scholarly journals Limitations of the Glycemic Index and the Need for Nuance When Determining Carbohydrate Quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitch Kanter ◽  
Siddhartha Angadi ◽  
Julie Miller Jones ◽  
Katherine A Beals
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality

The relationship between carbohydrate quality and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome: challenges of glycemic index and glycemic load

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1197-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane de Mello Fontanelli ◽  
Cristiane Hermes Sales ◽  
Antonio Augusto Ferreira Carioca ◽  
Dirce Maria Marchioni ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Value added Indian flat breads with Ashwagandha and its glycemic response among normal healthy subjects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Chaturvedi, Nishtha Raj and Ayush Borah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
Improve Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Low Glycemic Index

The glycemic index (GI) provides an indication of carbohydrate quality whereas glycemic load (GL) provides carbohydrates quantity in a food and the insulin demand. Diet with low glycemic index and glycemic load have been shown to improve glucose tolerance on normal healthy subjects so there is a need for a more diversified range of foods with a low glycemic response. The objective of present work was to formulate ashwagandha based food products by utilizing their root powder as an ingredient and their glycemic responses on normal healthy subjects. The products (Chappati, Naan and Thepla) were developed by incorporation of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% aswagandha root. The result showed that the products with 2% root powder were most acceptable by semi trained panels. Further, study was conducted on randomly selected 30 healthy subjects were fed most acceptable test recipe i.e. thepla and their glycemic response was anticipated. GI and GL values were 37.30 and 11.36 found to be lower 2% root incorporated in thepla while comparing with standard thepla. The data demonstrated that the test thepla belongs to low glycemic index and medium glycemic load. Thus, the inclusion of ashwagandha powder as a constituent can be used to achieve a wider range of low glycemic functional foods possessing sensory attributes that could be valuable for managing the diabetes mellitus.

The association between carbohydrate quality index and nutrient adequacy in Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mena Farazi ◽  
Ahmad Jayedi ◽  
Zahra Noruzi ◽  
Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi ◽  
Elaheh Asgari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Three Components

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the association between carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and nutrient adequacy in Iranian adults. Design/methodology/approach A total of 268 men and women with ages ranged from 18 to 70 years were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. The CQI was calculated by adding together the three components, namely, the ratio of solid to total carbohydrate, dietary fiber and glycemic index. The scores of three components were summed to calculate the CQI, with a higher score indicating a higher dietary carbohydrate quality. The odds ratios (ORs) of nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), defined as the ratio of intake of a nutrient to the age- and gender-specific recommended dietary allowance, for the intake of energy and 10 nutrients across quartiles of the CQI were calculated by logistic regression analysis and expressed with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Findings CQI ranged between 3 to 15 (mean ± SD: 9 ± 1.9). Being in top versus bottom quartile of the CQI was associated with a higher NAR of folic acid (OR: 3.20, 95% CI: 1.06–9.62; P-trend: <0.001), vitamin A (OR: 3.66; 95% CI: 1.46–9.17; P-trend: <0.001), magnesium (OR: 5.94; 95% CI; 1.71–20.53; P-trend: <0.001), vitamin C (OR: 7.85; 95% CI; 2.99–20.59; P-trend: <0.001). Originality/value A higher CQI was associated with greater micronutrient consumption adequacy in Iranian adults. The results suggest that increasing the consumption of total fiber and solid carbohydrates and decreasing the glycemic index of the diet and liquid carbohydrates can improve micronutrient intake adequacy.

scholarly journals Positioning the Value of Dietary Carbohydrate, Carbohydrate Quality, Glycemic Index, and GI Labelling to the Canadian Consumer for Improving Dietary Patterns

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Marinangeli ◽  
Joanna Castellano ◽  
Peg Torrance ◽  
Joanne Lewis ◽  
Carolyn Gall Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Carbohydrate Consumption ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normal Body Weight

The objectives of this qualitative study was to: (1) understand Canadian consumers’ knowledge and perception of dietary carbohydrates, carbohydrate quality, and the glycemic index (GI); and (2) determine Canadian’s receptiveness to GI labelling to assist with identifying and consuming foods of higher carbohydrate quality. Focus groups were recruited in Vancouver, Toronto, and Montreal and grouped according to body mass index (BMI) (NBW, normal body weight; PO, previously obese; and OW/OB, overweight/obese) and diagnosis with prediabetes and diabetes (PO (Vancouver) and OW/OB (Montreal and Toronto). Subjects in all groups linked excess consumption of carbohydrate with weight gain. PO and OW/OB groups were conflicted between perceived negative consequences and feelings of pleasure associated with carbohydrate consumption. Subjects were largely unfamiliar with the term ‘carbohydrate quality’, but were often associated with classifying carbohydrates as ‘good’ or ‘bad’. The concept of the GI resonated well across groups after exposure to corresponding educational materials. However, NBW groups largely felt that the GI was irrelevant to their dietary choices as they did not have a history of diabetes. PO and OW/OB groups associated the GI with diabetes management. The concept of a GI labelling program to help facilitate healthier carbohydrate choices was well received across all groups, especially when the low GI was interpreted as giving permission to consume foods they enjoyed eating. Results suggest that the GI could be used as a consumer-facing labelling program in Canada and assist with de-stigmatizing carbohydrate foods by helping to facilitate the consumption of carbohydrate foods that align with healthy dietary patterns.

scholarly journals Plasma Metabolomic Profiles of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Carbohydrate Quality Index in the PREDIMED Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Mònica Bulló ◽  
Christopher Papandreou ◽  
Miguel Ruiz-Canela ◽  
Marta Guasch-Ferré ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality

ABSTRACT Background The quality of carbohydrate consumed, assessed by the glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), or carbohydrate quality index (CQI), affects the postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses, which have been implicated in the etiology of several chronic diseases. However, it is unclear whether plasma metabolites involved in different biological pathways could provide functional insights into the role of carbohydrate quality indices in health. Objectives We aimed to identify plasma metabolomic profiles associated with dietary GI, GL, and CQI. Methods The present study is a cross-sectional analysis of 1833 participants with overweight/obesity (mean age = 67 y) from 2 case-cohort studies nested within the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial. Data extracted from validated FFQs were used to estimate the GI, GL, and CQI. Plasma concentrations of 385 metabolites were profiled with LC coupled to MS and associations of these metabolites with those indices were assessed with elastic net regression analyses. Results A total of 58, 18, and 57 metabolites were selected for GI, GL, and CQI, respectively. Choline, cotinine, γ-butyrobetaine, and 36:3 phosphatidylserine plasmalogen were positively associated with GI and GL, whereas they were negatively associated with CQI. Fructose-glucose-galactose was negatively and positively associated with GI/GL and CQI, respectively. Consistent associations of 21 metabolites with both GI and CQI were found but in opposite directions. Negative associations of kynurenic acid, 22:1 sphingomyelin, and 38:6 phosphatidylethanolamine, as well as positive associations of 32:1 phosphatidylcholine with GI and GL were also observed. Pearson correlation coefficients between GI, GL, and CQI and the metabolomic profiles were 0.30, 0.22, and 0.27, respectively. Conclusions The GI, GL, and CQI were associated with specific metabolomic profiles in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular disease risk. Our findings may help in understanding the role of dietary carbohydrate indices in the development of cardiometabolic disorders. This trial was registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN35739639.

scholarly journals Glycemic Index of Slowly Digestible Carbohydrate Alone and in Powdered Drink-Mix

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1228
Author(s):  
Vishnupriya Gourineni ◽  
Maria L. Stewart ◽  
Rob Skorge ◽  
Thomas Wolever
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Glucose Release ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
Tapioca Flour ◽  
Single Blind

Consumer interest in food and beverages with carbohydrates offering steady glucose release and lower glycemic index (GI) continues to rise. Glycemic index is one of the metrics for carbohydrate quality. Slowly digestible carbohydrates (SDC) offer an ingredient solution to improve carbohydrate quality and meet consumer needs. SUSTRATM 2434 slowly digestible carbohydrate is a blend of tapioca flour and corn starch. The study objective was to determine the glycemic index of the SDC ingredient alone and in a powdered drink-mix. In a randomized, single-blind study, heathy adults (n = 14) consumed four test drinks, delivering 50 g available carbohydrates on separate days to measure GI. Participants either consumed dextrose in water (placebo), SDC ingredient in water, SDC drink-mix powder reconstituted in skim milk, or control drink-mix reconstituted in skim milk (without SDC). Post-prandial glucose response was measured over 4 h. SDC exhibited lower GI (0–2 h) and higher steady glucose release (beyond 2 h). SDC alone (GI = 27) and SDC in drink-mix (GI = 30.3) showed significantly lower GI (−27%) compared to dextrose (100) and the control drink-mix (41.5). SUSTRATM 2434 SDC is a low glycemic ingredient, suitable for product innovations with potential for low glycemic and steady glucose release claims.

scholarly journals A Low Glycemic Index Diet Slows Prostate Cancer Growth (P05-018-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Cecilia Galvan ◽  
Everardo Macias ◽  
Sergio Sanders ◽  
Adela Ramirez-Torres ◽  
Stephen Freedland
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Abstract Objectives Carbohydrates are the main source of energy in older adults in the US. Moreover, they increase insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), which are implicated in tumor growth by increasing cell survival. Previously, we found low carbohydrate (LC) diets slow prostate cancer (PC) growth and increase survival vs. a Western diet (WD) in mice. However, long-term adherence to a LC diet can be difficult for cancer patients. Thus, we aimed to determine whether modifying carbohydrate quality without changing quantity could result in the same outcome as when quantity is reduced. Carbohydrate quality was based on a glycemic index (GI), which indicates how carbohydrates affect blood glucose levels. Low GI carbohydrates are absorbed more slowly and result in a lower and slower increase in glucose levels and insulin demand than high GI carbohydrates. We hypothesized that high carbohydrate intake but with a low GI would slow PC growth, by reducing insulin levels. Methods A xenograft mice study compared the effect on PC growth of 3 diets: HiGI WD (48% carbohydrate: sucrose), HiGI LC (20% carbohydrate: sucrose), and LoGI WD (48% carbohydrate: amylose, amylopectin, maltodextrin). Male SCID mice were fed an ad lib HiGI WD. At day 14, they were injected with 5 × 105 LAPC-4 cells. When tumors reached ∼200 mm3, mice were single-housed and randomized to their diets (n = 33/group). Mice were pair-fed to ensure all had the same weight throughout the study. Tumor volume and body weight were measured 2X per week. Body composition was determined by Echo-MRI. The outcomes of the study were tumor volume, survival, glucose, insulin, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels, and tumor tissue analysis. Results LoGI WD mice had lower tumor volumes, insulin, IGF1, and IGF1: IGFBP3 ratio, and higher IGF-BP3 levels, than the other two groups. Blood glucose was similar across arms. Even though body weight was similar across arms, LoGI WD mice had lower body fat. In a meal tolerance test, glucose was higher in HiGI WD mice with comparable results between the other two diets. Conclusions Feeding mice a low GI diet delayed PC growth and decreased serum insulin, IGF1 and IGF1: IGFBP3 ratios vs. a high GI diet. These data suggest carbohydrate quality is important for PC growth. Whether a low-carbohydrate and low GI diet would have additive benefits remains to be tested. Funding Sources American Institute for Cancer Research.

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