Accelerating Structural Degeneration in Temporal Regions and Their Effects on Cognition in Aging of MCI Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-338
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Jianan Xia ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Kewei Chen ◽  
Kai Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Preclinical Ad ◽  
Brain Imaging Data ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Age is the major risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, there is limited evidence about MCI-specific aging-related simultaneous changes of the brain structure and their impact on cognition. We analyzed the brain imaging data from 269 subjects (97 MCI patients and 172 cognitively normal [CN] elderly) using voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics procedures to explore the special structural pattern during aging. We found that the patients with MCI showed accelerated age-related reductions in gray matter volume in the left planum temporale, thalamus, and posterior cingulate gyrus. The similar age×group interaction effect was found in the fractional anisotropy of the bilateral parahippocampal cingulum white matter tract, which connects the temporal regions. Importantly, the age-related temporal gray matter and white matter alterations were more significantly related to performance in memory and attention tasks in MCI patients. The accelerated degeneration patterns in the brain structure provide evidence for different neural mechanisms underlying aging in MCI patients. Temporal structural degeneration may serve as a potential imaging marker for distinguishing the progression of the preclinical AD stage from normal aging.

scholarly journals Edited Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Detects an Age-Related Decline in Nonhuman Primate Brain GABA Levels

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanzi He ◽  
Bang-Bon Koo ◽  
Ronald J. Killiany
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gaba Level ◽  
Inhibitory Neurotransmitter ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Brain

Recent research had shown a correlation between aging and decreasing Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. However, how GABA level varies with age in the medial portion of the brain has not yet been studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the GABA level variation with age focusing on the posterior cingulate cortex, which is the “core hub” of the default mode network. In this study, 14 monkeys between 4 and 21 years were recruited, and MEGA-PRESS MRS was performed to measure GABA levels, in order to explore a potential link between aging and GABA. Our results showed that a correlation between age and GABA+/Creatine ratio was at the edge of significance (r=-0.523,p=0.081). There was also a near-significant trend between gray matter/white matter ratio and the GABA+/Creatine ratio (r=-0.518,p=0.0848). Meanwhile, the correlation between age and grey matter showed no significance (r=-0.028,p=0.93). Therefore, age and gray matter/white matter ratio account for different part ofR-squared (adjustedR-squared = 0.5187) as independent variables for predicting GABA levels. AdjustedR-squared is about 0.5 for two independent variables. These findings suggest that there is internal neurochemical variation of GABA levels in the nonhuman primates associated with normal aging and structural brain decline.

scholarly journals Long-term association of pregnancy and maternal brain structure: the Rotterdam Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurate Aleknaviciute ◽  
Tavia E. Evans ◽  
Elif Aribas ◽  
Merel W. de Vries ◽  
Eric A.P. Steegers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Rotterdam Study ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Maternal Brain

ABSTRACTThe peripartum period is the highest risk interval for the onset or exacerbation of psychiatric illness in women’s lives. Notably, pregnancy and childbirth have been associated with short-term structural and functional changes in the maternal human brain. Yet the long-term effects of parity on maternal brain structure remain unknown. Therefore, we utilized a large population-based cohort to examine the association between parity and brain structure. In total, 2,835 women (mean age 65.2 years; all free from dementia, stroke, and cortical brain infarcts) from the Rotterdam Study underwent magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T) between 2005 and 2015. Associations of parity with global and lobar brain tissue volumes, white matter microstructure, and markers of vascular brain disease were examined using regression models. We found that parity was associated with a larger global gray matter volume (β= 0.14, 95% CI = 0.09-0.19), a finding that persisted following adjustment for sociodemographic factors. A non-significant dose-dependent relationship was observed between a higher number of childbirths and larger gray matter volume. The gray matter volume association with parity was globally proportional across lobes. No associations were found regarding white matter volume or integrity, nor with markers of cerebral small vessel disease. The current findings indicate that pregnancy and childbirth are associated with robust long-term changes in brain structure involving larger global gray matter volume that persists for decades. Taken together, these data provide novel insight into the impact of motherhood on the human brain.

scholarly journals Multimodal brain imaging study of 19,825 participants reveals adverse effects of moderate drinking

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remi Daviet ◽  
Gökhan Aydogan ◽  
Kanchana Jagannathan ◽  
Nathaniel Spilka ◽  
Philipp Koellinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Matter Volume

ABSTRACTAlcohol consumption can have significant deleterious consequences, including brain atrophy, neuronal loss, poorer white matter fiber integrity, and cognitive decline, but the effects of light-to-moderate alcohol consumption on brain structure remain unclear. Here we examine the associations between alcohol intake and brain structure using structural, diffusion tensor, and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging data from 19,825 generally healthy middle-aged and older adults from the UK Biobank. Systematically controlling for potential confounds, we found that greater alcohol consumption was associated with lower global gray and white matter volume, regional gray matter volume in cortical and subcortical areas, and white matter fiber integrity and complexity. Post hoc analyses revealed that these associations were non-linear. Our findings extensively characterize the associations between alcohol intake and gray and white matter macrostructure and microstructure. Consuming two or more units of alcohol per day, equivalent to one drink in some establishments, could have negative effects on brain health, an important public health finding.One Sentence SummaryModerate alcohol intake, consuming two or more units of alcohol per day, has negative effects on brain health.

Imaging of neuroinflammation in adult Niemann-Pick type C disease

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (16) ◽  
pp. e1716-e1725
Author(s):  
Mark Walterfang ◽  
Maria A. Di Biase ◽  
Vanessa L. Cropley ◽  
Andrew M. Scott ◽  
Graeme O'Keefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Pet Scanning ◽  
Type C ◽  
Niemann Pick ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Age And Sex

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that neuroinflammation is a key process in adult Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease, we undertook PET scanning utilizing a ligand binding activated microglia on 9 patients and 9 age- and sex-matched controls.MethodWe scanned all participants with the PET radioligand 11C-(R)-PK-11195 and undertook structural MRI to measure gray matter volume and white matter fractional anisotropy (FA).ResultsWe found increased binding of 11C-(R)-PK-11195 in total white matter compared to controls (p < 0.01), but not in gray matter regions, and this did not correlate with illness severity or duration. Gray matter was reduced in the thalamus (p < 0.0001) in patients, who also showed widespread reductions in FA across the brain compared to controls (p < 0.001). A significant correlation between 11C-(R)-PK11195 binding and FA was shown (p = 0.002), driven by the NPC patient group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that neuroinflammation—particularly in white matter—may underpin some structural and degenerative changes in patients with NPC.

scholarly journals Voxel-Based Morphometry Analysis of Gray Matter on Quran Memorizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Jamaludin ◽  
Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin ◽  
Abdul Halim Sapuan ◽  
Radhiana Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Brodmann Area ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Morphometry Analysis ◽  
Current Sample ◽  
The Brain

Introduction: The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. Robust and vigorous daily activities may cause changes to the brain structure. Huffaz, individuals who memorise the Quran undergo intensive memorization training which may lead to structural changes in specific regions of the brain. Materials and method: This study looked at possible change that occurred on gray matter by characterising the textual memorization of brain structure using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). It involves voxel-by-voxel comparison of gray matter intensity of the MRI images. Forty-seven subjects (23 huffaz, 24 non-huffaz) aged between 21-25 years were voluntarily recruited. Subjects were scanned by 3 Tesla MRI system. Images were then re-aligned according to standardised Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinates. The MRIs were then segmented into gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid. Independent sample t-test was performed between the two groups. Results: No significant difference was found between the brain region of the huffaz and non-huffaz with appropriate corrections for family-wise error (FWE) at a threshold of p = 0.05. However, with a more lenient criteria (p = 0.001, uncorrected, cluster size = 50 mm3 ), we found that gray matter volume in Brodmann Area 6 and Brodmann Area 7 of the huffaz were significantly higher than the non-huffaz group. Conclusion: VBM is not sensitive enough to detect complex anatomical differences between huffaz and non-huffaz with the current sample size. Future study to explore possible image processing tools that can measure subtle structural change in human brain is warranted.

scholarly journals Age-related gray matter volume changes in the brain during non-elderly adulthood

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Terribilli ◽  
Maristela S. Schaufelberger ◽  
Fábio L.S. Duran ◽  
Marcus V. Zanetti ◽  
Pedro K. Curiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Long-term association of pregnancy and maternal brain structure: the Rotterdam Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurate Aleknaviciute ◽  
Tavia E. Evans ◽  
Elif Aribas ◽  
Merel W. de Vries ◽  
Eric A. P. Steegers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Rotterdam Study ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Maternal Brain

AbstractThe peripartum period is the highest risk interval for the onset or exacerbation of psychiatric illness in women’s lives. Notably, pregnancy and childbirth have been associated with short-term structural and functional changes in the maternal human brain. Yet the long-term effects of pregnancy on maternal brain structure remain unknown. We investigated a large population-based cohort to examine the association between parity and brain structure. In total, 2,835 women (mean age 65.2 years; all free from dementia, stroke, and cortical brain infarcts) from the Rotterdam Study underwent magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T) between 2005 and 2015. Associations of parity with global and lobar brain tissue volumes, white matter microstructure, and markers of vascular brain disease were examined using regression models. We found that parity was associated with a larger global gray matter volume (β = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.09–0.19), a finding that persisted following adjustment for sociodemographic factors. A non-significant dose-dependent relationship was observed between a higher number of childbirths and larger gray matter volume. The gray matter volume association with parity was globally proportional across lobes. No associations were found regarding white matter volume or integrity, nor with markers of cerebral small vessel disease. The current findings suggest that pregnancy and childbirth are associated with robust long-term changes in brain structure involving a larger global gray matter volume that persists for decades. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the mechanism and physiological relevance of these differences in brain morphology.

scholarly journals Topographic patterns of white matter hyperintensities are associated with multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malo Gaubert ◽  
Catharina Lange ◽  
Antoine Garnier-Crussard ◽  
Theresa Köbe ◽  
Salma Bougacha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume

Abstract Background White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are frequently found in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Commonly considered as a marker of cerebrovascular disease, regional WMH may be related to pathological hallmarks of AD, including beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to examine the regional distribution of WMH associated with Aβ burden, glucose hypometabolism, and gray matter volume reduction. Methods In a total of 155 participants (IMAP+ cohort) across the cognitive continuum from normal cognition to AD dementia, FLAIR MRI, AV45-PET, FDG-PET, and T1 MRI were acquired. WMH were automatically segmented from FLAIR images. Mean levels of neocortical Aβ deposition (AV45-PET), temporo-parietal glucose metabolism (FDG-PET), and medial-temporal gray matter volume (GMV) were extracted from processed images using established AD meta-signature templates. Associations between AD brain biomarkers and WMH, as assessed in region-of-interest and voxel-wise, were examined, adjusting for age, sex, education, and systolic blood pressure. Results There were no significant associations between global Aβ burden and region-specific WMH. Voxel-wise WMH in the splenium of the corpus callosum correlated with greater Aβ deposition at a more liberal threshold. Region- and voxel-based WMH in the posterior corpus callosum, along with parietal, occipital, and frontal areas, were associated with lower temporo-parietal glucose metabolism. Similarly, lower medial-temporal GMV correlated with WMH in the posterior corpus callosum in addition to parietal, occipital, and fontal areas. Conclusions This study demonstrates that local white matter damage is correlated with multimodal brain biomarkers of AD. Our results highlight modality-specific topographic patterns of WMH, which converged in the posterior white matter. Overall, these cross-sectional findings corroborate associations of regional WMH with AD-typical Aß deposition and neurodegeneration.

scholarly journals Voxel-based correlation of 18F-THK5351 accumulation and gray matter volume in the brain of cognitively normal older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Shigemoto ◽  
Daichi Sone ◽  
Miho Ota ◽  
Norihide Maikusa ◽  
Masayo Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Brain
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