High-density lipoprotein (HDL), HDL2, and HDL3 cholesterol concentrations determined in serum of newborns, infants, children, adolescents, and adults by use of a micromethod for combined precipitation ultracentrifugation

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Asayama ◽  
A Miyao ◽  
K Kato
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Hdl Subfractions ◽  
Stepwise Manner ◽  
Related Difference ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Abstract Cholesterol (C) concentrations in the two major subfractions of high-density lipoproteins (HDL2-C and HDL3-C) in sera from both sexes, ages ranging from newborns to adults, were measured by use of a micromethod for combined precipitation-ultracentrifugation. Sera were obtained from 91 boys, 68 girls, 15 healthy men, and 14 women. The HDL2-C concentration was higher in women than in men; the HDL3-C concentration was similar in these two groups. This sex-related difference, generally seen in adults, was found to begin at ages 11-15 y. The value of HDL2-C in females increased with age in a stepwise manner, whereas that in males increased up to ages 6-10 y but tended to decline thereafter. The HDL3-C concentration was higher in the adults than in the children. This micromethod for separating operationally defined HDL subfractions is of value for lipoprotein research in children.

scholarly journals High-Density Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Disease: The Good, the Bad and the Future

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Josep Julve ◽  
Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Plasma High Density ◽  
Low Levels

Epidemiological studies have shown that low levels of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) [...]

Determination of high-density lipoprotein phospholipids in serum.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1275-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Color Development ◽  
The Mean

Abstract I describe a method for measuring high-density lipoprotein phospholipids. Magnesium chloride and dextran sulfate are used to precipitate all low-density and very-low-density lipoproteins. The supernate contains only high-density lipoproteins, the phospholipid concentration of which is determined by an enzymic method. The precision of the method (CV) is 2.35% (10 repeated assays), and the mean value for HDL-phospholipids was 1006 (SD 248) mg/L for 30 apparently healthy subjects. I used electrophoresis and enzymic color development to confirm the presence of HDL-phospholipids. Results are compared with those obtained by an ultracentrifugation method.

The interaction of lipolysis products of very low density lipoprotein with plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL): perfusate HDL with plasma HDL subfractions

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Tam ◽  
W. C. Breckenridge
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Hdl Subfractions ◽  
Apo E

The nature of the interaction of high density lipoproteins (HDL), formed during lipolysis of human very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) by perfused rat heart, with subfractions of human plasma HDL was investigated. Perfusate HDL, containing apoliproproteins (apo) E, C-II, and C-III but no apo A-I or A-II, was incubated with a subfraction of HDL (HDL-A) containing apo A-I and A-II, but devoid of apo C-II, C-III, and E. The products of the incubation were resolved by heparin-Sepharose or hydroxylapatite chromatography under conditions which allowed the resolution of the initial HDL-A and perfusate HDL. The fractions were analyzed for apolipoprotein content and lipid composition and assessed for particle size by electron microscopy. Following the incubation, the apo-E-containing lipoproteins were distinct from perfusate HDL since they contained apo A-I as a major component and apo C-II and C-III in reduced proportions. However, the HDL-A fraction contained apo C-II and C-III as major constituents. Associated with these changes in apolipoprotein composition, the apo-E-rich lipoproteins acquired cholesteryl ester from the HDL-A fraction and lost phospholipid to the HDL-A fraction. The HDL-A fraction maintained a low unesterified cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio (0.23), while the apo-E-containing lipoproteins possessed a high ratio (0.75) characteristic of the perfusate HDL. The particle size of apo-E-containing lipoproteins (138.9 ± 22.5 Å; 1 Å = 0.1 nm) was larger than the initial HDL-A (126.5 ± 17.6 Å) or the new HDL-A-like fraction (120.9 ± 17.4 Å) obtained following incubation with perfusate HDL. It is concluded that incubation of perfusate HDL containing apo E, C-II, and C-III with plasma HDL subfractions results in the acquisition of apo A-I and cholesteryl esters by the apo-E-containing perfusate HDL and the loss of apo C-II, C-III, and phospholipid to the plasma HDL-A fraction. The process does not appear to be due to fusion of the particles, since the apo-E-containing lipoproteins maintain a cholesterol/phospholipid ratio distinct from the HDL-A fraction. The data provide evidence for a potential mechanism for the formation of HDL-E, an apo-E-containing lipoprotein of HDL size and density, through lipolysis of VLDL.

scholarly journals Featured Article: Depletion of HDL3 high density lipoprotein and altered functionality of HDL2 in blood from sickle cell patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 (12) ◽  
pp. 1244-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Soupene ◽  
Sandra K Larkin ◽  
Frans A Kuypers
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cell Disease

In sickle cell disease (SCD), alterations of cholesterol metabolism is in part related to abnormal levels and activity of plasma proteins such as lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), and apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). In addition, the size distribution of ApoA-I high density lipoproteins (HDL) differs from normal blood. The ratio of the amount of HDL2 particle relative to the smaller higher density pre-β HDL (HDL3) particle was shifted toward HDL2. This lipoprotein imbalance is exacerbated during acute vaso-occlusive episodes (VOE) as the relative levels of HDL3 decrease. HDL3 deficiency in SCD plasma was found to relate to a slower ApoA-I exchange rate, which suggests an impaired ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux in SCD. HDL2 isolated from SCD plasma displayed an antioxidant capacity normally associated with HDL3, providing evidence for a change in function of HDL2 in SCD as compared to HDL2 in normal plasma. Although SCD plasma is depleted in HDL3, this altered capacity of HDL2 could account for the lack of difference in pro-inflammatory HDL levels in SCD as compared to normal. Exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to HDL2 isolated from SCD plasma resulted in higher mRNA levels of the acute phase protein long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as compared to incubation with HDL2 from control plasma. Addition of the heme-scavenger hemopexin protein prevented increased expression of PTX3 in sickle HDL2-treated cells. These findings suggest that ApoA-I lipoprotein composition and functions are altered in SCD plasma, and that whole blood transfusion may be considered as a blood replacement therapy in SCD. Impact statement Our study adds to the growing evidence that the dysfunctional red blood cell (RBC) in sickle cell disease (SCD) affects the plasma environment, which contributes significantly in the vasculopathy that defines the disease. Remodeling of anti-inflammatory high density lipoprotein (HDL) to pro-inflammatory entities can occur during the acute phase response. SCD plasma is depleted of the pre-β particle (HDL3), which is essential for stimulation of reverse cholesterol from macrophages, and the function of the larger HDL2 particle is altered. These dysfunctions are exacerbated during vaso-occlusive episodes. Interaction of lipoproteins with endothelium increases formation of inflammatory mediators, a process counteracted by the heme-scavenger hemopexin. This links hemolysis to lipoprotein-mediated inflammation in SCD, and hemopexin treatment could be considered. The use of RBC concentrates in transfusion therapy of SCD patients underestimates the importance of the dysfunctional plasma compartment, and transfusion of whole blood or plasma may be warranted.

High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Current Perspective for Clinicians

Angiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Whayne
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Transfer Protein

High-density lipoproteins are regarded as “good guys” but not always. Situations involving high-density lipoproteins are discussed and medication results are considered. Clinicians usually consider high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Nicotinic acid is the best available medication to elevate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and this appears beneficial for cardiovascular risk. The major problem with nicotinic acid is that many patients do not tolerate the associated flushing. Laropiprant decreases this flushing and has an approval in Europe but not in the United States. The most potent medications for increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors. The initial drug in this class, torcetrapib, was eliminated by excess cardiovascular problems. Two newer cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors, R1658 and anacetrapib, initially appear promising. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol may play an important role in improving cardiovascular risk in the 60% of patients who do not receive cardiovascular mortality/morbidity benefit from low-density lipoproteins reduction by statins.

High-density lipoprotein subfractions measured in stored serum

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1713-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
L L Bausserman ◽  
A L Saritelli ◽  
D Milosavljevic
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Manganese Chloride ◽  
Lipoprotein Subfractions ◽  
Hdl Subfractions ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Subfractions

Abstract We compared the effects of freezing serum on the determination of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions by two dual-precipitation methods, heparin and manganese chloride/dextran sulfate (HM/DS) (Gidez et al., J Lipid Res 1982;23:1206-23) and DS/DS (Warnick et al., Clin Chem 1982;28:1574), and by ultracentrifugation. Storing serum for 1 month at -70 degrees C resulted in reduced HDL3-cholesterol by ultracentrifugation and reduced total and HDL3-cholesterol by the DS/DS method. There was no change in either total HDL-cholesterol or HDL3-cholesterol with the HM/DS method. Additional studies involving only HM/DS indicated that total HDL-cholesterol in serum stored at 4 degrees C begins to decline after 3 days (-3.1 +/- 3.5%, P < 0.1). HDL was stable at -20 degrees C for 2 weeks but both total and HDL3-cholesterol decreased significantly after 1 month. Storage of serum at -70 degrees C resulted in no changes for 1 year; however, at 18 months, HDL3-cholesterol was reduced 13% (P = 0.002). We conclude that HDL subfractions can be determined accurately in serum as well as in plasma after storage at -70 degrees C for up to 1 year.

Changes in high-density lipoprotein-carried miRNA contribution to the plasmatic pool after consumption of dietarytransfat in healthy men

Epigenomics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Desgagné ◽  
Renée Guérin ◽  
Simon-Pierre Guay ◽  
François Corbin ◽  
Patrick Couture ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Healthy Men
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