Relevance of macro creatine kinase type 1 and type 2 isoenzymes to laboratory and clinical data

Abstract From 8322 patients for whom creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) isoenzyme analysis was ordered, we identified 136 patients with macro CK isoenzyme in their serum. There were 36 cases with type 1 (prevalence: 0.43%) and 100 cases with type 2 isoenzyme (prevalence: 1.20%). About three-fourths of the patients were ambulatory at the time of testing, and approximately 90% of the first 68 patients identified survived at least 1 year after macro CK was found in their serum. Age and gender did not differ significantly between the two groups. The serum total CK was significantly higher (P < 0.0005), and an increased CK-MB proportion (> 0.05 of total CK) was also significantly more common (P < 0.0005) in patients with macro CK type 1 than in those with type 2. On average, macro CK type 2 accounted for approximately 25% and macro CK type 1 for approximately 10% of the serum total CK activity. Patients with macro CK type 1 most often had myositis, whereas those with macro CK type 2 most commonly had a malignancy. We conclude that the presence of macro CK isoenzymes has a low prognostic value for impending death, but may support the diagnosis of an autoimmune process (type 1) or malignant cell proliferation (type 2).

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Age- and Gender-Related Differences in LDL-Cholesterol Management in Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2015/957105 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Giuseppina Russo ◽

Basilio Pintaudi ◽

Carlo Giorda ◽

Giuseppe Lucisano ◽

Antonio Nicolucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Diabetes Duration ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Chd Risk ◽

And Gender

Background. Dyslipidemia contribute to the excess of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk observed in women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is the major target for CHD prevention, and T2DM women seem to reach LDL-C targets less frequently than men.Aim. To explore age- and gender-related differences in LDL-C management in a large sample of outpatients with T2DM.Results. Overall, 415.294 patients (45.3% women) from 236 diabetes centers in Italy were included. Women were older and more obese, with longer diabetes duration, higher total-cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C serum levels compared to men (P<0.0001). Lipid profile was monitored in ~75% of subjects, women being monitored less frequently than men, irrespective of age. More women did not reach the LDL-C target as compared to men, particularly in the subgroup treated with lipid-lowering medications. The between-genders gap in reaching LDL-C targets increased with age and diabetes duration, favouring men in all groups.Conclusions. LDL-C management is worst in women with T2DM, who are monitored and reach targets less frequently than T2DM men. Similarly to men, they do not receive medications despite high LDL-C. These gender discrepancies increase with age and diabetes duration, exposing older women to higher CHD risk.

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C2 Fracture Subtypes, Incidence, and Treatment Allocation Change with Age: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 233 Consecutive Cases

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/8321680 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Anna-Lena Robinson ◽

Anders Möller ◽

Yohan Robinson ◽

Claes Olerud

Keyword(s):

Cervical Vertebra ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Treatment Allocation ◽

Odontoid Fractures ◽

And Gender ◽

C2 Fracture ◽

Type 3 ◽

Gender Specific

The currently available data on the distribution of C2 fracture subtypes is sparse. This study was designed to identify the proportions of the second cervical vertebra (C2) fracture subtypes and to present age and gender specific incidences of subgroups. A dataset of all patients treated between 2002 and 2014 for C2 fractures was extracted from the regional hospital information system. C2 fractures were classified into odontoid fractures types 1, 2, and 3, Hangman’s fractures types 1, 2, and 3, and atypical C2 fractures. 233 patients (female 51%, age 72±19 years) were treated for a C2 fracture. Odontoid fractures were found in 183 patients, of which 2 were type 1, 127 type 2, and 54 type 3, while 26 of C2 fractures were Hangman’s fractures and 24 were atypical C2 fractures. In the geriatric subgroup 89% of all C2 fractures were odontoid, of which 71% were type 2 and 29% type 3. There was an increasing incidence of odontoid fractures types 2 and 3 from 2002 to 2014. 40% of C2 fractures were treated surgically. This study presents reliable subset proportions of C2 fractures in a prospectively collected regional cohort. Knowledge of these proportions facilitates future epidemiological studies of C2 fractures.

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P29 Age- and gender-specific differences in incidence rates of type 1 diabetes in Antwerp, Belgium (1989–1997)

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/s0168-8227(99)90051-7 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. S20

Author(s):

I. Weets ◽

H. Dorchy ◽

M. Coeckelberghs ◽

I. De Leeuw ◽

M. Du Caju ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Gender Specific Differences ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Specific

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Copeptin levels in patients with coronary artery ectasia

Interventional Medicine and Applied Science ◽

10.1556/1646.11.2019.08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 112-116

Author(s):

Ozkan Yavcin ◽

Lutfu Askin ◽

Ozlem Seçen ◽

Serdar Turkmen ◽

Erdal Akturk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Rapid Rise ◽

Coronary Artery Ectasia ◽

Coronary Anatomy ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Catheter Laboratory ◽

And Gender ◽

Study Participants ◽

Diagnostic And Prognostic Value

Background and aims The etiology and pathophysiology of coronary artery ectasia (CAE) has not been fully elucidated. A rapid rise in plasma copeptin has been observed in cardiovascular diseases, stroke, sepsis, and shock. This increase has diagnostic and prognostic value. The aim of this study was to investigate whether copeptin has a relationship with CAE. Methods This observational prospective study was carried out between October 2012 and March 2013 in the cardiology catheter laboratory with the inclusion of 44 subjects with a diagnosis of CAE and 44 age- and gender-matched individuals with normal coronary arteries. Blood samples obtained from the patients were stored at −70 °C until analysis and copeptin levels in sera were measured by ELISA. Results This study comprised 88 study participants, among whom 44 were patients meeting ectasia criteria [mean age: 58.0 ± 11.5 years; 59% (n = 26) male], and 44 were control subjects with angiographically normal coronary anatomy [mean age: 49.2 ± 10.1 years; 30% (n = 13) male]. Copeptin levels were similar between the groups (p > 0.05). In addition, there was no correlation between copeptin levels and CAE. Conclusion In this study, it is examined that copeptin levels were not elevated in CAE patients.

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Macromolecular creatine kinase type 1: a serum marker associated with disease

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/37.3.430 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 430-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Muriȵl Laureys ◽

Jean-Pau Sion ◽

Hans Slabbynck ◽

Laurette Steenssens ◽

Chrlsta Cobbaert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Creatine Kinase ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Serum Marker ◽

Isoenzyme Analysis ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Clinical Associations ◽

Selection Of Patients ◽

Age And Sex ◽

Selection Of

Abstract The prevalence of circulating macromolecular creatine kinase type 1 (macro CK type 1 or CK-immunoglobulin complexes) is significantly higher in a patient population selected for CK isoenzyme assay than in age- and sex-matched blood donors (n = 1304). In greater than 8000 patients studied, 49 individuals with macro CK type 1 were identified, yielding an overall prevalence of 0.61%. Macro CK type 1 complexes occurred more frequently in women and in patients older than 70 years, and were often associated with complications of cardiovascular disease, life-threatening conditions, and poor outcome. These latter clinical associations could arise, at least partly, from the selection of patients for whom CK isoenzyme analysis was ordered.

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