scholarly journals Sustainable waste management for zero waste cities in China: potential, challenges and opportunities

Clean Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-201
Author(s):  
Roh Pin Lee ◽  
Bernd Meyer ◽  
Qiuliang Huang ◽  
Raoul Voss
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Sustainable Waste Management ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
Carbon Economy ◽  
Secondary Carbon

Abstract Waste is a valuable secondary carbon resource. In the linear economy, it is predominantly landfilled or incinerated. These disposal routes not only lead to diverse climate, environmental and societal problems; they also represent a loss of carbon resources. In a circular carbon economy, waste is used as a secondary carbon feedstock to replace fossil resources for production. This contributes to environmental protection and resource conservation. It furthermore increases a nation’s independence from imported fossil energy sources. China is at the start of its transition from a linear to circular carbon economy. It can thus draw on waste management experiences of other economies and assess the opportunities for transference to support its development of ‘zero waste cities’. This paper has three main focuses. First is an assessment of drivers for China’s zero waste cities initiative and the approaches that have been implemented to combat its growing waste crisis. Second is a sharing of Germany’s experience—a forerunner in the implementation of the waste hierarchy (reduce–reuse–recycle–recover–landfill) with extensive experience in circular carbon technologies—in sustainable waste management. Last is an identification of transference opportunities for China’s zero waste cities. Specific transference opportunities identified range from measures to promote waste prevention, waste separation and waste reduction, generating additional value via mechanical recycling, implementing chemical recycling as a recycling option before energy recovery to extending energy recovery opportunities.

scholarly journals Effect of Bio-Based Products on Waste Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Wojnowska-Baryła ◽  
Dorota Kulikowska ◽  
Katarzyna Bernat
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Industrial Composting

This article focuses on the end-of-life management of bio-based products by recycling, which reduces landfilling. Bio-plastics are very important materials, due to their widespread use in various fields. The advantage of these products is that they primarily use renewable materials. At its end-of-life, a bio-based product is disposed of and becomes post-consumer waste. Correctly designing waste management systems for bio-based products is important for both the environment and utilization of these wastes as resources in a circular economy. Bioplastics are suitable for reuse, mechanical recycling, organic recycling, and energy recovery. The volume of bio-based waste produced today can be recycled alongside conventional wastes. Furthermore, using biodegradable and compostable bio-based products strengthens industrial composting (organic recycling) as a waste management option. If bio-based products can no longer be reused or recycled, it is possible to use them to produce bio-energy. For future effective management of bio-based waste, it should be determined how these products are currently being managed. Methods for valorizing bio-based products should be developed. Technologies could be introduced in conjunction with existing composting and anaerobic digestion infrastructure as parts of biorefineries. One option worth considering would be separating bio-based products from plastic waste, to maintain the effectiveness of chemical recycling of plastic waste. Composting bio-based products with biowaste is another option for organic recycling. For this option to be viable, the conditions which allow safe compost to be produced need to be determined and compost should lose its waste status in order to promote bio-based organic recycling.

scholarly journals Toward integrated and sustainable waste management system in University of Malaya: UM zero waste campaign

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Sumiani Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Sustainable Waste Management ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Waste Management System

With the escalated increase in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in Malaysia reaching a shocking 38,000 ton/day in 2017, a sustainable waste management system is much desired. Nationwide, there are 176 landfills but only 8 are sanitary landfill with the rest are open dumpsites. In the campus of University of Malaya, UM Zero Waste Campaign (UM ZWC) was introduced in 2011 to start a long-term campaign to achieve an integrated and sustainable waste management model and ultimately a zero-waste campus. Since year 2015, UM ZWC is fully funded by Sustainability Science Research Cluster of UM (Susci) as one of the living labs of UM as well as by JPPHB under the RMK-11 budget. UM ZWC operating projects including in house composting center, food waste segregation scheme, research composting emission and waste characterization, anaerobic digestion (AD), used clothes collection program, wood waste separate collection, e-waste collection and drop-off recycling collection were initiated under the campaign. Since the inception of the project in 2011 until December 2017, almost over 620 tons of solid waste has been diverted from disposal in landfill with composting, AD, recycling, re-use and energy recovery. A roadmap of UM ZWC was drawn up in 2013, with a goal to achieve 60% landfill diversion by year 2040. In the next 5-10 years, UM ZWC plays a vital role to formalize the recycling collection in UM and further increase the organic waste recycling with green waste shredding and composting. Besides environmental benefits (pollution prevention and carbon emission reduction), UM ZWC brings various benefits such as academic research opportunities for UM, contribute in UM LCCF (Low carbon city framework) target and serve as platform to improve students soft skills and entrepreneur skill. Multi stakeholders participation, support form top management and industrial collaboration are the key factors that are able to drive the development of a sustainable waste management model in UM campus.

scholarly journals Zero Waste; Energy Recovery From Non-recyclable Mixed Municipal Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Laštůvka ◽  
Tomáš Vítěz ◽  
Jan Chovanec ◽  
Jan Mareček
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Sustainable Utilisation ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Waste Separation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Secondary Materials

Zero Waste is a strategy offering waste management solutions for today’s businesses. The Zero Waste strategy has been created with the objective of stimulating sustainable utilisation of resources, production and consumption with the highest possible level of recycling of generated waste. Due to the fact that currently there is very little information and only few relevant data available as a base for the implementation of the Zero Waste strategy, waste management specialists approach and apply such a strategy in different manners. On the other hand, there are areas of waste management where such a strategy has already been applied on a long-term basis in spite of non-existing relevant legislative tools. Indicators determined in the Zero Waste strategy may be achieved only if the individual countries clearly define legislative environment and adopt a national Zero Waste strategy with achievable objectives unambiguously determined. The area of waste separation, or handling of fractions of waste non-utilisable as secondary materials after separation, is one of the areas directly connected to the Zero Waste strategy. The objective of this paper is the evaluation of the usage of fractions of waste non-utilisable as secondary materials for energy recovery, providing thus valuable knowledge and information for the implementation of the Zero Waste strategy.

scholarly journals Resource recovery and zero waste management option of slaughter house waste in Khulna city corporation of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-327
Author(s):  
MN Amin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Slaughter House

Presently the slaughter houses of khulna city corporation (KCC) area in Bangladesh are being used in such a way that the wastes come from these are polluting the surrounding environment such as river water, solid surface, air etc. In this circumstance, the research analyzed the management options of this slaughter house wastes and determines how this process would be suitably managed through the community participation. To fulfill the above mentioned objective, the research work was conducted through the questionnaire survey, direct observation, face-to-face interview along with the random sample collection and relevant measures of different factors. The research finding reveals that the total quantity of waste produced from these slaughter houses was 2888.45 tonnes/year. The management of this volume of waste was found as unsatisfactory by the most of the stakeholder groups due to fail of the conservation of public health and ecosystem of the local community. However, the analysis of the research data and other relevant information suggest that the potential management system such as a zero waste management of the wastes of slaughter houses in Khulna City Corporation area is possible to implement for more environmentally friendly development of the society which have the potential to resource reuse (waste-to-energy recovery) and others. Finally, the research recommended three separate designs of the conventional biomethanation plant and a potential biogas production model for these slaughter houses. Keywords: Slaughter house; Biomethanation; Zero waste management; Energy recovery; Khulna city corporation DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i2.4742 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(2): 321-327, 2009

The brown side of the green economy: urban garbage and the zero-waste utopia

2012 ◽  
pp. 81-110
Author(s):  
Antonio Massarutto
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Strong Sustainability ◽  
Urban Waste Management

This article illustrates the result of a study based on the life-cycle costing technique applied to urban waste management in a typical Italian setting, in order to discuss the economic and ecological foundations of a management paradigm inspired by the "zero-waste" philosophy. We identify landfill availability as a critical natural capital requiring the adoption of strong sustainability indicators. We argue that the zero-waste approach is neither feasible nor desirable. Instead, strong arguments can be found in favour of a "zero-landfill" strategy, to be achieved through an adequate mix of material and energy recovery.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PLASTIC WASTE RECYCLING METHODS

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Evgeniіa Mykhailova ◽  
Dmytro Deineka ◽  
Hanna Pancheva
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Plastic Waste Recycling

Methods of plastic waste management, the amount of which is constantly growing due to the high demand for polymer products with high performance properties, are considered. The urgency of the problem is explained by longevity of plastic, which, once in the environment, gradually degrades with the formation of substances dangerous to living organisms. The most common ways of plastic waste management are its storage on specially designated land plots or incineration with / without getting heat. Each of these methods has certain disadvantages, which necessitates the introduction of other measures. Recycling of plastic waste into secondary raw materials, energy or products with certain consumer properties can be the promising method of plastic waste management from ecological and economic points of view. The purpose of this work is to analyze the methods of plastic waste recycling, to establish their advantages and disadvantages, to determine the optimal ways for the disposal of polymeric materials with different properties. Two main groups of polymer recycling methods: physical and chemical, are considered. Physical method includes mechanical recycling, which is based on the physical grinding of plastic waste to obtain secondary raw materials without significant changes in the chemical structure of the material. This process is quite simple in terms of technical design, but requires careful sorting and cleaning of waste, and has limitations on the reuse of recycled material. Chemical recycling takes place through the processes of solvolysis (hydrolysis, glycolysis, alcoholysis) and conversion (pyrolysis, gasification). In this case, the plastic waste decomposes into the original molecules – monomers, from which it is possible to get a polymer product with the same properties. Chemical methods allow disposing of unsorted and contaminated polymeric materials many times without losing their quality. Thus, the introduction of the described methods will reduce the amount of plastic waste, turn them into valuable secondary raw materials and reduce using of natural resources used to obtain primary plastic materials.

Taking the Perspectives of Future Generations as an Effective Method for Achieving Sustainable Waste Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpana Pandit ◽  
Yoshinori Nakagawa ◽  
Raja Rajendra Timilsina ◽  
Koji Kotani ◽  
Tatsuyoshi Saijo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Sustainable Waste Management
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