Olfactory-trigeminal interactions in patients with Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécilia Tremblay ◽  
Johannes Frasnelli
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Trigeminal System ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Chemosensory Systems ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a highly frequent early non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). An important step to potentially use OD for the development of early diagnostic tools of PD is to differentiate PD-related OD from other forms of non-parkinsonian OD (NPOD: post-viral, sinunasal, post-traumatic and idiopathic OD). Measuring non-olfactory chemosensory modalities, especially the trigeminal system, may allow to characterize a PD-specific olfactory profile.We here review the literature on PD-specific chemosensory alteration patterns compared to NPOD. Specifically, we focused on the impact of PD on the trigeminal system and particularly on the interaction between olfactory and trigeminal systems. As this interaction is seemingly affected in a disease-specific manner, we propose a model of interaction between both chemosensory systems that is distinct for PD-related OD and NPOD. These patterns of chemosensory impairment still need to be confirmed in prodromal PD; nevertheless, appropriate chemosensory tests may eventually help to develop diagnostic tools to identify individuals at risks for PD.

Motor Symptom Asymmetry Predicts Non-motor Outcome and Quality of Life Following STN DBS in Parkinson's Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Péron ◽  
Philippe Voruz ◽  
Jordan Pierce ◽  
Kévin Ahrweiller ◽  
Claire Haegelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stn Dbs

Abstract Risk factors for long-term non-motor disorders and quality of life following subthalamic nucleus deep-brain stimulation (STN DBS) have not yet been fully identified. In the present study, we investigated the impact of motor symptom asymmetry in Parkinson’s disease.Data were extracted for 52 patients with Parkinson’s disease (half with left-sided motor symptoms and half with right-sided ones) who underwent bilateral STN and a matched healthy control group. Performances for cognitive tests and neuropsychiatric and quality-of-life questionnaires at 12 months post-DBS were compared with a pre-DBS baseline. Results indicated a deterioration in cognitive performance post-DBS in patients with left-sided motor symptoms. Performances of patients with right-sided motor symptoms were maintained, except for a verbal executive task. These differential effects had an impact on patients’ quality of life. The results highlight the existence of two distinct cognitive profiles of Parkinson’s disease, depending on motor symptom asymmetry. This asymmetry is a potential risk factor for non-motor adverse effects following STN DBS.

scholarly journals B-23 Non-Motor Symptom Profile in Parkinson’s Disease Patients and its impact on Quality of Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-969
Author(s):  
L Sabbah-Talasazan ◽  
J Miller ◽  
J Wertheimer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective Non-motor Symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) are known to be diverse and may include cognitive, psychiatric and sleep disturbance, fatigue, and autonomic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular dysregulation, orthostatic hypotension, thermo-dysregulation, sexual dysfunction, urinary and bowel dyscontrol). The aim of this study was to define the NMS profile in a large sample of PD patients with and without Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and its impact on quality of life (QOL). Method Cross-sectional, survey-based research design was used. 1,164 individuals with PD participated in this survey: 275 participants who underwent DBS and 889 without DBS. Participants completed the Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS) and answered questions assessing the impact of NMS on everyday life. Participants were divided into younger (ages 50-69) and older (ages 70+) age cohorts and disease duration cohorts with early stage ( < 6 years) and advanced stage (6-10 years; 11+ years) groups. Results 24 out of 31 NMS categories were experienced by more than 50% of the participants. Urination difficulty, fatigue, sleep, constipation, and cognitive difficulties were symptoms most frequently reported to adversely impact day-to-day living, and cognitive difficulties followed by sleep disturbance had the strongest impact to quality of life. Conclusions NMS burden drives quality of life for many individuals and has remained a relatively new frontier for exploration, at least in depth and scope as it relates to assessment and treatment of NMS. Management of NMS remains an unmet need for individuals with PD. Implications for neuropsychologists are discussed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Sleep Quality on Cognitive Functioning in Parkinson's Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Stavitsky ◽  
Sandy Neargarder ◽  
Yelena Bogdanova ◽  
Patrick McNamara ◽  
Alice Cronin-Golomb
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Psychomotor Function ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn healthy individuals and those with insomnia, poor sleep quality is associated with decrements in performance on tests of cognition, especially executive function. Sleep disturbances and cognitive deficits are both prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD). Sleep problems occur in over 75% of patients, with sleep fragmentation and decreased sleep efficiency being the most common sleep complaints, but their relation to cognition is unknown. We examined the association between sleep quality and cognition in PD. In 35 non-demented individuals with PD and 18 normal control adults (NC), sleep was measured using 24-hr wrist actigraphy over 7 days. Cognitive domains tested included attention and executive function, memory and psychomotor function. In both groups, poor sleep was associated with worse performance on tests of attention/executive function but not memory or psychomotor function. In the PD group, attention/executive function was predicted by sleep efficiency, whereas memory and psychomotor function were not predicted by sleep quality. Psychomotor and memory function were predicted by motor symptom severity. This study is the first to demonstrate that sleep quality in PD is significantly correlated with cognition and that it differentially impacts attention and executive function, thereby furthering our understanding of the link between sleep and cognition. (JINS, 2012, 18, 108–117)

scholarly journals The Impact of Clinical and Cognitive Variables on Social Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Patient versus Examiner Estimates

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McNamara ◽  
Karina Stavitsky ◽  
Raymon Durso ◽  
Erica Harris
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. To assess the impact of clinical variables on social skills and behaviors in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and patient versus examiner estimates of social functioning.Methods. Twenty-eight patients with PD and 32 controls with chronic disease were assessed with a battery of neuropsychologic, personality, mood, and social function tests.Results. Patients' estimates of their own social functioning were not significantly different from examiners' estimates. The impact of clinical variables on social functioning in PD revealed depression to be the strongest association of social functioning in PD on both the patient and the examiner version of the Social Adaptation Self-Evaluation Scale.Conclusions. PD patients appear to be well aware of their social strengths and weaknesses. Depression and motor symptom severity are significant predictors of both self- and examiner reported social functioning in patients with PD. Assessment and treatment of depression in patients with PD may improve social functioning and overall quality of life.

Effects of Motor Symptom Laterality on Clinical Manifestations and Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1611-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Cubo ◽  
Pablo Martínez-Martín ◽  
Jerónimo González-Bernal ◽  
Elena Casas ◽  
Sandra Arnaiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

Background: The asymmetry of motor manifestations present in Parkinson’s disease (PD) suggests the existence of differences between both hemispheres. As a consequence, this asymmetry might contribute to different PD clinical phenotypes. Objective: To study the relationship between motor symptom laterality with motor, non-motor symptoms (NMS), freezing of gait (FOG), and quality of life (QoL) impairment in PD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we measured motor symptoms severity and complications with the Unified Parkinsons’ disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), FOG with the FOG questionnaire, QoL with the 39-item PD Quality of Life Questionnaire Summary Index, and NMS with the NMS, Visual Analogue Scales for Pain and Fatigue, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders, and PD Sleep and Cognitive Rating scales. We defined left and right motor laterality using the UPDRS part III. We used comparative, regression, and effect size analyses to evaluate the impact of asymmetry on motor and NMS, FOG, and QoL. Results: 342 left (LPD) and 310 right (RPD) patients, with a mean age of 62.0±8.8 years, were included. In multivariate regression analysis, LPD was associated with a greater motor (OR = 1,50, 95% CI 1.02–2.21), FOG (OR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.01–2.41), and overall NMS impairment (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.001–2.06), and better QoL (OR = 0.52 95% CI 0.32–0.85). Overall, only a mild effect size was found for all comparisons in which significant differences were present. Conclusion: In this large multicenter study, motor symptom laterality seems to carry a mild but significant impact on PD clinical manifestations, and QoL.

scholarly journals Olfactory Dysfunction Predicts Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease: A Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runcheng He ◽  
Yuwen Zhao ◽  
Yan He ◽  
Yangjie Zhou ◽  
Jinxia Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Motor Symptom

Background and Objective:Olfactory dysfunction (hyposmia) is an important non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). To investigate the potential prognostic value of hyposmia as a marker for disease progression, we prospectively assessed clinical manifestations and longitudinal changes of hyposmic PD patients and normosmic ones.MethodsOlfactory function was evaluated with the Sniffin’ Sticks in PD patients at baseline. One hundred five hyposmic PD patients and 59 normosmic PD patients were enrolled and followed up for 2 years. They were subsequently evaluated at baseline and during follow-up periods with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. Clinical manifestations and disease progressions were compared between hyposmic and normosmic patients. In addition, the relationship between disease progressions and olfactory function was analyzed.ResultsOur study suggested that hyposmic PD patients and normosmic ones were similar in gender, age, education levels, age of onset, disease duration, and clinical features at baseline. Hyposmic PD patients exhibited more severe Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part II–III (UPDRS II-III) scores, higher levodopa equivalent dose (LED) needs, and poorer Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score at follow-up visits compared to those in normosmic PD patients. Hyposmia also showed greater rates in the increase of LED needs, improvement of UPDRS III score, and deterioration of MMSE score. Both improvement of UPDRS III score and decline of MMSE score were associated with poorer odor identification.ConclusionOur prospective study demonstrated that hyposmic PD patients showed a relatively worse clinical course compared with normosmic patients. Olfactory dysfunction is a useful predictor of disease progression.

scholarly journals Effects of Cognitive Performance and Affective Status on Fatigue in Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Spirgi ◽  
Antonia Meyer ◽  
Pasquale Calabrese ◽  
Ute Gschwandtner ◽  
Peter Fuhr
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Physical Fatigue ◽  
Motor Functioning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Work Supports

Background: Fatigue is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is typically assessed via self-reported questionnaires such as the Parkinson’s Fatigue Scale (PFS). The PFS captures the presence of subjective experience of physical fatigue as well as its impact on daily functioning. Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether different variables (cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, disease-related measures) are associated with the experience of physical fatigue in comparison to fatigue affecting daily functioning. Method: Sixty-two non-demented PD patients were evaluated through questionnaires assessing fatigue, daytime sleepiness, apathy, depression, anxiety, and cognition. Items of fatigue were classified and summarized into two index variables measuring either the subjective experience of physical fatigue or the impact of fatigue on daily functioning. Linear regression with a stepwise elimination procedure was conducted to select the significant predictors for each index variable separately. Results: Subjective experience of physical fatigue (Model 1; r2 = 0.46; p <0.01) was significantly associated with higher levels of depression (b =0.07; p <0.01), anxiety (b =0.03; p <0.05), and lower performances in verbal episodic memory (b =–0.16; p <0.05). Fatigue affecting daily functioning (Model 2; r2 = 0.44; p <0.05) was significantly related to higher levels of depression (b = 0.07; p < 0.01), anxiety (b = 0.03; p > 0.05), and lower motor functioning (b = 0.01; p = 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, our work supports associations between fatigue and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in PD and extends prior work suggesting that motor disturbances are specifically linked to fatigue-related impairment of daily functioning, but not to the subjective experience of physical fatigue.

scholarly journals Dopamine Depletion Alters Macroscopic Network Dynamics in Parkinson’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Shine ◽  
Peter T. Bell ◽  
Elie Matar ◽  
Russell A. Poldrack ◽  
Simon J.G. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Dopamine Depletion ◽  
Network Integration ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
The Impact

AbstractParkinson’s disease is primarily characterised by diminished dopaminergic function, however the impact of these impairments on large-scale brain dynamics remains unclear. It has been difficult to disentangle the direct effects of Parkinson’s disease from compensatory changes that reconfigure the functional signature of the whole brain network. To examine the causal role of dopamine depletion in network-level topology, we investigated time-varying network structure in 37 individuals with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, both ‘On’ and ‘Off’ dopamine replacement therapy, along with 50 age-matched, healthy control subjects using resting-state functional MRI. By tracking dynamic network-level topology, we found that the Parkinson’s disease ‘Off’ state was associated with greater network-level integration than in the ‘On’ state. The extent of integration in the ‘Off’ state inversely correlated with motor symptom severity, suggesting that a shift toward a more integrated network topology may be a compensatory mechanism associated with preserved motor function in the dopamine depleted ‘Off’ state. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate that measures of both cognitive and brain reserve (i.e., premorbid intelligence and whole brain grey matter volume) had a positive relationship with the relative increase in network integration observed in the dopaminergic ‘Off’ state. This suggests that each of these factors plays an important role in promoting network integration in the dopaminergic ‘Off’ state. Our findings provide a mechanistic basis for understanding the PD ‘Off’ state and provide a further conceptual link with network-level reconfiguration. Together, our results highlight the mechanisms responsible for pathological and compensatory change in Parkinson’s disease.

Functional Optical Hemodynamic Imaging of the Olfactory Cortex in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

2011 ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Karaki ◽  
Eiji Kobayashi ◽  
Ryuichi Kobayashi ◽  
Kosuke Akiyama ◽  
Tetsuo Toge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Isovaleric Acid ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Baseline Values

Olfactory dysfunction is a frequent non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). This symptom is considered to be an early manifestation of the disease. The aim of this study was to establish the cortical basis of olfactory function in patients with PD. This study was conducted on ten healthy, normosmic subjects and seven patients with PD (one with subjective olfactory dysfunction and nine without subjective olfactory dysfunction). We employed a 22-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device with eight light-incident fibers and seven light-detector fibers, each with an inter-optode distance of 2.5 centimeters on the frontal head. Isovaleric acid was used as the odor stimulant. We measured the change in total hemoglobin concentrations (totalHb) from pre-baseline values and compared the results obtained for healthy normosmic subjects and patients with PD. In all healthy normosmic subjects and three patients with PD, isovaleric acid caused remarkable changes in (totalHb), especially in the lower areas of the frontal cortex. However, in four patients with PD, isovaleric acid caused no changes. This result indicates that subjective symptoms are different from objective test results in patients with PD. These activated areas may be related to the orbitofrontal cortex corresponding to the olfactory cortices. This study suggests that normosmic subjects with PD already have damage to their olfactory function.

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