Elevated plasma cotinine is associated with an increased risk of developing IBD, especially among users of combusted tobacco

SummaryAcquired and hereditary thrombophilias are associated with obstetric complications such as (pre-)eclampsia, HELLP syndrome and fetal loss. Our objective was to assess the risk of obstetric complications in women with elevated levels of FVIII:C or hyperhomocysteinemia, as compared with their relatives who had normal FVIII:C or homocysteine levels. From a large family study of patients with venous thromboembolism or premature atherosclerosis and elevated levels of FVIII:C or hyperhomocysteinemia (propositi), the obstetric histories of female first degree relatives, who had been pregnant at least once, were studied. Levels of FVIII:C and homocysteine (both fasting and post-methionine loading) were determined. The number of obstetric complications was calculated and compared in women with normal and elevated levels of FVIII:C, and normal and elevated levels of homocysteine. Women with elevated levels of FVIII:C had a 15.4% risk for toxicosis, preeclampsia, or HELLP syndrome and a 23.9% for fetal loss. This was not statistically different from women with normal levels of FVIII:C. Women with hyperhomocysteinemia tended to have a lower risk for toxicosis, pre-eclampsia, or HELLP syndrome (8.0%, RR 0.6, 95% CI 0.2-1.7) and fetal loss (22.0%, RR 0.8, 95% CI 0.5-1.5) as compared to relatives with normal levels, although these differences did not reach statistical significance. If the analysis was limited to comparing extremes, the results did not materially differ. Unselected women with elevated plasma levels of FVIII:C or hyperhomocysteinemia are not at increased risk for obstetric complications as compared to their relatives with normal levels.

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Nutrition Throughout Life: Folate

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000130 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 (5) ◽

pp. 348-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Helene McNulty ◽

Kristina Pentieva ◽

Leane Hoey ◽

JJ Strain ◽

Mary Ward

Keyword(s):

Scientific Evidence ◽

Plasma Homocysteine ◽

Health Issues ◽

Elevated Plasma ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Folate Status ◽

Increased Risk ◽

One Carbon Metabolism ◽

Meta Analyses

Scientific evidence supports a number of roles for folate in maintaining health from early life to old age. Folate is required for one-carbon metabolism, including the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine; thus elevated plasma homocysteine reflects functional folate deficiency. Optimal folate status has an established role in preventing NTD and there is strong evidence indicating that it also has a role in the primary prevention of stroke. The most important genetic determinant of homocysteine in the general population is the common 677C → T variant in the gene encoding the folate-metabolising enzyme, MTHFR; homozygous individuals (TT genotype) have reduced enzyme activity and elevated plasma homocysteine concentrations. Meta-analyses indicate that the TT genotype carries a 14 to 21 % increased risk of CVD, but there is considerable geographic variation in the extent of excess CVD risk. A novel interaction between this folate polymorphism and riboflavin (a co-factor for MTHFR) has recently been identified. Intervention with supplemental riboflavin targeted specifically at individuals with the MTHFR 677TT genotype was shown to result in significant lowering of blood pressure in hypertensive people and in patients with CVD. This review considers the established and emerging roles for folate throughout the lifecycle, and some public health issues related to optimising folate status.

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Elevated Plasma Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Is Associated with Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Adults

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.3945/jn.113.189860 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 144 (5) ◽

pp. 722-728 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Liang Sun ◽

Qibin Qi ◽

Geng Zong ◽

Xingwang Ye ◽

Huaixing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Elevated Plasma ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Elderly Chinese ◽

Plasma Retinol

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Plasma homocysteine but not MTHFR gene polymorphism is associated with geriatric depression in the Chinese population

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1601-5215.2008.00290.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 251-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yong-Gui Yuan ◽

Zhi-Jun Zhang ◽

Jing-Jing Li

Keyword(s):

Chinese Population ◽

Mthfr C677t ◽

Plasma Homocysteine ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

C677t Polymorphism ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Elevated Plasma ◽

Mthfr C677t Polymorphism ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Mthfr Gene Polymorphism

Background:Epidemiological studies suggested that elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) is associated with an increased risk of depression and cerebrovascular disease (CVD). There were few published reports of Hcy levels and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype in geriatric depression.Objective:To investigate the relationship among plasma Hcy level, MTHFR C677T polymorphism and geriatric depression in the Chinese population.Methods:The plasma Hcy level measured by capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection and the C667T polymorphism of MTHFR detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay were determined in 116 patients with geriatric depression and in 80 healthy controls.Results:The plasma Hcy level in the patients with geriatric depression was significantly higher than that in controls (p < 0.001). The age of first episode and comorbid CVD were significantly correlated with plasma Hcy levels in geriatric patients (p = 0.014 and 0.008, respectively). The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression total score and plasma Hcy level at baseline showed no significant correlation in the patients (r = −0.111, p = 0.397). There were no significant differences in the MTHFR C677T polymorphism genotypes and alleles between the patients and the healthy controls (p = 0.654 and 0.573, respectively).Conclusion:The elevated plasma Hcy level is a risk factor for geriatric depression. MTHFR C667T genotype is not associated with geriatric depression in the Chinese population.

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Plasma cotinine indicates an increased risk of preeclampsia in previous and passive smokers

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2013.09.041 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 210 (3) ◽

pp. 232.e1-232.e5 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zhong-Cheng Luo ◽

Pierre Julien ◽

Shu-Qin Wei ◽

Francois Audibert ◽

Graeme N. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Increased Risk ◽

Plasma Cotinine ◽

Risk Of Preeclampsia

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Prenatal tobacco exposure and ADHD symptoms at pre-school age: the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children’s Health

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12199-019-0834-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Machiko Minatoya ◽

Atsuko Araki ◽

Sachiko Itoh ◽

Keiko Yamazaki ◽

Sumitaka Kobayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Passive Smoking ◽

Maternal Plasma ◽

School Age ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Passive Smoker ◽

The Third ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Plasma Cotinine

Abstract Background There have been inconsistent findings reported on maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and child risk of ADHD. In this study, ADHD symptoms at pre-school age children in association with prenatal passive and active tobacco smoke exposure determined by maternal plasma cotinine levels in the third trimester were investigated. Methods This was a follow-up study of the birth cohort: the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children’s Health. Children whose parents answered Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to identify child ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems) and total difficulties at age 5 years with available maternal plasma cotinine level at the third trimester were included (n = 3216). Cotinine levels were categorized into 4 groups; ≦ 0.21 ng/ml (non-smoker), 0.22–0.51 ng/ml (low-passive smoker), 0.52–11.48 ng/ml (high-passive smoker), and ≧ 11.49 ng/ml (active smoker). Results Maternal cotinine levels of active smokers were significantly associated with an increased risk of total difficulties (OR = 1.67) and maternal low- and high-passive smoking also increased the risk (OR = 1.11, 1.25, respectively) without statistical significance. Similarly, maternal cotinine levels of active smokers were associated with an increased risk of hyperactivity/inattention (OR = 1.49). Maternal low- and high-passive smoking and active smoking increased the risk of hyperactivity/inattention (OR = 1.45, 1.43, and OR = 1.59, respectively) only in boys. Conclusion Our findings suggested that maternal active smoking during pregnancy may contribute to the increased risk of child total difficulties and hyperactivity/inattention at pre-school age. Pregnant women should be encouraged to quit smoking and avoid exposure to tobacco smoke.

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Elevated plasma cystathionine is associated with increased risk of mortality among patients with suspected or established coronary heart disease

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqy391 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 109 (6) ◽

pp. 1546-1554 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Indu Dhar ◽

Vegard Lysne ◽

Gard F T Svingen ◽

Per M Ueland ◽

Jesse F Gregory ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Elevated Plasma ◽

Risk Of Mortality ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Established Coronary Heart Disease

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Is Delayed Pressure Urticaria Associated with Increased Systemic Release of sCD40L?

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/823798 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. Jasinska ◽

A. Grzanka ◽

E. Machura ◽

A. Kasperska-Zajac

Keyword(s):

Plasma Level ◽

Cd40 Ligand ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

Elevated Plasma ◽

Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽

Activated Platelets ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Different Types ◽

Delayed Pressure Urticaria ◽

Pressure Urticaria

Background. Elevated levels of soluble CD40 Ligand (sCD40L) were found in serum but not in plasma of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CU). What is important is that sCD40L has proinflammatory properties, and its elevated plasma level may indicate increased risk of cardiovascular events. These observations should stimulate further evaluation of sCD40L in different forms of urticaria.Aim. In the present study, sCD40L plasma level was investigated in delayed pressure urticaria (DPU).Methods. As platelets are predominant and variable sources of sCD40L, we investigated sCD40L concentration in platelet-poor plasma (PPP), which seems the best way to minimize the potential contribution of these cells to the ligand level.Results. Plasma sCD40L concentration was significantly increased in the DPU group compared to the healthy controls.Conclusions. It seems that DPU is associated with increased systemic release of sCD40L, which is believed to derive predominantly from activated platelets. The present study as well as the earlier contributions suggest that distinct cells activity, including platelets, may be identified in different types of urticaria.

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