scholarly journals Migration, adolescents and health

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Devakumar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Parental Migration ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Adult Roles ◽  
Taking Action

Abstract In low- and middle-income countries, migration for work is common but the health consequences on adolescents is poorly understood. Particularly in low-resource settings, when children enter their adolescent years, their lives change dramatically as they take on adult roles. Young girls may get married and forced to move to their husband's home where they conduct domestic work and are exposed to high levels of air pollution from cooking. They are also more likely to become parents themselves. Many girls and boys drop out of school to work near their home or migrate within the country or abroad. They face risks throughout the journey and often work in precarious forms of labour. Among them, the unaccompanied adolescents face even greater risks than those who move with their parents. When parents migrate, despite increases in wealth from remittances, child and adolescent mental and physical health tends to worsen. With evidence mostly from the South Asian context, Dr Devakumar will explain detrimental impact of parental migration on left-adolescents and raise the importance of policy makers and health-care professionals on taking action to improve the health planning targeting of these young people.

Could massive open online courses improve health and medical education?

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Schütte ◽  
Sophie-Hélène Goulet-Ebongue ◽  
Khamsa Habouchi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Massive Open Online Courses ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Massive Open Online ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Public ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Technological Advances

Abstract Technological advances during the last decade have provided novel opportunities for development of health and medical education. Education of health care professionals by massive open online courses (MOOCs) has been suggested in order to improve care and treatment of patients and the health literacy of the public. This article discusses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of MOOCs in health and medical education by taking a special focus on low and middle-income countries.

PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STATE OF STUDENTS IN DISTANCE LEARNING

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 147-149
Author(s):  
А.У. Шатырхан ◽  
А. Бекатар ◽  
А.Б. Қулдыбай ◽  
А.М. Жолдыбаева
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Psychoemotional State

Пандемия COVID-19 привела к самой большой неудаче в работе системы образования, которая затронула около 1,6 миллиарда учеников в более чем 190 странах и на всех континентах. Закрытие школ и других образовательных учреждений составило 94 процента мирового контингента учащихся, в странах с низким и средним уровнем дохода этот показатель составляет 99 процентов. Кроме того, расходы на образование угрожают охватить будущие поколения и устранить прогресс, достигнутый в течение десятилетий, что способствует доступности образования для девочек и молодых женщин и их продолжению обучения. Если говорить об экономических последствиях пандемии, то в следующем году еще 23,8 миллиона детей и молодых людей (от детей дошкольного возраста до студентов высших учебных заведений) могут бросить учебу или не получить доступ к образованию. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the biggest failure of the education system, affecting about 1.6 billion students in more than 190 countries and on all continents. The closure of schools and other educational institutions accounted for 94 per cent of the global student population, compared to 99 per cent in low-and middle-income countries. In addition, spending on education threatens to reach future generations and reverse the progress made over decades, which contributes to the accessibility of education for girls and young women and their continuing education. In terms of the economic impact of the pandemic, an additional 23.8 million children and young people (from pre-school children to university students) may drop out or not have access to education next year.

scholarly journals Creation of the gender-equitable school index for secondary schools using principal components analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Bergenfeld ◽  
Emma C Jackson ◽  
Kathryn M Yount
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
School Level ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Components Analysis

Abstract Background Higher schooling attainment for girls is associated with improved maternal and child health outcomes. In low- and middle-income countries, girls drop out of school at higher rates than boys beginning in early adolescence due to factors such as son preference and lack of access to menstrual supplies. Methods Using principal components analysis, we created a gender-equitable school (GES) index with data from 159 secondary schools in Nepal to measure school-level factors that may influence girls' secondary school pass rates. Results A component describing girls’ safety and hygiene was positively associated with school-wide pass rates for girls, and to a lesser degree for boys. Conclusions The GES index has diagnostic and programmatic utility in programs aimed at supporting girls’ education and health.

scholarly journals Governing multisectoral action for health in low-income and middle-income countries: an agenda for the way forward

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (Suppl 4) ◽  
pp. e000890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumanan Rasanathan ◽  
Vincent Atkins ◽  
Charles Mwansambo ◽  
Agnès Soucat ◽  
Sara Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Way

Drawing on experiences reviewed in the accompanying supplement and other literature, we present an agenda for the way forward for policy-makers, managers, civil society and development partners to govern multisectoral action for health in low-income and middle-income countries and consider how such an agenda might be realised. We propose the following key strategies: understand the key actors and political ecosystem, including type of multisectoral action required and mapping incentives, interests and hierarchies; frame the issue in the most strategic manner; define clear roles with specific sets of interventions according to sector; use existing structures unless there is a compelling reason not to do so; pay explicit attention to the roles of non-state sectors; address conflicts of interest and manage tradeoffs; distribute leadership; develop financing and monitoring systems to encourage collaboration; strengthen implementation processes and capacity; and support mutual learning and implementation research. To support countries to strengthen governance for multisectoral action, the global community can assist by further developing technical tools and convening peer learning by policy-makers (particularly from beyond the health sector), supporting knowledge management and sharing of experiences in multisectoral action beyond health, developing an agenda for and execution of implementation research and, finally, driving multilateral and bilateral development partners to transcend their own silos and work in a more multisectoral manner.

scholarly journals Primary care financing: a systematic assessment of research priorities in low- and middle-income countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 8) ◽  
pp. e001483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Goodyear-Smith ◽  
Andrew Bazemore ◽  
Megan Coffman ◽  
Richard Fortier ◽  
Amanda Howe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Delphi Round ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Low And Middle Income

IntroductionFinancing of primary healthcare (PHC) is the key to the provision of equitable universal care. We aimed to identify and prioritise the perceived needs of PHC practitioners and researchers for new research in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) about financing of PHC.MethodsThree-round expert panel consultation using web-based surveys of LMIC PHC practitioners, academics and policy-makers sampled from global networks. Iterative literature review conducted in parallel. First round (Pre-Delphi survey) elicited possible research questions to address knowledge gaps about financing. Responses were independently coded, collapsed and synthesised to two lists of questions. Round 2 (Delphi Round 1) invited panellists to rate importance of each question. In Round 3 (Delphi Round 2), panellists ranked questions in order of importance.ResultsA diverse range of PHC practitioners, academics and policy-makers in LMIC representing all global regions identified 479 knowledge gaps as potentially critical to improving PHC financing. Round 2 provided 31 synthesised questions on financing for rating. The top 16 were ranked in Round 3e to produce four prioritised research questions.ConclusionsThis novel exercise created an expansive and prioritised list of critical knowledge gaps in PHC financing research questions. This offers valuable guidance to global supporters of primary care evaluation and implementation, including research funders and academics seeking research priorities. The source and context specificity of this research, informed by LMIC practitioners and academics on a global and local basis, should increase the likelihood of local relevance and eventual success in implementing the findings.

scholarly journals The Impact of Trauma Care Systems in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 507-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri A. Reynolds ◽  
Barclay Stewart ◽  
Isobel Drewett ◽  
Stacy Salerno ◽  
Hendry R. Sawe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Care ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Outcome Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Injury is a leading cause of death globally, and organized trauma care systems have been shown to save lives. However, even though most injuries occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), most trauma care research comes from high-income countries where systems have been implemented with few resource constraints. Little context-relevant guidance exists to help policy makers set priorities in LMICs, where resources are limited and where trauma care may be implemented in distinct ways. We have aimed to review the evidence on the impact of trauma care systems in LMICs through a systematic search of 11 databases. Reports were categorized by intervention and outcome type and summarized. Of 4,284 records retrieved, 71 reports from 32 countries met inclusion criteria. Training, prehospital systems, and overall system organization were the most commonly reported interventions. Quality-improvement, costing, rehabilitation, and legislation and governance were relatively neglected areas. Included reports may inform trauma care system planning in LMICs, and noted gaps may guide research and funding agendas.

scholarly journals Finding Adequate Information: A Major Challenge for Policy-Makers in the Field of Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 169s-169s
Author(s):  
A. Courtay de Gaulle ◽  
P. Bey ◽  
A. Carayon ◽  
A. Ly ◽  
C. Gombe M Balawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Information ◽  
Good Decision ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Innovative Therapies ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development

Background and context: A global cancer epidemic is developing (GLOBOCAN 2012). In the case of low- and-middle-income countries, difficulties are cumulative: inadequate health systems, lack of training for professionals. Drastic decisions have to be taken in a very complex field. Good decision needs good information. What about information dedicated to policy-makers: to decide a question, they need specific information, marked by these features: synthetic, clear, scientifically validated. Actually, this is not easy to find. Moreover policy-makers can't really benefit from: 1. Information for health professionals which is complex and overabundant (the request “cancer” on PubMed “out” nearly 1.5 millions references). 2. Documents or testimonials for patients. Written by scientific societies or patients' associations, they mostly focus on 2 topics “understand your disease” and “how to cope with”. 3. Information from the Web, not always reliable in terms of quality. Strategy/Tactics: While policy advisors and international organizations provide appropriate studies and reports, mostly focused on “what should be done”, we believe that knowledge of basic cancer data are necessary to understand the proposals. We talk about issues like “what is cancer”, “what exactly cover radiotherapy, oncological surgery…”. Regarding French speaking Africa, Alliance Ligues Africaines and Méditérranéennes (ALIAM) and The French League have produced targeted information for decision-makers. The document was presented in Brazzaville in June 2017. Access to this book is free: www.livre-cancer.aliam.org . The editorial method was discussed and we made the choice to write short sheets, to quickly understand the useful definitions and problems. Rather than comprehensiveness, a pedagogical will and a desire for clarity guided the writing. Diagrams and photos had to be abundant to facilitate understanding. Moreover, this format allows a permanent update of the subjects and the introduction of new topics as needed. What was learned: On the basis of this experience, ALIAM and the league are convinced that a pedagogic document with an international vocation would be useful for all policy makers. Proposal for action: UICC would be the perfect organizer of a working group to produce such a document. The goal would be to develop a consensus text which resume essential data on all common themes of cancer. About 25 themes could be identified, e.g., definition and mechanisms of development of cancers, risk factors, screening and early diagnosis, anatomic pathology and telepathology, molecular biology, imaging and interventional radiology, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and innovative therapies, palliative care etc. Moreover, focus on specific location of cancer (breast, cervix, lung…) and pediatric cancers should be developed. Then, it would be easier for any world regions to supplement this validated information with additional specific data describing the local situation. Hierarchizing action priorities would be facilitated.

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