scholarly journals Positioning the Value of Dietary Carbohydrate, Carbohydrate Quality, Glycemic Index, and GI Labelling to the Canadian Consumer for Improving Dietary Patterns

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Marinangeli ◽  
Joanna Castellano ◽  
Peg Torrance ◽  
Joanne Lewis ◽  
Carolyn Gall Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Carbohydrate Consumption ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normal Body Weight

The objectives of this qualitative study was to: (1) understand Canadian consumers’ knowledge and perception of dietary carbohydrates, carbohydrate quality, and the glycemic index (GI); and (2) determine Canadian’s receptiveness to GI labelling to assist with identifying and consuming foods of higher carbohydrate quality. Focus groups were recruited in Vancouver, Toronto, and Montreal and grouped according to body mass index (BMI) (NBW, normal body weight; PO, previously obese; and OW/OB, overweight/obese) and diagnosis with prediabetes and diabetes (PO (Vancouver) and OW/OB (Montreal and Toronto). Subjects in all groups linked excess consumption of carbohydrate with weight gain. PO and OW/OB groups were conflicted between perceived negative consequences and feelings of pleasure associated with carbohydrate consumption. Subjects were largely unfamiliar with the term ‘carbohydrate quality’, but were often associated with classifying carbohydrates as ‘good’ or ‘bad’. The concept of the GI resonated well across groups after exposure to corresponding educational materials. However, NBW groups largely felt that the GI was irrelevant to their dietary choices as they did not have a history of diabetes. PO and OW/OB groups associated the GI with diabetes management. The concept of a GI labelling program to help facilitate healthier carbohydrate choices was well received across all groups, especially when the low GI was interpreted as giving permission to consume foods they enjoyed eating. Results suggest that the GI could be used as a consumer-facing labelling program in Canada and assist with de-stigmatizing carbohydrate foods by helping to facilitate the consumption of carbohydrate foods that align with healthy dietary patterns.

The Challenges in Dealing with Organized Crime and its Consequences in Modern Societies in Albania, Kosovo and Macedonia – the Balkan Peninsula

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Bashkim Selmani ◽  
Bekim Maksuti
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Organized Crime Groups ◽  
Further Development

The profound changes within the Albanian society, including Albania, Kosovo and Macedonia, before and after they proclaimed independence (in exception of Albania), with the establishment of the parliamentary system resulted in mass spread social negative consequences such as crime, drugs, prostitution, child beggars on the street etc. As a result of these occurred circumstances emerged a substantial need for changes within the legal system in order to meet and achieve the European standards or behaviors and the need for adoption of many laws imported from abroad, but without actually reading the factual situation of the psycho-economic position of the citizens and the consequences of the peoples’ occupations without proper compensation, as a remedy for the victims of war or peace in these countries. The sad truth is that the perpetrators not only weren’t sanctioned, but these regions remained an untouched haven for further development of criminal activities, be it from the public state officials through property privatization or in the private field. The organized crime groups, almost in all cases, are perceived by the human mind as “Mafia” and it is a fact that this cannot be denied easily. The widely spread term “Mafia” is mostly known around the world to define criminal organizations.The Balkan Peninsula is highly involved in these illegal groups of organized crime whose practice of criminal activities is largely extended through the Balkan countries such as Kosovo, Albania, Macedonia, Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia, Montenegro, etc. Many factors contributed to these strategic countries to be part of these types of activities. In general, some of the countries have been affected more specifically, but in all of the abovementioned countries organized crime has affected all areas of life, leaving a black mark in the history of these states.

New Insight into Diabetes Management: From Glycemic Index to Dietary Insulin Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Yari ◽  
Vahideh Behrouz ◽  
Hamid Zand ◽  
Katayoun Pourvali
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Carbohydrate Counting ◽  
Insulin Requirements ◽  
Insight Into

Background: Despite efforts to control hyperglycemia, diabetes management is still challenging. This may be due to focusing on reducing hyperglycemia and neglecting the importance of hyperinsulinemia; while insulin resistance and resultant hyperinsulinemia preceded diabetes onset and may contribute to disease pathogenesis. Objective: The present narrative review attempts to provide a new insight into the management of diabetes by exploring different aspects of glycemic index and dietary insulin index. Results: The current data available on this topic is limited and heterogeneous. Conventional diet therapy for diabetes management is based on reducing postprandial glycemia through carbohydrate counting, choosing foods with low-glycemic index and low-glycemic load. Since these indicators are only reliant on the carbohydrate content of foods and do not consider the effects of protein and fat on the stimulation of insulin secretion, they cannot provide a comprehensive approach to determine the insulin requirements. Conclusion: Selecting foods based on carbohydrate counting, glycemic index or glycemic load are common guides to control glycemia in diabetic patients, but neglect the insulin response, thus leading to failure in diabetes management. Therefore, paying attention to insulinemic response along with glycemic response seems to be more effective in managing diabetes.

scholarly journals Holocene polynya dynamics and their interaction with oceanic heat transport in northernmost Baffin Bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Jackson ◽  
Anna Bang Kvorning ◽  
Audrey Limoges ◽  
Eleanor Georgiadis ◽  
Steffen M. Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The North ◽  
North Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ocean Conditions

AbstractBaffin Bay hosts the largest and most productive of the Arctic polynyas: the North Water (NOW). Despite its significance and active role in water mass formation, the history of the NOW beyond the observational era remains poorly known. We reconcile the previously unassessed relationship between long-term NOW dynamics and ocean conditions by applying a multiproxy approach to two marine sediment cores from the region that, together, span the Holocene. Declining influence of Atlantic Water in the NOW is coeval with regional records that indicate the inception of a strong and recurrent polynya from ~ 4400 yrs BP, in line with Neoglacial cooling. During warmer Holocene intervals such as the Roman Warm Period, a weaker NOW is evident, and its reduced capacity to influence bottom ocean conditions facilitated northward penetration of Atlantic Water. Future warming in the Arctic may have negative consequences for this vital biological oasis, with the potential knock-on effect of warm water penetration further north and intensified melt of the marine-terminating glaciers that flank the coast of northwest Greenland.

Shihab al-Din al-Marjan i about Ibn ‘Abd-al-Wahhab and his preaching on the material of the book “Wafi yat al-aslaf”

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-613
Author(s):  
D. A. Shagaviev
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
History Of

The article includes the translations of some fragments from the biographical work “Wafi yyat al-aslaf wa tahiyyat al-akhlaf” (“Devotion to the ancestors and greetings to descendants”) of the outstanding Tatar theologian Shihab al-Din al-Marjani (1818–1889), dedicated to the Arabian preacher Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab (1703–1792) and his religious teachings. The texts from the specifi ed source were compared with the other available sources in order to fi nd out which books and which authors Marjani relied on. The author of the article tried to fi nd out Marjani’s assessment of the teachings of Ibn ‘Abd-al-Wahhab and the actions of his followers.  As a result, it was revealed that the Tatar scholar used such historical works as “al-Ta‘ribat al-shafi yya” (“Convincing translations into Arabic”) by Rifa‘a al-Tahtawi (1801-1873) and “al-Mir’a al-wadhiyya” (“The Clear Mirror”) by Van Dyck Cornelius (1818-1895), theological treatises such as “Sulh al-ikhwan” (“Reconciliation of the brothers”) by Ibn Jirjis (1816-1882) and “Fath al-mannan” (“Disclosure of the Giver”) by al-Hazimi (d. 1866). Presumably, he also relied on “Tarikh ‘ajaib al-athar” (“History of the amazing heritage”) by al-Jabarti (1754-1822) and “Radd al-mukhtar” (“The answer to the bewildered”) by Ibn ‘Abidin (1784-1836). Marjani, assessing the teachings and activities of Sheikh Ibn ‘Abd al-Wahhab, kept himself rather restrained and cautious, though he admitted the negative consequences of Abd al-Wahhab preaching that came in the form of Muslims accused of disbelief (takfir) destruction.

GPs' views on how low socioeconomic position affects diabetes management: an exploratory study

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Rose ◽  
Mark Harris ◽  
Maria Theresa Ho
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Low Health Literacy ◽  
Patient Barriers

Little is known about general practitioners? (GP) capacity to effectively manage diabetes among patients of low socioeconomic position (SEP), despite the high burden of type 2 diabetes in this group. Nine GPs involved in a diabetes program and practising in an area of socioeconomic disadvantage participated in a focus group on low-SEP patient barriers to diabetes management, GP problems in managing diabetes among this group, and strategies for improving diabetes management with low-SEP patients. GPs perceived that low health literacy, poverty and psychosocial issues, and negative attitudes towards health were barriers to diabetes management among low-SEP patients. Difficulties in providing care to low-SEP patients were related to the availability of allied health services and GP perceptions of increased stress in providing care to this group. Suggestions for improvements in diabetes management were focussed on providing educational materials to low-SEP patients that matched literacy levels, and initiating patient financial incentive schemes to assist diabetes management and attendance at follow-up consultations.

The relationship between carbohydrate quality and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome: challenges of glycemic index and glycemic load

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1197-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane de Mello Fontanelli ◽  
Cristiane Hermes Sales ◽  
Antonio Augusto Ferreira Carioca ◽  
Dirce Maria Marchioni ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals School-based interventions to address bullying

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Bullying Prevention ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
School Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
School Based Interventions ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Bullying Interventions ◽  
Meta Analyses

Following some background studies on the nature of school bullying, its prevalence, and the negative consequences it can have, this article reviews the history of anti-bullying interventions over the last 30 years. It considers several major programmes in detail, such as the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program, KiVa, Steps to Respect, and Friendly Schools. The nature and evaluation of the interventions is discussed, followed by a review of meta-analyses of the programmes effectiveness. Issues considered are the effect at different ages; components of interventions; work with peers; disciplinary methods, non-punitive and restorative approaches; challenges regarding cyberbullying; the role of parents; the role of teachers and teacher training; set menu versus à la carte approaches; sustainability of interventions and societal context. Conclusions show that interventions have had some success, with traditional bullying. However, further progress is needed in strengthening theoretical underpinnings to interventions, and in tackling cyberbullying.

scholarly journals A Study to Evaluate the Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 575-585
Author(s):  
P. Amulya Reddy ◽  
K. Saravanan ◽  
A. Madhukar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the QOL of patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: This was a prospective, observational study. Duration of Study: The study was conducted from August 2019 to January 2021 in Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad. Methodology: Patients of either sex with ≥1year history of diabetes willing to give the consent were included in the study. Patients of either sex with <1year history of DM, Pregnant/lactating women and patients not willing to give the consent were excluded from the study. Data on Blood glucose levels (FBS, PPBS) and HbA1C was also obtained and assessed. QOLID questionnaire was administered to the patients and assessed which consisted of a set of 34 items representing 8 domains such as Role limitation due to the physical health, Physical endurance, General health, Treatment satisfaction, Symptom botherness, Financial worries, Mental health, and Diet satisfaction). Results: A total of 200 patients were analysed in the study,108(54%) were males and 92(46%) were females. The average age of the patients was 58.5 years with majority being 51-70years (73.5%) of age. Patients with higher age and females had poor QOL compared to others. The correlation between various categorical variables with that of scores of QOL in various domains was assessed, Age of the patients influenced QOL score in various domains like RLPH (p value-0.038), PE (p value-0.0183), and SB (p value-0.0002), Gender has influenced QOL score in domains like RLPH (p value-0.0008), PE (p value-0.0106), TS (p value-0.0005) and Educational Qualification has influenced QOL score in RLPH (p value-0.0008), GH (p value-<0.0001), TS (p value-<0.0001), E/MH (p value-<0.0001). Conclusion: The results concluded that overall QOL was noticeably low in Diabetic patients especially in Women and elderly thus indicating that Diabetes management is not restricted to treatment but also requires attention on QOL of patients.

scholarly journals MORPHOGENESIS COMPETENCE IN BACHELOR OF DESIGN TRAINING: CONCEPT, COMPONENTS, LEVELS

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
T.E. Mikova ◽  
◽  
V.A. Chupina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Graduate Training ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Training Concept ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Specialization ◽  
Integration Of Disciplines

The morphogenesis competence is discussed, which allows to improve the quality of a bachelor of design education due to pedagogical integration of disciplines of the curriculum, which forms a fundamental scientific knowledge base for students along with practical skills acquisition. The article presents the concept of morphogenesis competence, its cognitive, operational and axiological components, as well as the levels of its development for the bachelor of design on the example of "History of Fine Arts" discipline. The point is made that pedagogical integration in morphogenesis competence formation will help to neutralize the potentially negative consequences in bachelor of design graduate training that arise from early specialization.

scholarly journals Impulsivity in Bulimia Nervosa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Mounir Ghandour ◽  
Lindsey Bischel ◽  
Bridgette Harrell ◽  
Grace Bailey ◽  
Alexandra Grillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Self Control ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Undergraduate Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Q Sort

Abstract Background: Despite increasing evidence impulsive traits play a role in bulimia nervosa, the latest version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders does not include impulsivity as part of the criteria for this eating disorder. Method:Using Q sort, a methodology specifically well suited to the expression of individual viewpoints, twenty-six undergraduate women split into two categories - women with bulimia nervosa; women without bulimia nervosa - ranked a total of forty-four statements that were reflective of impulsivity. These statements were derived from a multitude of sources to ensure proper representativeness: academic literature, the popular press, various audio-visual media outlets, focus groups and social media sites. Results:A factor analysis was performed that generated two distinct factors that essentially split participants along the lines of a presence or absence of bulimia nervosa. Factor A, called Thinking Through, was characterized by a methodical and carefully processed approach around decision-making, thinking through consequences of actions, and a general tendency towards planning and organization. With the exception of one participant, this factor was represented by participants with no history of bulimia nervosa thus indicating individuals with this eating disorder did not endorse this factor. Factor B, called Negative Urgency and Obsessive Thinking, was characterized by an urge for pleasure-seeking, quick action, a lack of self-control and difficulty postponing reward. Endorsers of this factor often regret decisions made rashly yet tend to repeat actions that feel urgent, despite negative consequences. This factor, with the exception of one participant, consisted of individuals with a history of bulimia nervosa. Conclusion:Such finding provides additional evidence for a pattern of impulsivity in women with bulimia nervosa that is not found in their healthy counterparts. In addition, it provides clinicians treating this disorder a guidepost for a more targeted treatment of bulimia and further enhances the need for impulsivity to be included as one of its diagnostic criteria.

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