scholarly journals Ventrolateral Prefrontal Neuronal Activity Related to Active Controlled Memory Retrieval in Nonhuman Primates

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. i27-i40 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cadoret ◽  
M. Petrides
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Nonhuman Primates

scholarly journals Maintained avalanche dynamics during task-induced changes of neuronal activity in nonhuman primates

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Yu ◽  
Tiago L Ribeiro ◽  
Christian Meisel ◽  
Samantha Chou ◽  
Andrew Mitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Unit Activity ◽  
Scale Invariance ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Ongoing Activity ◽  
Statistical Regularities ◽  
Induced Changes

Sensory events, cognitive processing and motor actions correlate with transient changes in neuronal activity. In cortex, these transients form widespread spatiotemporal patterns with largely unknown statistical regularities. Here, we show that activity associated with behavioral events carry the signature of scale-invariant spatiotemporal clusters, neuronal avalanches. Using high-density microelectrode arrays in nonhuman primates, we recorded extracellular unit activity and the local field potential (LFP) in premotor and prefrontal cortex during motor and cognitive tasks. Unit activity and negative LFP deflections (nLFP) consistently changed in rate at single electrodes during tasks. Accordingly, nLFP clusters on the array deviated from scale-invariance compared to ongoing activity. Scale-invariance was recovered using ‘adaptive binning’, that is identifying clusters at temporal resolution given by task-induced changes in nLFP rate. Measures of LFP synchronization confirmed and computer simulations detailed our findings. We suggest optimization principles identified for avalanches during ongoing activity to apply to cortical information processing during behavior.

scholarly journals Potent optogenetic inhibition of behavior with anion channelrhodopsins

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan Mohammad ◽  
James C. Stewart ◽  
Stanislav Ott ◽  
Katarina Chlebikova ◽  
Jia Yi Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Circuit Analysis ◽  
Neuronal Circuits ◽  
Current Activity

AbstractOptogenetics employs light exposure to manipulate physiology in genetically modified organisms. There are abundant tools for optogenetic excitation of neuronal activity, but the limitations of current activity photo-inhibitors present an obstacle to demonstrating the necessity of specific neuronal circuits. Here we show that anion channelrhodopsins can be used to specifically and rapidly inhibit a range of systems involved in Drosophila locomotion, wing expansion, memory retrieval and gustation, demonstrating their broad utility to the circuit analysis of behavior.

scholarly journals Author response: Maintained avalanche dynamics during task-induced changes of neuronal activity in nonhuman primates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Yu ◽  
Tiago L Ribeiro ◽  
Christian Meisel ◽  
Samantha Chou ◽  
Andrew Mitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Avalanche Dynamics ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Network-wide oscillations in the parkinsonian state: alterations in neuronal activities occur in the premotor cortex in parkinsonian nonhuman primates

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 2242-2249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Luke A. Johnson ◽  
Alicia L. Jensen ◽  
Kenneth B. Baker ◽  
Gregory F. Molnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Power Spectral

A number of studies suggest that Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with alterations of neuronal activity patterns in the basal-ganglia-thalamocortical circuit. There are limited electrophysiological data, however, describing how the premotor cortex, which is involved in movement and decision-making, is likely impacted in PD. In this study, spontaneous local field potential (LFP) and single unit neuronal activity were recorded in the dorsal premotor area of nonhuman primates in both the naïve and parkinsonian state using the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of parkinsonism. In both animals, we observed a shift of power in LFP power spectral densities (1−350 Hz) from higher to lower frequency bands; parkinsonism resulted in increased power in frequencies <8 Hz and decreased power at frequencies >30 Hz. A comparable but not identical trend was observed in the power spectral analysis of single unit spike trains: alpha power increased in both animals and gamma power decreased in one; power in other frequency bands remaining unchanged. Although not consistent across animals, we also observed changes in discharge rates and bursting activity. Overall, the LFP and single unit analysis suggest that abnormalities in premotor neural activity are a feature of parkinsonism, although specific details of those abnormalities may differ between subjects. This study further supports the concept that PD is a network disorder that induces abnormal spontaneous neural activities across the basal-ganglia-thalamocortical circuit including the premotor cortex and provides foundational knowledge for future studies regarding the relationship between changes in neuronal activity in this region and the development of motor deficits in PD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study begins to fill a gap in knowledge regarding how Parkinson’s disease (PD) may cause abnormal functioning of the premotor cortex. It is novel as the premotor activity is examined in both the naïve and parkinsonian states, in the same subjects, at the single unit and LFP level. It provides foundational knowledge on which to build future studies to explore the relationships between premotor activities and specific parkinsonian motor and cognitive deficits.

scholarly journals Neurons remap to represent memories in the human entorhinal cortex

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Qasim ◽  
Jonathan Miller ◽  
Cory S. Inman ◽  
Robert E. Gross ◽  
Jon T. Willie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Cued Recall ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Past Experiences

AbstractThe entorhinal cortex (EC) is known to play a key role in both memory and spatial navigation. Despite this overlap in spatial and mnemonic circuits, it is unknown how spatially responsive neurons contribute to our ability to represent and distinguish past experiences. Recording from medial temporal lobe (MTL) neurons in subjects performing cued recall of object–location memories in a virtual-reality environment, we identified “trace cells” in the EC that remap their spatial fields to locations subjects were cued to recall on each trial. In addition to shifting its firing field according to the memory cue, this neuronal activity exhibited a firing rate predictive of the cued memory’s content. Critically, this memory-specific neuronal activity re-emerged when subjects were cued for recall without entering the environment, indicating that trace-cell memory representations generalized beyond navigation. These findings suggest a general mechanism for memory retrieval via trace-cell activity and remapping in the EC.

scholarly journals Chronic behavioral manipulation via orally delivered chemogenetic actuator in macaques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Oyama ◽  
Yukiko Hori ◽  
Yuji Nagai ◽  
Naohisa Miyakawa ◽  
Koki Mimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Designer Drugs ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Systemic Injection ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Functional Correlation ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Behavioral Action ◽  
Oral Doses

The chemogenetic technology referred to as designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) offers reversible means to control neuronal activity for investigating its functional correlation with behavioral action. Deschloroclozapine (DCZ), a recently-developed highly potent and selective DREADDs actuator, displays a capacity to expand the utility of DREADDs for chronic manipulation without side-effects in nonhuman primates, which has not yet been validated. Here we investigated the pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects of orally administered DCZ in macaque monkeys. Pharmacokinetic analysis and positron emission tomography (PET) occupancy examination demonstrated that oral administration of DCZ yielded slower and prolonged kinetics, and that its bioavailability was 10-20% of that in the case of systemic injection. Oral DCZ (300-1000 μg/kg) induced significant working memory impairments for at least 4 h in monkeys with hM4Di expressed in the prefrontal cortex. Repeated daily oral doses of DCZ consistently caused similar impairments over two weeks without discernible desensitization. Our results indicate that orally delivered DCZ affords a less invasive strategy for chronic but reversible chemogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity in nonhuman primates, and this has potential for clinical application.

Interindividual Differences in Cognitive Functioning Are Associated with Autobiographical Memory Retrieval Specificity in Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Peters ◽  
Signy Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Generation Task ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Retrieval Cues ◽  
Contextual Support

Abstract. We examined whether interindividual differences in cognitive functioning among older adults are related to episodic memory engagement during autobiographical memory retrieval. Older adults ( n = 49, 24 males; mean age = 69.93; mean education = 15.45) with different levels of cognitive functioning, estimated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), retrieved multiple memories (generation task) and the details of a single memory (elaboration task) to cues representing thematic or event-specific autobiographical knowledge. We found that the MoCA score positively predicted the proportion of specific memories for generation and episodic details for elaboration, but only to cues that represented event-specific information. The results demonstrate that individuals with healthy, but not unhealthy, cognitive status can leverage contextual support from retrieval cues to improve autobiographical specificity.

Time-Based Prospective Memory in Schoolchildren

2011 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babett Voigt ◽  
Ingo Aberle ◽  
Judith Schönfeld ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Strategic Monitoring ◽  
Primary School Age

The present study examined age differences in time-based prospective memory (TBPM) in primary school age children and tested the role of self-initiated memory retrieval and strategic time monitoring (TM) as possible developmental mechanisms. Fifty-four children were recruited from local primary schools (27 younger children, mean age = 7.2 ± 0.55 years, and 27 older children, mean age = 9.61 ± 0.71 years). The task was a driving game scenario in which children had to drive a vehicle (ongoing task) and to remember to refuel before the vehicle runs out of gas (TBPM task, i.e., the fuel gauge served as child-appropriate time equivalent). Fuel gauge was either displayed permanently (low level of self-initiation) or could only be viewed on demand by hitting a button (high level of self-initiation). The results revealed age-dependent TBPM differences with better performance in older children. In contrast, level of self-initiated memory retrieval did not affect TBPM performance. However, strategies of TM influenced TBPM, as more frequent time checking was related to better performance. Patterns of time checking frequency differed according to children’s age and course of the game, suggesting difficulties in maintaining initial strategic TM in younger children. Taken together, the study revealed ongoing development of TBPM across primary school age. Observed age differences seemed to be associated with the ability to maintain strategic monitoring.

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