Carotid arterial stiffness is increased and related to left ventricular function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 923-931
Author(s):  
Monica Roşca ◽  
Leonard Mandeş ◽  
Daniela Ciupercă ◽  
Andreea Călin ◽  
Carmen C Beladan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Carotid Arterial

Abstract Aims To assess the carotid mechanical properties in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the relation between arterial stiffness and left ventricular function in this setting. Methods and results We have prospectively enrolled 71 patients (52 ± 16 years, 34 men) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, divided into two groups depending on the presence (46 patients) or absence (25 patients) of cardiovascular risk factors associated with increased arterial stiffness. Twenty-five normal subjects similar by age and gender with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients without risk factors formed the control group. A comprehensive echocardiography was performed in all subjects. Carotid arterial stiffness index (β index), pressure–strain elastic modulus, arterial compliance, and pulse wave velocity were also obtained using an echo-tracking system. β index, pulse wave velocity, and pressure–strain elastic modulus were significantly higher in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients without risk factors compared to controls. After linear regression analysis, the increase in carotid β index was independently correlated with the presence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [beta = 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–3.02; P < 0.001]. In the entire hypertrophic cardiomyopathy population arterial stiffness parameters correlated with age, gender, hypertension degree, presence of hypercholesterolaemia, and the E/e′ ratio. In multivariable analysis, β index (beta = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.32–1.25; P = 0.001), global left ventricular longitudinal strain, and the presence of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction were independently correlated with the E/e′ ratio. Conclusion In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy arterial stiffness is increased independently of age or presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Carotid artery stiffness is independently related to left ventricular filling pressure, increased arterial stiffness representing a possible marker of a more severe phenotype.

scholarly journals Elevated levels of urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate are associated with arterial stiffness in Korean adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hee Haam ◽  
Young-Sang Kim ◽  
Doo-Yeoun Cho ◽  
Hyejin Chun ◽  
Sang-Woon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that cellular perturbations play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we analyzed the association between the levels of urinary metabolites and arterial stiffness. Our cross-sectional study included 330 Korean men and women. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was measured as a marker of arterial stiffness. Urinary metabolites were evaluated using a high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was found to be positively correlated with l-lactate, citrate, isocitrate, succinate, malate, hydroxymethylglutarate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-keto-β-methylvalerate, methylmalonate, and formiminoglutamate among men. Whereas, among women, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was positively correlated with cis-aconitate, isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate. In the multivariable regression models adjusted for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, three metabolite concentrations (urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate) were independently and positively associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Increased urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate concentrations were associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings suggest that metabolic disturbances in cells may be related to arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals Impact of cardiovascular risk factors in vascular remodelling of pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A F Ferreira ◽  
M J Azevedo ◽  
A P Machado ◽  
F A Saraiva ◽  
B Sampaio Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
First Trimester

Abstract Introduction Pregnancy is a physiological condition of hemodynamic overload, characterized by a progressive reduction of peripheral vascular resistance, which normalizes postpartum. Purpose To characterize arterial stiffness and endothelial function during pregnancy and postpartum and to investigate the impact of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. The secondary aim was to explore the potential association between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and risk for preeclampsia. Methods Prospective cohort study including volunteer pregnant women (healthy, obese and/or hypertensive) recruited in a tertiary centre between 2019 and 2020, at their 1st or 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Women were evaluated at the first trimester [10–15 weeks, baseline], third trimester [30–35 weeks, peak of CV remodelling] of pregnancy as well as at the 1st month and 6th month after delivery (CV reverse remodelling stages). The evaluation included clinical characterization through questionnaires as well as arterial stiffness and endothelial assessment by PWV and EndoPAT, respectively. Kruskal-Wallis H test and Friedman test were used as appropriate to between and within groups comparisons. Bonferroni correction was applied. Spearman correlation was performed to determine the relationship between PWV and risk for preeclampsia. Results We included 34 pregnant women with a median age of 34 [26; 41]years, 50% being hypertensive and/or obese. Arterial stiffness decreased significantly from the 1st to the 3rd trimester (6.3 [5.3 to 7.8] cm/s vs 5.6 [4.9 to 7.3] cm/s, p<0.001), normalizing only at the 6th months (5.6 [4.9 to 7.3] cm/s vs 6.3 [5.5 to 8.3] cm/s, p=0.001). A significant deterioration of endothelial function became evident from 1st to 3rd trimester (logarithm of reactive hyperemia index [lnRHI]: 0.74 [0.05 to 1.20] vs 0.45 [0.22 to 0.79], p=0.020). However, its slight amelioration begun only 6 months after delivery (3rd trimester: lnRHI 0.45 [0.22 to 0.79] vs 6 months at postpartum: lnRHI 0.53 [0.10 to 1.01], p>0.99). Compared to the healthy pregnant women, the CV risk factors group showed a higher pulse wave velocity only at the peak of CV remodelling (5.6 [5.3 to 7.3] cm/s vs 5.6 [4.9 to 7.2] cm/s, p=0.016), without any other differences in other parameters of time points evaluated. Pulse wave velocity at the first trimester revealed a positive association with risk for preeclampsia (r=0.485, p=0.026). Conclusion Our cohort presented a significant decrease in vascular resistance during pregnancy and normalization at the 6th month after delivery. Pregnant women with cardiovascular risk factors showed an increased arterial stiffness in the 3rd trimester compared to healthy pregnant women. Pulse wave velocity correlated positively with the risk for preeclampsia. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Universidade do Porto/FMUP and FSE-Fundo Social Europeu; FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology

scholarly journals Increased pulse wave velocity strongly related to age in apparently healthy people of high cardiovascular risk population

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Zemtsovskaja ◽  
K Pilt ◽  
J Abina ◽  
K Meigas ◽  
M Viigimaa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract Introduction Pulse wave velocity (PWV) as a measure of arterial stiffness is associated with CVD morbidity and mortality. CVD mortality rates show Estonia (capital Tallinn) as being among high cardiovascular (CV) risk countries. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of increased PWV in Tallinn adults aged 20–65, apparently healthy (AH) at primary medical examination, and also to evaluate the association of increased PWV with age and biochemical cardiovascular risk factors at levels indicative of CV risk. Methods PWV measured by Arteriograph and biochemical CV risk factors by Cobas Roche 6000 analyzer were investigated in 805 responders of a cross-sectional population-based study of Tallinn adults aged 20–65, randomly selected from the Estonian Population Register by age decade and sex. Apparently healthy conditions were defined at primary visit as absence of hypertension (SBP <140 and DBP <90 mmHg), diabetes, obesity (BMI <30 kg/m2), a history of known heart disease and medication usage against hyperlipidaemia. Statistical analysis was performed by MedCalc version 14.8.1. Results 445 people (men=180, women=265) were in AH conditions with median values (95% central range) of SBP, DBP, and BMI: 115 (94–137) mmHg, 73 (55–87) mmHg, and 24 (18–29) kg/m2. 27.4% of AH adults were smokers. Medians (95% central range) and indicative of CV risk level (with crude prevalence at this level) of other investigated CV risk factors were: PWV 6.2 (4.5–11.3), ≥9.7 m/s (24.7%); age 39 (23–62), ≥50 years (24.7%); total cholesterol 5.2 (3.7–7.2), >5.0 mmol/L (57.1%); triglycerides 1.0 (0.5–2.7), ≥1.7 mmol/L (14.8%); apolipoprotein B 3.0 (1.7–4.7), >2.6 /2.3 μmol/L for men/women (76.6%); HDL cholesterol 1.6 (1.0–2.6), <1.0/1.3 mmol/L for men/women (7.0%); LDL cholesterol 3.2 (1.7–5.2), ≥3.0 mmol/L (82.7%); homocysteine 11.8 (7.1–20.2), ≥12.0 μmol/L (49%); lipoprotein (a) 0.1 (0.1–1.2), >0.3 g/L (23.6%); high-sensitivity C-reactive protein 0.9 (0.2–6.8), >3.0 mg/L (10.1%). Categorization of PWV values as indicative of CV risk (increased PWV) was made according to their interpretation by Arteriograph software as increased or abnormal. Stepwise logistic regression analysis of increased PWV along with age and biochemical risk factors revealed statistically significant and strong association only with age ≥50. Overall model fit p was <0.0001, c-statistic 0.838, odds ratio 29.3. Conclusions Despite total cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, LDL cholesterol and homocysteine being at indicative of CV risk level in over 50% of AH people, increased PWV was observed only in about 6% of them. The study showed that being 50 years of age or older in a high risk population means 29 times greater probability of increased arterial stiffness than in younger ages, even without having hypertension, diabetes or obesity. This knowledge is important for preventive CVD strategy in this population group. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Estonian Ministry of Education and Research under institutional research financing

scholarly journals The Relationship of the Atlantic Diet with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Markers of Arterial Stiffness in Adults without Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Rodríguez-Martín ◽  
Luis Garcia-Ortiz ◽  
Emiliano Rodriguez-Sanchez ◽  
Carlos Maderuelo-Fernandez ◽  
Alba Lugones-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Studying the adherence of the population to the Atlantic Diet (AD) could be simplified by an easy and quickly applied dietary index. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship of an index measuring compliance with recommendations regarding the Atlantic diet and physical activity with cardiovascular disease risk factors, cardiovascular risk factors, obesity indexes and arterial stiffness markers. Methods: We included 791 individuals from the EVIDENT study (lifestyles and arterial ageing), (52.3 ± 12 years, 61.7% women) without cardiovascular disease. Compliance with recommendations on AD was collected through the responses to a food frequency questionnaire, while physical activity was measured by accelerometer. The number of recommendations being met was estimated using a global scale between 0 and 14 points (a higher score representing greater adherence). Blood pressure, plasma lipid and glucose values and obesity rates were measured. Cardiovascular risk was estimated with the Framingham equation. Results: In the overall sample, 184 individuals (23.3%) scored between 0–3 on the 14-point index we created, 308 (38.9%) between 4 and 5 points, and 299 (37.8%) 6 or more points. The results of multivariate analysis yield a common tendency in which the group with an adherence score of at least 6 points shows lower figures for total cholesterol (p = 0.007) and triglycerides (p = 0.002). Similarly, overall cardiovascular risk in this group is the lowest (p < 0.001), as is pulse wave velocity (p = 0.050) and the mean values of the obesity indexes studied (p < 0.05 in all cases). Conclusion: The rate of compliance with the Atlantic diet and physical activity shows that greater adherence to these recommendations is linked to lower cardiovascular risk, lower total cholesterol and triglycerides, lower rates of obesity and lower pulse wave velocity values.

The effect of known cardiovascular risk factors on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in school-aged children: a population based twin study

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. McCloskey ◽  
C. Sun ◽  
A. Pezic ◽  
J. Cochrane ◽  
R. Morley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Population Based

Childhood cardiovascular risk factors affect vascular function long before overt cardiovascular disease. Twin studies provide a unique opportunity to examine the influence of shared genetic and environmental influences on childhood cardiovascular function. We examined the relationship between birth parameters, markers of adiposity, insulin resistance, lipid profile and blood pressure and carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a validated non-invasive measure of arterial stiffness in a healthy cohort of school-aged twin children.PWV was performed on a population-based birth cohort of 147 twin pairs aged 7–11 years. Fasting blood samples, blood pressure and adiposity measures were collected concurrently. Mixed linear regression models were used to account for twin clustering, within- and between-twin pair associations.There were positive associations between both markers of higher adiposity, insulin resistance, elevated triglycerides and PWV, which remained significant after accounting for twin birth-set clustering. There was a positive association between both diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure and PWV in within-pair analysis in dizygotic, but not monozygotic twins, indicating genetic differences evident in dizygotic not monozygotic twins may affect these associations.Increased blood pressure, triglycerides and other metabolic markers are associated with increased PWV in school-aged twins. These results support both the genetic and environmental contribution to higher PWV, as a marker of arterial stiffness, and reiterate the importance of preventing metabolic syndrome from childhood.

Carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity acquisition methods and their associations with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical biomarkers of vascular health

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Aizawa ◽  
Phillip E. Gates ◽  
David M. Mawson ◽  
Salim Elyas ◽  
Francesco Casanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Vascular Health

A high ankle-brachial index is associated with increased aortic pulse wave velocity: the Czech post-MONICA study

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 790-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wohlfahrt ◽  
Daniel Palouš ◽  
Michaela Ingrischová ◽  
Alena Krajčoviechová ◽  
Jitka Seidlerová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
History Of

Background: Ankle brachial index (ABI) has been increasingly used in general practice to identify individuals with low ABI at high cardiovascular risk. However, there has been no consensus on the clinical significance of high ABI. The aim of our study was to compare aortic stiffness as a marker of cardiovascular risk in individuals with low (<1.0), normal (1.0–1.4), and high ABI (>1.4). Methods: A total of 911 individuals from the Czech post-MONICA study (a randomly selected 1% representative population sample, aged 54 ± 13.5 years, 47% of men) were examined. ABI was measured using a handheld Doppler and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) using the Sphygmocor device. Results: Of the 911 individuals, 28 (3.1%) had low ABI and 23 (2.5%) high ABI. There was a U-shaped association between aPWV and ABI. aPWV was significantly higher in individuals with low and high ABI compared with the normal ABI group (11.1 ± 2.8, 8.3 ± 2.3, p < 0.001; 10.8 ± 2.5, 8.3 ± 2.3 m/s, p < 0.001, respectively). In a model adjusted for age, sex, systolic, diastolic, mean blood pressure and examiner, aPWV remained increased in both extreme ABI groups compared with the normal ABI group. In logistic regression analysis, aPWV together with glucose level, male sex, and a history of deep venous thrombosis were independent predictors of high ABI, while cholesterol was not. Conclusion: This is the first study showing increased aortic stiffness in individuals with high ABI, presumably responsible for increased left ventricular mass described previously in this group. These findings suggest increased cardiovascular risk of high ABI individuals.

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