P774 Higher plasma cotinine is associated with an increased risk for later developing IBD, especially among users of combusted tobacco

Abstract Background There have been inconsistent findings reported on maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and child risk of ADHD. In this study, ADHD symptoms at pre-school age children in association with prenatal passive and active tobacco smoke exposure determined by maternal plasma cotinine levels in the third trimester were investigated. Methods This was a follow-up study of the birth cohort: the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children’s Health. Children whose parents answered Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to identify child ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems) and total difficulties at age 5 years with available maternal plasma cotinine level at the third trimester were included (n = 3216). Cotinine levels were categorized into 4 groups; ≦ 0.21 ng/ml (non-smoker), 0.22–0.51 ng/ml (low-passive smoker), 0.52–11.48 ng/ml (high-passive smoker), and ≧ 11.49 ng/ml (active smoker). Results Maternal cotinine levels of active smokers were significantly associated with an increased risk of total difficulties (OR = 1.67) and maternal low- and high-passive smoking also increased the risk (OR = 1.11, 1.25, respectively) without statistical significance. Similarly, maternal cotinine levels of active smokers were associated with an increased risk of hyperactivity/inattention (OR = 1.49). Maternal low- and high-passive smoking and active smoking increased the risk of hyperactivity/inattention (OR = 1.45, 1.43, and OR = 1.59, respectively) only in boys. Conclusion Our findings suggested that maternal active smoking during pregnancy may contribute to the increased risk of child total difficulties and hyperactivity/inattention at pre-school age. Pregnant women should be encouraged to quit smoking and avoid exposure to tobacco smoke.

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Association between maternal passive smoking and increased risk of delivering small-for-gestational-age infants at full-term using plasma cotinine levels from The Hokkaido Study: a prospective birth cohort

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023200 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. e023200

Author(s):

Sumitaka Kobayashi ◽

Fumihiro Sata ◽

Tomoyuki Hanaoka ◽

Titilola Serifat Braimoh ◽

Kumiko Ito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Cohort ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Total Population ◽

Full Term ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Cotinine Level ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Plasma Cotinine ◽

Prospective Birth Cohort

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between plasma cotinine level measured at the 8th gestational month and the delivery of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants, using a highly sensitive ELISA method.DesignProspective birth cohort study from The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children’s Health.SettingHokkaido, Japan.ParticipantsOur sample included 15 198 mother-infant pairs enrolled in 2003–2012.Main outcome measuresSGA, defined as a gestational age-specific weight Z-score below −2.ResultsThe number of SGA infants was 192 (1.3%). The cotinine cut-off level that differentiated SGA infants from other infants was 3.03 ng/mL for both the total population and the full-term births subgroup (sensitivity 0.307; positive predictive value 2.3%). Compared with infants of mothers with a plasma cotinine level of <3.03 ng/mL, infants of mothers with a plasma cotinine level of ≥3.03 ng/mL showed an increased OR for SGA in the total population and the full-term infant group (2.02(95% CI 1.45 to 2.83) and 2.44(95% CI 1.73 to 3.44), respectively).ConclusionA plasma cotinine level of ≥3.03 ng/mL, which included both passive and active smokers, was associated with an increased risk of SGA. This finding is of important relevance when educating pregnant women about avoiding prenatal passive and active smoking due to the adverse effects on their infants, even those born at full-term.

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Elevated plasma cotinine is associated with an increased risk of developing IBD, especially among users of combusted tobacco

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0235536 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. e0235536

Author(s):

Lovisa Widbom ◽

Jörn Schneede ◽

Øivind Midttun ◽

Per Magne Ueland ◽

Pontus Karling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elevated Plasma ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Plasma Cotinine

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Passive Smoking Alters Lipid Profiles in Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.88.2.259 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 259-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joseph Feldman ◽

I. Ronald Shenker ◽

Michael Nussbaum ◽

Marc S. Jacobson ◽

Ruth A. Etzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Passive Smoking ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

High Density ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Plasma Cotinine

Although cigarette smoking is associated with elevation of plasma lipid levels and changes in lipoprotein distribution, it is not known whether passive smoking is associated with an alteration in lipid profiles. The relation between plasma cotinine, a marker of exposure to tobacco smoke, and lipid profiles was studied in healthy adolescents from a suburban New York high school district who were undergoing preparticipation sports physicals. Forty-four percent of the adolescents reported that one or both parents currently smoked. Eleven percent of the adolescents had plasma cotinine concentrations ≥2.5 ng/mL, the level considered indicative of exposure. Adolescents with two smoking parents had significantly higher plasma cotinine concentrations after adjustment for other factors than adolescents whose parents did not smoke. Plasma cotinine concentration ≥2.5 ng/mL was associated with an 8.9% greater ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .003) and a 6.8% lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .03). These results suggest that passive smoking, like active smoking, leads to alterations in lipid profiles predictive of an increased risk of atherosclerosis.

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