scholarly journals A new method for ECG recording in the prone position

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Cobos Gil ◽  
J Diz ◽  
F Islas
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
New Method ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
Precordial Lead ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
Low Amplitude

Abstract Introduction Prone ventilation is frequently used in critical patients. ECG is usually recorded transposing the precordial positions to the back (Fig. 1A). The resultant precordial leads are unpredictably different from the supine ECG and difficult to interpret. According to the dipole theory and the concept of mirror image electrocardiogram, each precordial point has an antipodal area where a mirror precordial lead can be recorded. Fig. 1B shows the location of the antipodal areas for the precordial points Purpose Based on this theoretical background we propose to use these antipodal areas to record inverted precordial leads (mirror leads M1 – M6) with diagnostic and monitoring potential. Patients and methods We have placed the precordial electrodes in the corresponding antipodal area for each precordial point (Fig. 1B) and we have recorded prone ECG in 20 subjects (10 healthy volunteers, 10 cardiac patients) The resultant ECGs (leads M1-M6) were compared with the standard supine ECGs (v1-V6). Results Mirror leads show low amplitude (especially V2-V4) compared to standard precordials, but are qualitatively quite similar (but inverted) to the supine precordial leads (Fig. 2). Conclusion We proposed a new method to obtain ECGs in prone patients. The resultant precordial leads are comparable to the standard precordial leads. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1 Figure 2

The importance of first and second ventilatory thresholds to define aerobic exercise intensity in cardiac patients and in healthy subjects: what is essential can be visible to the eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Anselmi ◽  
L Cavigli ◽  
A Pagliaro ◽  
S Valente ◽  
F Valentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Peak Vo2 ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Very High ◽  
Sedentary Subjects

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background. Although structured exercise training is strongly recommended in cardiac patients, uncertainties exist about the methods for determining exercise intensity (EI) and their correspondence with effective EI obtained by ventilatory thresholds. We aimed to determine the first (VT1) and second ventilatory threshold (VT2) in cardiac patients, sedentary subjects and athletes comparing VT1 and VT2 with EI defined by recommendations. Methods. We prospectively enrolled 350 subjects (mean age: 50.7 ± 12.9 years; 167 cardiac patients, 150 healthy sedentary subjects, 33 competitive endurance athletes). Each subject underwent ECG, echocardiography, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The percentages of peak VO2, peak heart rate (HR), and HR reserve were obtained at VT1 and VT2, and compared with EI definition proposed by the recommendations. Results. VO2 at VT1 corresponded to high rather than moderate EI in 67.1% and in 79.6% of cardiac patients, applying the definition of moderate exercise by the previous recommendations and the 2020 guidelines, respectively. Most of cardiac patients had VO2 values at VT2 corresponding to very-high rather than high EI (59.9% and 50.3%, by previous recommendations and 2020 guidelines, respectively). A better correspondence between ventilatory-thresholds and recommended EI domains was observed in healthy subjects and in athletes (90% and 93.9%, respectively). Conclusions. EI definition based on percentages of peak HR and peak VO2 may misclassify the effective EI and the discrepancy between the individually determined and the recommended EI is particularly relevant in cardiac patients. A ventilatory threshold-based rather than a range-based approach is advisable in order to define an appropriate level of EI. Abstract Figure.

scholarly journals A NEW METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF REGENERATED BONE TISSUE ON X-RAY IMAGES OF ELONGATED BONES

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Gądek ◽  
Leszek Wojnar ◽  
Maciej Tęsiorowski ◽  
Barbara Jasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
External Fixator ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
New Method ◽  
Ilizarov Method ◽  
Bone Lengthening ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Internal Part ◽  
Computer Aided Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
The Moment

A new method for quantification of bone regenerate on the basis of computer-aided analysis of digitized Xray images is presented and its applicability in bone lengthening using Ilizarov method is demonstrated. In contrary to classical methods the internal part of the bone image is taken into consideration instead of the bone edges. Theoretical background of this concept is presented and experimentally verified. Experimental results show that the method proposed allows us for assessment of the bone regenerate, precise choice of the moment of external fixator removal as well as prediction of abnormalities in the osteogenesis process (excluding overall decalcification). However, the rules of interpretation of the results are not discussed in details.

A New Method for Quantitative X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Mixtures of Oxides or Other Compounds by Empirical Parameter Methods

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mantler
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
New Method ◽  
Fundamental Parameter ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Empirical Parameter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Type

Two principal mathematical methods are used for quantitative XRFA: fundamental parameter calculations and the evaluation of empirical parameter equations. A comprehensive computer program based upon fundamental parameter equations was introduced in 1976 by D. Laguitton and M. Mantler (LAMA-I) and improved by T. C. Huang in 1979 (LAMA-II). The present paper describes the features of the theoretical background of a computer program using a new type of empirical (alpha*-) parameter equations. It is essentially designed for convenient analysis of compounds including those containing chemical elements, that cannot be directly measured by conventional X-ray spectrometers, such as oxides, nitrides, and others. The program also communicates automatically with LAMA in order to establish theoretical tables of alpha*-coefficients as well as conventional alpha-coefficients.

scholarly journals A New Method to Make 24-Hour Urine Collection More Convenient: A Validity Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooneh Nabavizadeh ◽  
Shadi Ghadermarzi ◽  
Mohammad Fakhri
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
New Method ◽  
Validity Study ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Collection Device ◽  
Fixed Proportion ◽  
High Degree

Background and Objectives. This study proposes a novel urine collection device that can divide each urine collection into 20 parts and store and cool just one part. The aim of the current study is to compare measured biomarkers from the proposed urine collection device to those of conventional 24-hour sampling method. We also hypothesized that the new method would significantly increase patients’ adherence to the timed urine collection.Methods. Two 24-hour urine samples with the conventional method and with the new automated urine collection device that uses just one-twentieth of each void were obtained from 40 healthy volunteers. Urine parameters including volume, creatinine, and protein levels were compared between the two methods and the agreement of two measurements for each subject was reported through Bland-Altman plots.Results. Our results confirmed that for all three variables, there is a positive correlationP<0.001between the two measurements and high degree of agreement could be seen in Bland-Altman plots. Moreover, more subjects reported the new method as “more convenient” for 24-hour urine collection.Conclusions. Our results clearly indicate that a fixed proportion of each void may significantly reduce the urine volume in timed collections and this, in turn, may increase subjects’ adherence to this difficult sampling.

Application of Conformal Maps to Origami-Based Structures: New Method to Design Deployable Circular Membranes

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Ishida ◽  
Taketoshi Nojima ◽  
Ichiro Hagiwara
Keyword(s):  
Radial Direction ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
New Method ◽  
Regular Polygons ◽  
Stainless Steel Plate ◽  
Deployable Structures ◽  
Conformal Maps ◽  
Geometrical Constraints ◽  
At Will

This paper presents a new method using conformal transformation to design crease patterns of circular membranes that can be wrapped up compactly. This method is focused on the advantages of origami that are packaged compactly and deployable at will, and enables to design complex deployable structures systematically and efficiently from simple structures, controlling angles among fold lines. Various deployable circular membranes are successfully produced by the method. They are wrapped up around the center of membranes and form structures such as regular polygons, rectangles, diamond shapes, etc. Circular membranes with zigzag fold lines to radial direction are also demonstrated. They are deployable along radial direction of membranes. The proposed method is flexible to generate zigzag fold lines, compared with the method by mirror image, since zigzag fold lines can be designed close to the center of membranes without geometrical constraints. For industrial application, models made of a plastic film, closing and a stainless steel plate are also demonstrated.

scholarly journals An ultrasound study of the long posterior sacroiliac ligament in healthy volunteers and in patients with noninflammatory sacroiliac joint pain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Plamen Todorov Todorov ◽  
Lili Mekenjan ◽  
Rodina Nestorova ◽  
Anastas Batalov
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Sacroiliac Joint ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Fibrillar Structure ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sacroiliac Joint Pain ◽  
Ultrasound Study

Aim: To describe the sonoanatomy of the long posterior sacroiliac ligament (LPSL) in healthy volunteers and to assess by ultrasound the LPSL in patients with noninflammatory sacroiliac joint pain (SIP).Material and methods: We assessed 64 LPSLs of 32 healthy controls and 40 LPSLs of 40 patients with unilateral noninflammatory SIP and a positive Fortin finger test. LPSLs in both groups were assessed for the presence of alterations in their structure, continuity and echogenicity and their thickness was measured in three predefined points. All patients were examined in prone position following a strict scanning protocol.Results: Detailed sonoanatomy description and measurement of the LPSL in healthy volunteers are provided (length: 31.32±4.79 mm, width: 8.14±1.28 mm, thickness: 2.05±0.55 mm; 1.64±0.41 mm and 1.51±0.42 mm at the iliac and sacral entheses and in its middle part, respectively). The LPSLs were found to be significantly thicker in the SIP group, with an optimum criterion value of >2.0 mm in its middle part to identify pathologically thickened ligaments. In addition, LPSLs inthe SIP group presented significantly more often hypoechogenicity/altered fibrillar structure (57.5% vs.16%) and/or periligamentous edema (72.8% vs 28%). The combination of either altered structure or periligamentous edema, with thickening of theligament’s body showed the best diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity 83.9% and 94.7% for the first combination and 100% and 84.6% for the second combination) to identify LPSL pathology in noninflammatory SIP.Conclusions: LPSL could be assessed by ultrasound and sonopathological lesions could be identified in patients with SIP.

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