New models and taxonomies to understand and address the commercial determinants of health

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Gilmore ◽  
L Robertson ◽  
M Petticrew ◽  
N Maani Hessari
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Health It ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Risk Framing ◽  
Effective Public Health

Abstract Current models of the determinants of health risk framing public health problems and solutions in ways that obscure the role that the private sector, in particular large transnational companies, play in shaping population health. This presentation will propose a new conceptual model of the commercial determinants of health which recognises the commercial sector's direct, indirect, upstream and downstream influences on health. It will also present emerging evidence-based taxonomies that draw together evidence on the key corporate practices which stymie the implementation of effective public health policies. In so doing, the presentation will explore how we move from understanding to addressing the commercial determinants of health.

scholarly journals Formulating evidence-based public health policies: A guide to policy makers

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
SaurabhR Shrivastava ◽  
PrateekS Shrivastava ◽  
Jegadeesh Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Public Health Policies

scholarly journals Tobacco Control in Hospitals in Jordan: Policy Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Maha Alkaid Albqoor, RN, MPH, MSN, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Tobacco Epidemic ◽  
Effective Public Health

<p><em>Despite the concerns about very high rates of smoking in Jordanian population and the growing efforts to combat the tobacco epidemic, smoking at hospitals in Jordan and the poor complying with smoking prevention policies are important aspects of the problem. The paper examined the scope </em><em>and the progress </em><em>of smoking problem in Jordanian hospitals, </em><em>recognized public health policies on tobacco control </em><em>in hospitals in Jordan, and explored the obstacles in applying tobacco control policies in hospitals. The paper also proposed some recommendations for effective public health policies that regulate tobacco smoking in hospitals and other health care facilities in Jordan.</em></p>

scholarly journals Advancing public health policy making through research on the political strategies of alcohol industry actors

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim McCambridge ◽  
Kypros Kypri ◽  
Trevor A Sheldon ◽  
Mary Madden ◽  
Thomas F Babor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Mortality Burden ◽  
Global Influence

Abstract Development and implementation of evidence-based policies is needed in order to ameliorate the rising toll of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Alcohol is a key cause of the mortality burden and alcohol policies are under-developed. This is due in part to the global influence of the alcohol industry. We propose that a better understanding of the methods and the effectiveness of alcohol industry influence on public health policies will support efforts to combat such influence, and advance global health. Many of the issues on the research agenda we propose will inform, and be informed by, research into the political influence of other commercial actors.

scholarly journals Bringing the commercial determinants of health out of the shadows: a review of how the commercial determinants are represented in conceptual frameworks

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nason Maani ◽  
Jeff Collin ◽  
Sharon Friel ◽  
Anna B Gilmore ◽  
Jim McCambridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Transnational Companies

Abstract Background The term ‘commercial determinants of health’ (CDOH) is increasingly focussing attention upon the role of tobacco, alcohol and food and beverage companies and others—as important drivers of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the CDOH do not seem to be clearly represented in the most common social determinants of health (SDOH) frameworks. We review a wide range of existing frameworks of the determinants of health to determine whether and how commercial determinants are incorporated into current SDOH thinking. Methods We searched for papers and non-academic reports published in English since 2000 describing influences on population health outcomes. We included documents with a formal conceptual framework or diagram, showing the integration of the different determinants. Results Forty-eight framework documents were identified. Only one explicitly included the CDOH in a conceptual diagram. Ten papers discussed the commercial determinants in some form in the text only and fourteen described negative impacts of commercial determinants in the text. Twelve discussed positive roles for the private sector in producing harmful commodities. Overall, descriptions of commercial determinants are frequently understated, not made explicit, or simply missing. The role of commercial actors as vectors of NCDs is largely absent or invisible in many of the most influential conceptual diagrams. Conclusions Our current public health models may risk framing public health problems and solutions in ways that obscure the role that the private sector, in particular large transnational companies, play in shaping the broader environment and individual behaviours, and thus population health outcomes.

How evidence based are public health policies for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV?

BMJ ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 346 (jun20 5) ◽  
pp. f3763-f3763 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. d. Perre ◽  
T. Tylleskar ◽  
J.-F. Delfraissy ◽  
N. Nagot
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals The potential and current use of mHealth-based self-quantification tools for primary prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Nittas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Robust Evidence

Abstract The panellist Vasileios Nittas will discuss about the potential and current use of mHealth-based self-quantification tools for primary prevention; key barriers and facilitators; their ethical, structural and contextual implications - as well as their impact on developing robust, evidence-based digital (public) health policies.

scholarly journals Epidemiological observations on breaking COVID-19 transmission: from the experience of Taiwan

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-216240
Author(s):  
Iona MacDonald ◽  
Jye-Lin Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government ◽  
Effective Public Health ◽  
Ongoing Monitoring

With almost no community-transmitted cases and without any complete lockdown throughout 2020, Taiwan is one of very few countries worldwide that has recorded minimal impact from the COVID-19 pandemic attack. This is despite being only 130 km from China and having frequent business communications with that country, where COVID-19 first emerged. At the end of December 2020, Taiwan had recorded just 873 cases and 7 deaths, in a country of around 24 million people. How to determine the effectiveness of public health policies is an important issue that must be resolved, especially in those countries that have experienced few cases of community-transmitted COVID-19. Our analysis of epidemiological data in Taiwan relating to influenza-like illness (ILI), enterovirus and diarrhoea from the past 3 years reveals dramatic reductions in the incidence of ILI and enterovirus in 2020, compared with 2018 and 2019. These reductions occurred within 2 weeks of the government issuing public health policies for COVID-19 and indicate that such policies can effectively reduce infectious diseases overall. In contrast, no such reduction in ILI activity was observed in 2020 after the first COVID-19 case was reported in the USA. We suggest that infectious diseases data can be used to inform effective public health policies needed to break the transmission chain of COVID-19 and that ongoing monitoring of infectious diseases data can provide confidence about nationwide health.

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