Community based approach to address health disparities among Roma in North Macedonia
Abstract Issue Roma represent vulnerable group regarding health and health outcomes. Most health research and policies perceive Roma as a coherent group, although there are disparities within different subgroups. This is due to social determinants of health and other causes. Perceiving Roma community as monolith group may result in provision of activities for persons that don’t have need and leaving behind the vulnerable. Situation is similar with other marginalized and vulnerable populations. Description In 2016 started community based intervention including social accountability and legal empowerment regarding coverage,quality of health services and health rights violation. Work conducted in ShutoOrizari municipality with estimated 30.000 Roma. In 4 localities where most vulnerable Roma live, each comprised of 200 households. 2 persons from Roma NGOs and 4 community members work as team in 1 locality. Mapping of the community conducted and community inquiry. Findings shared with the community members. Findings used to conduct education of community and toconduct advocacy on local and national level with community participation in 2018for improvement of coverage and quality of services. Results Approach identified disparities among Roma.1256 persons surveyed from 4 localities. 4 localities have high unemployment rate (above 70%),monthly income related to the locality (p < 0.0002). Disparities in health and access to health services among localities noted. Self-reported health status is related to locality(p < 0.002). Coverage with health services also,including having registered gynecologist(p < 0.001),regular gynecological examinations(p < 0.00001),antenatal care(p < 0.0003). Lessons Identifying needs among Roma living in smaller localities enables tailoring of health interventions based on needs. Identification of the problems on micro level is relevant for the community concerned,increasing their involvement in demanding improvement and advocacy. Key messages Working in strictly defined localities/groups from Roma communities provides accurate insight in the health related issues. Working with defined localities/groups enables greater involvement of the community in advocacy for fulfillment of their rights.