scholarly journals Gemykibivirus Genome in Lower Respiratory Tract of Elderly Woman With Unexplained Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 861-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yanpeng Li ◽  
Xi He ◽  
Jinmin Ma ◽  
Wenxin Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Elderly Woman ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Metagenomics Analysis

Abstract Using metagenomics analysis, we are the first to identify the presence of a small, circular, single-stranded Gemykibivirus (GkV) genome from the respiratory tract of an elderly woman with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Our results suggest that further studies on whether GkVs infect humans and cause respiratory disease are needed.

scholarly journals Lower Respiratory Tract Infection and Short-Term Outcome in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando G. Zampieri ◽  
Pedro Póvoa ◽  
Jorge I. Salluh ◽  
Alejandro Rodriguez ◽  
Sandrine Valade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Icu Mortality ◽  
Mortality Model

Objective: To assess whether ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (VA-LRTIs) are associated with mortality in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Materials and Methods: Post hoc analysis of prospective cohort study including mechanically ventilated patients from a multicenter prospective observational study (TAVeM study); VA-LRTI was defined as either ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) based on clinical criteria and microbiological confirmation. Association between intensive care unit (ICU) mortality in patients having ARDS with and without VA-LRTI was assessed through logistic regression controlling for relevant confounders. Association between VA-LRTI and duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay was assessed through competing risk analysis. Contribution of VA-LRTI to a mortality model over time was assessed through sequential random forest models. Results: The cohort included 2960 patients of which 524 fulfilled criteria for ARDS; 21% had VA-LRTI (VAT = 10.3% and VAP = 10.7%). After controlling for illness severity and baseline health status, we could not find an association between VA-LRTI and ICU mortality (odds ratio: 1.07; 95% confidence interval: 0.62-1.83; P = .796); VA-LRTI was also not associated with prolonged ICU length of stay or duration of mechanical ventilation. The relative contribution of VA-LRTI to the random forest mortality model remained constant during time. The attributable VA-LRTI mortality for ARDS was higher than the attributable mortality for VA-LRTI alone. Conclusion: After controlling for relevant confounders, we could not find an association between occurrence of VA-LRTI and ICU mortality in patients with ARDS.

scholarly journals Neutrophil extracellular traps persist at high levels in the lower respiratory tract of critically ill COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner J D Ouwendijk ◽  
Matthijs P Raadsen ◽  
Jeroen J A van Kampen ◽  
Robert M Verdijk ◽  
Jan H von der Thusen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Extracellular Traps

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 induced lower respiratory tract (LRT) disease can deteriorate to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Because the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is implicated in ARDS pathogenesis, we investigated the presence of NETs and correlates of pathogenesis in blood and LRT samples of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Plasma NET levels peaked early after ICU admission and correlated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA load in sputum and levels of neutrophil-recruiting chemokines and inflammatory markers in plasma. Baseline plasma NET quantity correlated with disease severity, but was not associated with soluble markers of thrombosis nor with development of thrombosis. High NET levels were present in LRT samples and persisted during the course of COVID-19, consistent with the detection of NETs in bronchi and alveolar spaces in lung tissue from fatal COVID-19 patients. Thus, NETs are produced and retained in the LRT of critical COVID-19 patients and could contribute to SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS pathology.  

Iron and iron-related proteins in the lower respiratory tract of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Ghio ◽  
Jacqueline D. Carter ◽  
Judy H. Richards ◽  
Lori D. Richer ◽  
Colin K. Grissom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Related Proteins

CLINIC AND COMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS DISEASE WITH PATHOGENESIS ELEMENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
I. V. Аndrusovich
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract

The longer the COVID−19 coronavirus pandemic lasts, the more information about its clinical manifestations is accumulated. The incubation period of COVID−19 ranges from 2 to 14 days, rarely up to 3 weeks, but in a significant number of cases an infection is not accompanied with the appearance of clinical symptoms. Currently, the following variants of the clinical course of COVID−19 can be identified as follows: viral load; subclinical; slight; uncomplicated with damage to only the upper respiratory tract; mild pneumonia, severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, etc. The clinical course of COVID−19 depends on the severity, the criteria of which are the intoxication manifestation, the degree of fever and the dominant syndrome. Mild / moderate forms are manifested by frequent increase in body temperature up to 38 ° C, respiratory symptoms, headache, myalgias, palpitations and general malaise. Patients stop distinguishing smells and feel the taste of food. Approximately from the 7th to the 9th days of the disease there are problems with breathing, which indicates the impairment of the lower respiratory tract and the beginning of the second phase of the disease, and its course is regarded as severe. Severe forms of the disease can also be manifested by impaired coordination of movements, slurred speech. In 1 to 4 % of patients there is developed the psychosis in the form of hallucinations. In the elderly, COVID−19 may be accompanied by delirium, lowering blood pressure. The risks of adverse disease are associated with somatic diseases: cardiovascular and nervous systems, respiratory tract, hormonal disorders, etc. Otitis, sinusitis, sepsis, bronchopulmonary infection, thrombosis, myocarditis etc. can be the complications of COVID−19. Computer tomography is an instrumental test that demonstrates the damage of lungs with coronavirus and allows to assess its severity. Key words: coronavirus infection, COVID−19, clinical variants, severity, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome.

scholarly journals SARS coronavirus 2: from genome to infectome

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghana Rastogi ◽  
Neha Pandey ◽  
Astha Shukla ◽  
Sunit K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
The People ◽  
Multisystemic Disorders

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the group of Betacoronaviruses. The SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to SARS-CoV-1 and probably originated either from bats or pangolins. SARS-CoV-2 is an etiological agent of COVID-19, causing mild to severe respiratory disease which escalates to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or multi-organ failure. The virus was first reported from the animal market in Hunan, Hubei province of China in the month of December, 2019, and was rapidly transmitted from animal to human and human-to-human. The human-to-human transmission can occur directly or via droplets generated during coughing and sneezing. Globally, around 53.9 million cases of COVID-19 have been registered with 1.31 million confirmed deaths. The people > 60 years, persons suffering from comorbid conditions and immunocompromised individuals are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection. The virus primarily targets the upper and the lower respiratory tract and quickly disseminates to other organs. SARS-CoV-2 dysregulates immune signaling pathways which generate cytokine storm and leads to the acute respiratory distress syndrome and other multisystemic disorders.

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