regions as a necessary component of commercial scale-up and how lessons might be shared across borders. We identify three archetypes for CCUS development—resource recovery, green growth and low-carbon grids—each with different near-term issues that, if addressed, will enhance the prospect of successful commercial deployment. These archetypes provide a framing mechanism that can help to translate experience in one region or context to other locations by clarifying the most important technical issues and policy requirements. Going forward, the archetype framework also provides guidance on how different regions can converge on the most effective use of CCUS as part of global deep-decarbonization efforts over the long term.

scholarly journals Demystifying Low-Carbon Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oisik Das ◽  
Ágoston Restás ◽  
Vigneshwaran Shanmugam ◽  
Gabriel Sas ◽  
Michael Försth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Discussion Article

AbstractLow-carbon materials (the ‘carbon’ is related to carbon dioxide emission potential and not elemental carbon) need to be developed and embraced ubiquitously for the sustainable development of human society and mitigate climate change. In the absence of clear consensus in the literature coupled with the presence of certain miss-information, this ‘discussion’ article seeks to define low-carbon materials as the materials that foster a healthy living environment and a circular economy via the elimination or reduction of associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and resource depletion and wastage. Furthermore, the multidimensional facets of low-carbon products and services are described to promote widespread utilisation of low-carbon materials so as to transition to desired low-carbon or decarbonised economies. Several specific strategies for realising the aforementioned are illustrated, which include radical green chemistry and materials approach, efficient materials extraction and processing, utilising renewable feedstocks and energies, efficient product manufacturing, enhanced recycling rates, designing out wastes, circular flow of materials, and innovative business models. The information provided in this ‘discussion’ article strives to outline a variety of aspects and tools available and necessary to accelerate the growth of low-carbon materials and progress towards a sustainable future. Graphical abstract The integration of low-carbon materials, products and services with natural resource preservation, prosperity and a healthy living environment

scholarly journals A Review of Geothermal Technologies and Their Role in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract A review of conventional, unconventional, and advanced geothermal technologies highlights just how diverse and multi-faceted the geothermal industry has become, harnessing temperatures from 7 °C to greater than 350 °C. The cost of reducing greenhouse emissions is examined in scenarios where conventional coal or combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plants are abated. In the absence of a US policy on a carbon tax, the marginal abatement cost potential of these technologies is examined within the context of the social cost of carbon (SCC). The analysis highlights that existing geothermal heat and power technologies and emerging advanced closed-loop applications could deliver substantial cost-efficient baseload energy, leading to the long-term decarbonization. When considering an SCC of $25, in a 2025 development scenario, geothermal technologies ideally need to operate with full life cycle assessment (FLCA) emissions, lower than 50 kg(CO2)/MWh, and aim to be within the cost range of $30−60/MWh. At these costs and emissions, geothermal can provide a cost-competitive low-carbon, flexible, baseload energy that could replace existing coal and CCGT providing a significant long-term reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study confirms that geothermally derived heat and power would be well positioned within a diverse low-carbon energy portfolio. The analysis presented here suggests that policy and regulatory bodies should, if serious about lowering carbon emissions from the current energy infrastructure, consider increasing incentives for geothermal energy development.

Foundations for a Low-Carbon Energy System in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Lee ◽  
Daniel P. Schrag ◽  
Matthew Bunn ◽  
Michael Davidson ◽  
Wei Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Electricity Pricing ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Climate change is a key problem of the 21st century. China, as the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, has committed to stabilize its current emissions and dramatically increase the share of electricity production from non-fossil fuels by 2030. However, this is only a first step: in the longer term, China needs to aggressively strive to reach a goal of zero-emissions. Through detailed discussions of electricity pricing, electric vehicle policies, nuclear energy policies, and renewable energy policies, this book reviews how near-term climate and energy policies can affect long-term decarbonization pathways beyond 2030, building the foundations for decarbonization in advance of its realization. Focusing primarily on the electricity sector in China - the main battleground for decarbonization over the next century – it provides a valuable resource for researchers and policymakers, as well as energy and climate experts.

scholarly journals Zero-emission public transit could be a catalyst for decarbonization of the transportation and power sectors

Clean Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Y Ku ◽  
Andrew de Souza ◽  
Jordan McRobie ◽  
Jimmy X Li ◽  
Jaimie Levin
Keyword(s):  
Public Transit ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Financing Risk ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Near Term

Abstract Reaching carbon neutrality will require investment on an unprecedented scale. Here we suggest that there is an underappreciated opportunity to leverage public funds to mobilize private capital in support of these aims. We illustrate the point using examples from public transit. Although the fuelling energy requirements of public fleets represent a small fraction of the eventual total demand across the transportation sector, the predictable and long-term nature of the refuelling profiles can reduce the financing risk. With appropriate coordination across the energy supply chain, near-term investments can be used to support scale-up of wider efforts to decarbonize the transportation sector and electric grid. We present two examples from California—one related to overnight power for battery electric bus charging and the other related to medium-scale supply chains for zero-carbon hydrogen production—to illustrate how this might be achieved.

A CROSS-MODEL COMPARISON OF GLOBAL LONG-TERM TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION UNDER A 2°C CLIMATE CHANGE CONTROL TARGET

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 1340013 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. C. VAN DER ZWAAN ◽  
H. RÖSLER ◽  
T. KOBER ◽  
T. ABOUMAHBOUB ◽  
K. V. CALVIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Cross Model

We investigate the long-term global energy technology diffusion patterns required to reach a stringent climate change target with a maximum average atmospheric temperature increase of 2°C. If the anthropogenic temperature increase is to be limited to 2°C, total CO 2 emissions have to be reduced massively, so as to reach substantial negative values during the second half of the century. Particularly power sector CO 2 emissions should become negative from around 2050 onwards according to most models used for this analysis in order to compensate for GHG emissions in other sectors where abatement is more costly. The annual additional capacity deployment intensity (expressed in GW/yr) for solar and wind energy until 2030 needs to be around that recently observed for coal-based power plants, and will have to be several times higher in the period 2030–2050. Relatively high agreement exists across models in terms of the aggregated low-carbon energy system cost requirements on the supply side until 2050, which amount to about 50 trillion US$.

Methods for Long-Term Environmental Policy Challenges

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Lempert ◽  
Jürgen Scheffran ◽  
Detlef F. Sprinz
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Deep Uncertainty ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Near Term

This article provides a concise overview of methods for analyzing policy choices that have been used in the study of long-term environmental challenges. We open with an overview of the broad classes of methods used for long-term policy analysis, and subsequent sections will describe in depth three particular methods. They are: statistical models, such as employed in the debate on the environmental Kuznets curve, which infer past patterns from data and project them into the future; robust decision-making, a decision analytic framework that supports choices under deep uncertainty, and relates near-term policy interventions to different clusters of long-term environmental futures; and adaptive control and agent-based modeling, which provide an approach to simulation modeling that focuses on cooperation and conflict among multiple actors and their choice of strategies. While all three approaches can be used for various applications, this article focuses on the challenge of a potential transition to a low-carbon future to illustrate the strengths, weaknesses, and synergies among the respective methods. In the final section, we offer guidance for choosing among methods.

scholarly journals Europe Between Climate and Energy Insecurity: Geopolitical Aspects

2016 ◽  
Vol Special edition (1) ◽  
pp. 29-62
Author(s):  
Branko Bošnjaković
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Energy Union ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Ukraine Crisis ◽  
Common But Differentiated Responsibility

EU sees itself as a world leader in coping with the challenge of climate change. At the same time, the Ukraine crisis has demonstrated how vulnerable its energy supply security is due to EU’s dependence on import oil and gas. The paper addresses the interlinkages and prospects of EU’s climate and energy policies with respect to ethical and security dimensions. The ethical dimension is addressed in terms of how to fairly allocate responsibility among nations, regions and states to reduce GHG emissions to non-dangerous levels, a central issue at the upcoming UN summit in Paris. The proposed principles, such as the common but differentiated responsibility, are discussed in view of a growing literature, political controversies and converging diplomatic moves. At the same time the fundamental values of the EU may be at stake if the security dimension of all EU member states cannot be guaranteed. Both ethical and security challenges EU is confronted with points strongly towards accelerated introduction of a low-carbon economy and corresponding infrastructure, with renewables to play a central role in the medium/long term. A review of the literature shows that continuing import dependence on oil and gas, including from Russia, is a risk factor both in economic, political and environmental terms. Some recently proposed policy responses, such as the creation of an EU energy union, are reviewed and critically evaluated.

scholarly journals THE ESTIMATION OF GHG EMISSIONS FOR HOTELS IN ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND CHIANG MAI HILL 2000, THAILAND

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luansak Supansa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Institute Of Technology

In the tourism sector, hotel industry is one of the most important sub-sector. This hotel industry emits greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mainly carbon dioxide (CO2) by consuming large amount of energy, water, and non-renewable resources in service operation everyday on basis. This paper presents results of analysis how much does the GHG emissions release in hotel. The Asian Institute of Technology Conference Center and Chiang Mai Hill 2000, Chiang Mai, Thailand have successfully estimated GHG emissions by using Bilan Carbone® tool. The mitigation options are to encourage low carbon dioxide hotels. The data collection was done by questionnaires, interviews, and observations in both of them hotels. The results of annual GHG emissions contributor both Chiang Mai Hill 2000 as 3,844 t CO2 and at AITCC about 1,011 t CO2. Energy use is a major emission contributor followed by travel, property, input material, waste generated, and freight. Higher number of guests/tourists flow, effected higher used of facilities such as electricity, air conditioning, lighting, and food & beverage. Larger size hotel service quality, greater guest room service, wide range of building area, greater facilities, and large functional are consumed higher energy and materials. As well as, the higher rate of room turning can also increase of emissions. Moreover, Chiang Mai Hill 2000 tends to take transportation which have longer distance than AITCC. Therefore, increasing higher journal distance generated higher GHG emissions as well. The short term and long term mitigation plans can also be taken into consideration to reduce GHG emissions. The recommendation of short term mitigation plans can be applied directly in both hotels thus, increasing awareness about climate change and energy conservation among uses. The long term mitigation plans recommends to give “Green Hotel” award to successful hotels for reducing GHG emissions in hotel. These plans can be incorporated the Thailand’s government policy to reduce the impacts of climate change to the hotel industry. 

scholarly journals Long-term payoffs of near-term low-carbon deployment policies

Energy Policy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 493-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokul C. Iyer ◽  
Leon E. Clarke ◽  
James A. Edmonds ◽  
Nathan E. Hultman ◽  
Haewon C. McJeon
Keyword(s):  
Low Carbon ◽  
Near Term

scholarly journals Carbon Tax, Carbon Leakage and the Theory of Induced Innovation in the Decarbonisation of Industrial Processes: The Case of the Port of Rotterdam

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7667
Author(s):  
Alberto Gianoli ◽  
Felipe Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Government Intervention ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Industrial Cluster ◽  
Carbon Leakage ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Induced Innovation

A higher price of CO2 emissions is required to enhance the industrial transition and investment in low-carbon technology. However, the specific mechanisms to tackle the risk of carbon leakage and create an attractive environment for green investment are highly contested in the academic literature. Opposing perspectives regarding the appropriateness and desirability of government intervention in the economy result in different approaches to the decarbonisation of industrial processes. This research builds on existing academic knowledge in the fields of carbon leakage, induced innovation and government intervention to assess the effects of a carbon tax in the industrial cluster of the Port of Rotterdam within the context of a carbon tax on industrial GHG emissions proposed in the Dutch National Climate Agreement. The main finding of this study shows that investment leakage constitutes the main threat instead of carbon leakage in the face of a higher carbon price. Regarding the theory of induced innovation, limited abatement options are available for the industrial cluster and there is the need to scale up existing technologies. Lastly, to both tackle the risk of investment leakage and enhance the scaling up of low-carbon technologies, government intervention in the form of regulations, subsidies and enabling conditions is vital.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document