Genetic analysis and pathogenicity of different sequence types of Streptococcus suis isolated from pigs in southern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Peng ◽  
Mengting Lin ◽  
Zishu Huang ◽  
Sitao Guo ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Genetic Typing ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT In this study, 52 Streptococcus suis isolates from pigs in southern China were divided into four known sequence types (STs) and six new STs, using multilocus sequence typing. Ten representative isolates were selected from 10 STs for the analysis of whole genome sequences. Virulence was assessed in 10 isolates, which were classified into three pathogenic groups. The prevalence of virulence-associated factors in the moderately pathogenic group was higher than that in the highly pathogenic group. The isolates from ST1 complex and serotype 2 were allocated to the moderately pathogenic group, while the isolates from the highly pathogenic group belonged to the non-ST1 complex and non-serotype 2. Three clusters were obtained based on multilocus sequence typing sequences: cluster III isolates from the nasal cavity of healthy pigs were classified into the highly pathogenic group and showed many peculiarities compared with cluster I and II isolates in virulence genotypes, genetic typing and pathogenesis, indicating a potential independent evolutionary line. Our results suggest that S. suis infections in China are becoming more complicated with constantly mutating isolates, which makes it difficult to distinguish their virulence by recognized typing methods. Thus, increased investigation and monitoring of these infections should be a priority for the swine industry in China.

scholarly journals Genotypic Comparison between Streptococcus suis Isolated from Pigs and Humans in Thailand

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusak Kerdsin ◽  
Dan Takeuchi ◽  
Aniroot Nuangmek ◽  
Yukihiro Akeda ◽  
Marcelo Gottschalk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
Pork Products ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Sequence Types

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen of economic significance to the swine industry. The number of infected cases is increasing in humans worldwide. In this study, we determined the prevalence and diversity of S. suis carriage in slaughterhouse pigs in Phayao province, Thailand, where an outbreak occurred in 2007. The overall S. suis carriage rate was 35.2% among slaughterhouse pigs. The prevalence rates of serotypes 2 and 14 (the major serotypes infected in humans) were 6.7% and 2.6%, respectively. In both serotypes, 70.4% of isolates of serotypes 2 and 14 revealed sequence types and pulsotypes identical to human isolates in Thailand. It is suggested that pathogenic strains of S. suis are a risk factor for occupational exposure to pigs or the consumption of raw pork products. Food safety, hygiene, and health education should be encouraged to reduce the risk group.

Nasal Carriage ofStaphylococcus aureus: Which Sequence Types Do Orthopedic Surgical Healthcare Workers Carry?

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Skråmm ◽  
Aina Elisabeth Fossum Moen ◽  
Kjetil Alm-Kristiansen ◽  
Geir Bukholm
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Ofstaphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Sequence Types

Using sequence typing methods, we found that healthcare workers on our orthopedic surgery unit were persistent carriers of a limited number of sequence types ofStaphylococcus aureusfor a limited time. Multilocus sequence typing characterized 3 clonal complexes that accounted for more than 80% of the clonal complexes identified.

scholarly journals Comparison of Two Multilocus Sequence Typing Schemes for Mycoplasma bovis and Revision of the PubMLST Reference Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen B. Register ◽  
Inna Lysnyansky ◽  
Murray D. Jelinski ◽  
William D. Boatwright ◽  
Matthew Waldner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Alternative Scheme ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Optimal Replacement ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma bovis causes pneumonia, pharyngitis, otitis, arthritis, mastitis, and reproductive disorders in cattle and bison. Two multilocus sequence typing (MLST) schemes have been developed for M. bovis, with one serving as the PubMLST reference method, but no comparison of the schemes has been undertaken. Although the PubMLST scheme has proven to be highly discriminatory and informative, the recent discovery of isolates missing one of the typing loci, adh-1, raises concern about its suitability for continued use. The goal of our study was to compare the performance of the two MLST schemes and identify a new reference scheme capable of fully typing all isolates. We evaluated 448 isolates from diverse geographic and anatomic sites that collectively represent cattle, bison, deer, and a goat. The discrimination indexes (DIs) for the PubMLST and the alternative scheme are 0.909 (91 sequence types [STs]) and 0.842 (77 STs), respectively. Although the PubMLST scheme outperformed the alternative scheme, the adh-1 locus must be retired from the PubMLST scheme if it is to be retained as a reference method. The DI obtained using the six remaining PubMLST loci (0.897, 79 STs) fails to reach the benchmark recommended for a reference method (0.900), mandating the addition of a seventh locus. Comparative analysis of genome sequences from the isolates used here identified the dnaA locus from the alternative scheme as the optimal replacement for adh-1. This revised scheme, which will be implemented as the new PubMLST reference method, has a DI of 0.914 and distinguishes 88 STs from the 448 isolates evaluated.

scholarly journals Streptococcus suis Isolates—Serotypes and Susceptibility to Antimicrobials in Terms of Their Use on Selected Repopulated Czech Pig Farms

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
Ján Matiašovic ◽  
Kateřina Nedbalcová ◽  
Marek Žižlavský ◽  
Petr Fleischer ◽  
Lucie Pokludová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sequence Types

Streptococcus suis represents a primary health problem (such as meningitis, septicemia and arthritis in piglets and fatteners) in the swine industry worldwide and also an emerging zoonotic pathogen. In the Czech Republic, many pig farms repopulated their herds over the past decades to reduce morbidity and minimize treatment. The study analysed serotypes, sequence types and antimicrobial susceptibility in 39 S. suis isolates obtained from organs of diseased pigs from selected 16 repopulated farms with a history of S. suis-associated diseases and routine antimicrobial treatment with tulathromycin and/or amoxicillin. The analysis revealed diversity of collected isolates with regular occurrence of more than three serotypes per farm. The serotypes identified were 1/2 and 7, each in six isolates, followed by serotype 2 and 3 found in five isolates each, other serotypes were less frequent. Seven isolates were not typable by multiplex PCR and we also found sequence type of unknown type in thirteen isolates. The majority of S. suis isolates were resistant to clindamycin (n = 31), tetracycline (n = 29) and tilmicosin and tulathromycin (n = 28). On the other hand, with the exception of two isolates that were intermediately susceptible to penicillin and ampicillin, all isolates were susceptible to all three tested subgroups of beta-lactam antibiotics.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular Analysis of Penicillin-Nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Sadowy ◽  
Radosław Izdebski ◽  
Anna Skoczyńska ◽  
Paweł Grzesiowski ◽  
Marek Gniadkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Related Clone ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT β-Lactams are the drugs of choice for the treatment of infections caused by the important bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. The recent growth of resistance of this organism to penicillin observed worldwide is of the highest concern. In this study, using 887 surveillance pneumococcal isolates recovered in Poland from 1998 to 2002, we observed the increase in penicillin nonsusceptibility from 8.7% to 20.3%. All of the 109 penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae (PNSP) isolates identified, together with 22 archival PNSP isolates from 1995 to 1997, were subsequently analyzed by susceptibility testing, serotyping, profiling of pbp genes, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Four predominant serotypes, serotypes 6B, 9V, 14, and 23F, characterized 85.5% of the isolates. MLST revealed the presence of 34 sequence types, 15 of which were novel types. Representatives of seven multiresistant international clones (Spain23F-1, Spain6B-2, Spain9V-3, Taiwan23F-15, Poland23F-16, Poland6B-20, and Sweden15A-25) or their closely related variants comprised the majority of the study isolates. The spread of Spain9V-3 and its related clone of serotype 14/ST143 has remarkably contributed to the recent increase in penicillin resistance in pneumococci in the country.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Four Clinical Legionella pneumophila Isolates from Ontario, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. e00295-18
Author(s):  
Alexander Fortuna ◽  
Ricardo Ramnarine ◽  
Aimin Li ◽  
Nahuel Fittipaldi ◽  
Christine Frantz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Outbreak Investigations ◽  
Typing Methods

ABSTRACT Legionella pneumophila outbreak investigations require the development of reliable typing methods to better understand the genetic relationships of the isolates involved. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of four clinical Legionella pneumophila isolates obtained between 2000 and 2012 in Ontario, Canada.

scholarly journals Population Genetics and Characterization ofCampylobacter jejuniIsolates from Western Jackdaws and Game Birds in Finland

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Kovanen ◽  
Mirko Rossi ◽  
Mari Pohja-Mykrä ◽  
Timo Nieminen ◽  
Mirja Raunio-Saarnisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Mallard Duck ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Game Birds ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACTPoultry are considered a major reservoir and source of human campylobacteriosis, but the roles of environmental reservoirs, including wild birds, have not been assessed in depth. In this study, we isolated and characterizedCampylobacter jejunifrom western jackdaws (n= 91, 43%), mallard ducks (n= 82, 76%), and pheasants (n= 9, 9%). Most of the western jackdaw and mallard duckC. jejuniisolates represented multilocus sequence typing (MLST) sequence types (STs) that diverged from those previously isolated from human patients and various animal species, whereas all pheasant isolates represented ST-19, a common ST among human patients and other hosts worldwide. Whole-genome MLST revealed that mallard duck ST-2314 and pheasant ST-19 isolates represented bacterial clones that were genetically highly similar to human isolates detected previously. Further analyses revealed that in addition to a divergent ClonalFrame genealogy, certain genomic characteristics of the western jackdawC. jejuniisolates, e.g., a novelcdtABCgene cluster and the type VI secretion system (T6SS), may affect their host specificity and virulence. Game birds may thus pose a risk for acquiring campylobacteriosis; therefore, hygienic measures during slaughter and meat handling warrant special attention.IMPORTANCEThe roles of environmental reservoirs, including wild birds, in the molecular epidemiology ofCampylobacter jejunihave not been assessed in depth. Our results showed that game birds may pose a risk for acquiring campylobacteriosis, because they hadC. jejunigenomotypes highly similar to human isolates detected previously. Therefore, hygienic measures during slaughter and meat handling warrant special attention. On the contrary, a unique phylogeny was revealed for the western jackdaw isolates, and certain genomic characteristics identified among these isolates are hypothesized to affect their host specificity and virulence. Comparative genomics within sequence types (STs), using whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST), and phylogenomics are efficient methods to analyze the genomic relationships ofC. jejuniisolates.

scholarly journals Usefulness of genetic typing methods to trace epidemiologically Salmonella serotype Ohio

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. SOTO ◽  
N. MARTÍNEZ ◽  
B. GUERRA ◽  
M. A. GONZÁLEZ-HEVIA ◽  
M. C. MENDOZA
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Genetic Typing ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Epidemiological Impact ◽  
Salmonella Serotype

Different genetic typing procedures were applied in an epidemiological study of Salmonella serotype Ohio. Isolates that generated identical DNA fingerprints (HincII ribotypes, ERIC and RAPD profiles) were clustered into the same lineage, and the addition of data from plasmid, integron and resistance profiles was used to differentiate types. Results led to the determination of the endemic and the emergent epidemic types at specific times, and to ascertain the clinical and epidemiological impact of each type. In the series analysed (47 clinical isolates and 3 non-clinical isolates) 11 lineages and 32 types were found. Two lineages were considered prevalent and endemic, and during an epidemiological alert (Spain, 1998) a re-emergence and spread of organisms mainly from the most frequent lineage had occurred. The combination of H-ribotype with ERIC profile, as primary markers, and resistance profile with plasmid profile, as secondary markers, was shown to be the most useful tool to trace epidemiologically Ohio.

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