scholarly journals New ECCO model documents for Material Deposit and Transfer Agreements in compliance with the Nagoya Protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Verkley ◽  
Giancarlo Perrone ◽  
Mery Piña ◽  
Amber Hartman Scholz ◽  
Jörg Overmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Material Transfer ◽  
Access And Benefit Sharing ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Material Transfer Agreement ◽  
The Status

ABSTRACT The European Culture Collections’ Organisation presents two new model documents for Material Deposit Agreement (MDA) and Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) designed to enable microbial culture collection leaders to draft appropriate agreement documents for, respectively, deposit and supply of materials from a public collection. These tools provide guidance to collections seeking to draft an MDA and MTA, and are available in open access to be used, modified, and shared. The MDA model consists of a set of core fields typically included in a ‘deposit form’ to collect relevant information to facilitate assessment of the status of the material under access and benefit sharing (ABS) legislation. It also includes a set of exemplary clauses to be included in ‘terms and conditions of use’ for culture collection management and third parties. The MTA model addresses key issues including intellectual property rights, quality, safety, security and traceability. Reference is made to other important tools such as best practices and code of conduct related to ABS issues. Besides public collections, the MDA and MTA model documents can also be useful for individual researchers and microbial laboratories that collect or receive microbial cultures, keep a working collection, and wish to share their material with others.

scholarly journals The U.S. Culture Collection Network Responding to the Requirements of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing

mBio ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin McCluskey ◽  
Katharine B. Barker ◽  
Hazel A. Barton ◽  
Kyria Boundy-Mills ◽  
Daniel R. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Access And Benefit Sharing ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Nagoya Protocol ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT The U.S. Culture Collection Network held a meeting to share information about how culture collections are responding to the requirements of the recently enacted Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The meeting included representatives of many culture collections and other biological collections, the U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Secretariat of the CBD, interested scientific societies, and collection groups, including Scientific Collections International and the Global Genome Biodiversity Network. The participants learned about the policies of the United States and other countries regarding access to genetic resources, the definition of genetic resources, and the status of historical materials and genetic sequence information. Key topics included what constitutes access and how the CBD Access and Benefit-Sharing Clearing-House can help guide researchers through the process of obtaining Prior Informed Consent on Mutually Agreed Terms. U.S. scientists and their international collaborators are required to follow the regulations of other countries when working with microbes originally isolated outside the United States, and the local regulations required by the Nagoya Protocol vary by the country of origin of the genetic resource. Managers of diverse living collections in the United States described their holdings and their efforts to provide access to genetic resources. This meeting laid the foundation for cooperation in establishing a set of standard operating procedures for U.S. and international culture collections in response to the Nagoya Protocol.

scholarly journals Furthering Genomic Research Infrastructures: The Global Genome Biodiversity Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Barker ◽  
Jonas Astrin ◽  
Gabriele Droege ◽  
Jonathan Coddington ◽  
Ole Seberg
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ◽  
Access And Benefit Sharing ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Data Standard ◽  
Research Infrastructures ◽  
Biodiversity Information

Most successful research programs depend on easily accessible and standardized research infrastructures. Until recently, access to tissue or DNA samples with standardized metadata and of a sufficiently high quality, has been a major bottleneck for genomic research. The Global Geonome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) fills this critical gap by offering standardized, legal access to samples. Presently, GGBN’s core activity is enabling access to searchable DNA and tissue collections across natural history museums and botanic gardens. Activities are gradually being expanded to encompass all kinds of biodiversity biobanks such as culture collections, zoological gardens, aquaria, arboreta, and environmental biobanks. Broadly speaking, these collections all provide long-term storage and standardized public access to samples useful for molecular research. GGBN facilitates sample search and discovery for its distributed member collections through a single entry point. It stores standardized information on mostly geo-referenced, vouchered samples, their physical location, availability, quality, and the necessary legal information on over 50,000 species of Earth’s biodiversity, from unicellular to multicellular organisms. The GGBN Data Portal and the GGBN Data Standard are complementary to existing infrastructures such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and International Nucleotide Sequence Database (INSDC). Today, many well-known open-source collection management databases such as Arctos, Specify, and Symbiota, are implementing the GGBN data standard. GGBN continues to increase its collections strategically, based on the needs of the research community, adding over 1.3 million online records in 2018 alone, and today two million sample data are available through GGBN. Together with Consortium of European Taxonomic Facilities (CETAF), Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections (SPNHC), Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG), and Synthesis of Systematic Resources (SYNTHESYS+), GGBN provides best practices for biorepositories on meeting the requirements of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). By collaboration with the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), GGBN is exploring options for tagging publications that reference GGBN collections and associated specimens, made searchable through GGBN’s document library. Through its collaborative efforts, standards, and best practices GGBN aims at facilitating trust and transparency in the use of genetic resources.

scholarly journals WFCC-MIRCEN: world data centre for microorganisms

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Hideaki Sugawara
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
World Data ◽  
Data Centre ◽  
The 1960S

In the 1960s, microbiology and culture collection experts met several times to develop a strategic plan to foster microbial culture collections. They quickly recognised that statistics on the activities of culture collections worldwide were not available and that there was a need for a ?world directory of collections of cultures of microorganisms? that accumulated information on culture collections. It was obvious also that a world data centre for microorganisms was required to develop and maintain the directory.

scholarly journals In Silico Comparison Shows that the Pan-Genome of a Dairy-Related Bacterial Culture Collection Covers Most Reactions Annotated to Human Microbiomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Roder ◽  
Daniel Wüthrich ◽  
Cornelia Bär ◽  
Zahra Sattari ◽  
Ueli von Ah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Pan Genome ◽  
Dairy Research

The diversity of the human microbiome is positively associated with human health. However, this diversity is endangered by Westernized dietary patterns that are characterized by a decreased nutrient variety. Diversity might potentially be improved by promoting dietary patterns rich in microbial strains. Various collections of bacterial cultures resulting from a century of dairy research are readily available worldwide, and could be exploited to contribute towards this end. We have conducted a functional in silico analysis of the metagenome of 24 strains, each representing one of the species in a bacterial culture collection composed of 626 sequenced strains, and compared the pathways potentially covered by this metagenome to the intestinal metagenome of four healthy, although overweight, humans. Remarkably, the pan-genome of the 24 strains covers 89% of the human gut microbiome’s annotated enzymatic reactions. Furthermore, the dairy microbial collection covers biological pathways, such as methylglyoxal degradation, sulfate reduction, γ-aminobutyric (GABA) acid degradation and salicylate degradation, which are differently covered among the four subjects and are involved in a range of cardiometabolic, intestinal, and neurological disorders. We conclude that microbial culture collections derived from dairy research have the genomic potential to complement and restore functional redundancy in human microbiomes.

Pathogens collections, biobanks and related-data in a One Health legal and ethical perspective

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLAIRE LAJAUNIE ◽  
CALVIN WAI-LOON HO
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Material Transfer ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Research Partnerships ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Material Transfer Agreement

SUMMARYResearch on emerging infectious diseases calls for a work on collections of pathogens (including hosts or vectors from which the pathogens were isolated), related to human and animal health, to wildlife or on the environmental material. In this respect, the adoption of a One Health perspective is determined by the need for a common approach to consider the collection, storage and use of pathogens coming from human or non-human sources, and particularly when the same pathogen is taken from different environments. In response to this development, our purpose is to delineate a flexible regulation framework concerning collections of pathogens from various origins or hosts and their associated data in order to facilitate scientific work and research partnerships. The legal and ethical cutting-edge research on Biomedical Big Data is particularly stimulating when it comes to address challenges related to collections or biobanks of pathogens such as prior informed consent and accessibility, Material Transfer Agreement or benefit sharing.

scholarly journals Description and Genome Analysis of Methylotetracoccus aquaticus sp. nov. , a Novel Tropical Wetland Methanotroph, with the Amended Description of Methylotetracoccus gen. nov.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monali Rahalkar ◽  
Kumal Khatri ◽  
Jyoti Mohite ◽  
Pranitha Pandit ◽  
Rahul Bahulikar
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Freshwater Wetland ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Fame Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fame Profile

We enriched and isolated a novel gammproteobacterial methanotroph; strain FWC3, from tropical freshwater wetland, near Nagaon beach, Alibag, India. FWC3 is a coccoid, flesh pink/peach pigmented, non-motile methanotroph and the cells are present in pairs and as tetracocci. The culture can grow on methane (20%) as well as on a wide range of methanol from concentrations (0.02%-5%). Based on the comparison of genome data, FAME analysis, morphological characters and biochemical characters, FWC3 belongs to the tentatively and newly but not validly described genus ‘Methylotetracoccus’ of which only a single species strain was described, Methylotetracoccus oryzae C50C1. The ANI index between FWC3 and C50C1 strains is 94%, and the DDH value is 55.7%, less than the cut-off values 96% and 70%, respectively. The genome size of FWC3 is smaller (3.4 Mbp) compared to that of C50C1 (4.8 Mbp). Additionally, the FAME profile of FWC3 shows differences in cell wall fatty acid profiles compared to Methylotetracoccus oryzae C50C1. Also, there are other differences on the morphological, physiological and genomic levels. We propose FWC3 to be a member of a novel species of the genus Methylotetracoccus, for which the name Methylotetracoccus aquaticus is proposed. Also, an amended description of the genus Methylotetracoccus gen. nov. is given here. FWC3 is available in two international culture collections with the accession numbers: MCC 4198 (Microbial Culture collection, India) and JCM 33786 (Japan Collection of Microorganisms, Japan).

scholarly journals Code of Conduct on Biosecurity for Biological Resource Centres: procedural implementation

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_7) ◽  
pp. 2374-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Rohde ◽  
David Smith ◽  
Dunja Martin ◽  
Dagmar Fritze ◽  
Joost Stalpers
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Biological Resource ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Micro Organisms

A globally applicable code of conduct specifically dedicated to biosecurity has been developed together with guidance for its procedural implementation. This is to address the regulations governing potential dual-use of biological materials, associated information and technologies, and reduce the potential for their malicious use. Scientists researching and exchanging micro-organisms have a responsibility to prevent misuse of the inherently dangerous ones, that is, those possessing characters such as pathogenicity or toxin production. The code of conduct presented here is based on best practice principles for scientists and their institutions working with biological resources with a specific focus on micro-organisms. It aims to raise awareness of regulatory needs and to protect researchers, their facilities and stakeholders. It reflects global activities in this area in response to legislation such as that in the USA, the PATRIOT Act of 2001, Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001; the Anti-Terrorism Crime and Security Act 2001 and subsequent amendments in the UK; the EU Dual-Use Regulation; and the recommendations of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), under their Biological Resource Centre (BRC) Initiative at the beginning of the millennium (OECD, 2001). Two project consortia with international partners came together with experts in the field to draw up a Code of Conduct on Biosecurity for BRCs to ensure that culture collections and microbiologists in general worked in a way that met the requirements of such legislation. A BRC is the modern day culture collection that adds value to its holdings and implements common best practice in the collection and supply of strains for research and development. This code of conduct specifically addresses the work of public service culture collections and describes the issues of importance and the controls or practices that should be in place. However, these best practices are equally applicable to all other microbiology laboratories holding, using and sharing microbial resources. The code was introduced to the Seventh Review Conference to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC), United Nations, Geneva, 2011; the delegates to the States’ parties recommended that this code of conduct be broadly applied in the life sciences and disseminated amongst microbiologists, hence the publishing of it here along with practical implementation guidance. This paper considers the regulatory and working environment for microbiology, defines responsibilities and provides practical advice on the implementation of best practice in handling the organism itself, associated data and technical know-how.

scholarly journals Regulatory Framework of Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) Under Indonesian Laws

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andhika Indra Perdana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Material Transfer ◽  
Material Transfer Agreement

The MTA provides for a contractual agreement between a provider and recipient of the material which content the rights and obligations of all parties, including third parties. In international law, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and FAO International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPRFA) provides mandate to Contracting Parties have to enact laws and adopt policies regarding the MTA for negotiation between the recipient and provider of access to genetic resources based on profit-sharing agreement. Regulation MTA in Indonesia is covered in the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture under Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture No. 15/Permentan/OT.140/3/2009 on Guidelines for Preparation of Material Transfer Agreement and Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 657/Menkes/Per/VIII/2009 on Delivery and Use of Clinical Specimens, Biological Materials and Content the information. This article aims to examine the provisions of MTA under international laws and Indonesian law, it will analyze to what extent MTA set out in Regulation of the Indonesian Minister of Agriculture No. 15/Permentan/OT.140/3/2009 and Indonesian Minister of Health No. 657/Menkes/Per/VIII/2009. Then this study will also give suggestion for additional terms due to any weaknesses of MTA regulations in Indonesia. MTA regulations provides many benefits for Indonesia as a state provider, especially in terms of the protection of intellectual property rights. Provider can cooperate to research and development on food, agriculture and health, with domestic or foreign researcher, providers gain benefit sharing on the sale or lisence of products produced from the contracted material. For local communities also gain profit from its commercialization of the collection or invention of material obtained in the region owned by local communities. Yet, the MTA regulations is considered can inhibit the development of research and invention, costly. MTA provision that allow the recipient to distribute the genetic material and its derivates to other parties raises possibility violation by the recipient and also will arise conflict on the third party. According to MTA regulations, the provider difficult to monitor and control the implementation of the agreement. Thus, It needs to be more detailed arrangements regarding intellectual property protection to limit the use of the transferred material, also need to be set separated on benefit sharing when both parties negotiate of MTA.

scholarly journals ITEM - agro-food microbial culture collection: The importance of toxigenic fungi in the fight against mycotoxins

2014 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Francesca Fanelli ◽  
Antonio Logrieco
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Biology

Fungal culture collections are important to biologists, microbiologists, epidemiologists and others involved in health and natural sciences. The improvement of techniques and methods for fungal isolation and preservation has contributed to maintain large microbial collections, which represent a rich source of biological sciences research, especially taxonomic, pathological and biodiversity studies as well as industrial applications. The collection centers are responsible for repository reference strains and for the maintenance of these microorganisms. The ITEM Microbial Culture Collection of ISPA (Institute of Sciences and of Food Production) includes more than 10,000 strains belonging to various agro-food microorganisms with phytopathological and toxicological significance. These microorganisms are mainly fungal pathogens belonging to toxigenic genera of Fusarium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Penicillium. This collection is a remarkable resource in the fight against mycotoxins: the increasing number of toxigenic fungi included in this collection ensures an original genetic source for biotechnological applications in several fields of research, contributing to knowledge improvement about fungal biology and strategies development for reducing mycotoxin contamination.

scholarly journals The Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Seed Rights during Ethnobotanical Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Letitia M. McCune
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Material Transfer ◽  
Access And Benefit Sharing ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The People ◽  
Sustainability Movement

Recognition of the importance of biodiversity for global food security and the community food sustainability movement has helped increase awareness of seed rights. International treaties created to ensure the world’s access to seed biodiversity address access to seed banks for breeding purposes. Ethnobotanists are often required to deposit research plant specimens with government seed banks or herbariums. If Indigenous Peoples’ plants are then used developing patented varieties, are their rights recognized? These rights depend upon recognition of Indigenous Peoples as plant breeders, prior informed consent (PIC) protocols, access and benefit sharing (ABS) agreements via material transfer agreements, and benefits returned to Indigenous and local communities per the Nagoya Protocol. To ensure such rights to genetic material and associated intellectual property rights, documentation of these agreements and links to the people and communities from which they originated needs to occur at first collection and throughout subsequent research, conservation, and breeding programs.

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