Diversity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains associated to racemes of Grillo grape variety

ABSTRACT The most important oenological characteristics of high-quality sparkling wines are high content of acidity and low pH. Racemes are late-maturing grapes of Grillo variety characterized by low pH and high content of tartaric and malic acids and, due to their intrinsic characteristics, might represent an interesting technological solution to increase acid quality of base sparkling wine. To this purpose, the use of yeasts able to ferment grape must at very low pH is mandatory for the success of the process. In this work, 261 Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from spontaneous vinifications of Grillo grape racemes were subject to intraspecific characterization by interdelta analysis which evidenced a total population consisting of 82 strains which were screened for their basis of technological traits including SO2 and alcohol tolerance, flocculence, growth at low temperatures and qualitative features such as H2S production. A total of 11 strains with interesting technological performance in vitro were inoculated into musts obtained from racemes of Grillo grape variety and microfermentation were monitored. For the first time an ecological investigation of yeast associated to raceme grapes has been carried out and provided an innovative strategy to improve the acidity of a Sicilian sparkling base wine from Grillo grape variety.

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Effect of Different Ending Fermentation Technologies on Microbial-Stability of Italian Riesling Low Alcohol Sweet White Wine

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.1165 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 393-395 ◽

pp. 1165-1168 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yan Cui ◽

Wen Lv ◽

Jin Fu Liu ◽

Bu Jiang Wang

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Electrostatic Field ◽

Raw Materials ◽

White Wine ◽

Grape Variety ◽

Lethal Rate ◽

Microbial Stability ◽

Fermentation Technology ◽

Low Alcohol

In order to investigate effects of different ending fermentation technologies on microbial-stability and quality of low alcohol sweet white wine, with Italy Reasling grapes as raw materials, four ending fermentation technologies: single SO2 treatment, combined high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF)/SO2 treatment, combined ultrasound/SO2 treatment, and combined pasteurization/SO2 treatment were compared in yeasts lethality, enological parameters and sensory evaluation of the low-alcohol sweet white wines.The results showed that: the best ending fermentation technology was combined ultrasound (40Hz/20min)/SO2(40mg/L) treatment, which had higher total lethal rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the wines treated in this way were rich in typical Italy Reasling grape variety flavor and attractive aromas, with a pleasant fruity taste and microbial stability.

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Development of Toxic Degradation Products during Heat Sterilization of Glucose-Containing Fluids for Peritoneal Dialysis: Influence of Time and Temperature

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686089501500106 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 26-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Per Kjellstrand ◽

Evi Martinson ◽

Anders Wieslander ◽

Björn Holmquist

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Glucose Solution ◽

Degradation Products ◽

General Pattern ◽

Low Ph ◽

Uv Absorbance ◽

Influence Of Temperature ◽

In Vitro Systems

Objective Fluids for peritoneal dialysis (PD) cause cytotoxic reactions in many different in vitro systems. The low pH, the high osmolality of the fluids, and the glucose degradation products formed during heat sterilization have been considered responsible. In the present study, we investigate the influence of temperature and time during heat sterilization of PD fluids and glucose solutions on glucose degradation and cytotoxicity of the solutions. Design Ampoules containing PD-fluid or glucose solution were heated in an oil bath to predetermined F o values (combinations of time and temperature giving equal energy/bacteriallethality). Cytotoxicity of the solutions was measured as groWth inhibition of cultured L-929 fibroblasts. Glucose degradation was measured as UV absorbance at 228 and 284 nm. Results The same general pattern was seen in both PD fluid and glucose solution. Cytotoxicity decreased from 90% to 15% when the sterilization temperature was increased from 115° to 140°C and concomitantly the length of time shortened in order to maintain equal bacteriallethality. Under the same conditions, degradation products, measured as UV absorbance at 284 nm, decreased from 0.2 to 0.02. Conclusion To minimizethe development of cytotoxic breakdown products, high temperatures over short periods of time should be used to heat-sterilize PD fluids. Even as small an increase as 5°C at around 120°C will improve the quality of the solutions.

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Mutations in RAD6, a yeast gene encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, stimulate retrotransposition.

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.10.3.1017 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1017-1022 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

S Picologlou ◽

N Brown ◽

S W Liebman

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Yeast Gene ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Repair Gene ◽

Dna Repair Gene ◽

Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme ◽

First Time ◽

Conjugating Enzyme

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA repair gene RAD6 encodes a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme which polyubiquitinates histones in vitro. Here we show that mutations in rad6 increase the frequency of transposition of the retrotransposon Ty into the CAN1 and URA3 loci. Using isogenic RAD6 and rad6 strains, we measured a more than 100-fold increase in the spontaneous rate of retrotransposition due to rad6, although there was no increase in the Ty message level. This is the first time that a mutation in a host gene has been shown to result in an increased rate of retrotransposition.

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Sound foundations: archaeology in Scotland's towns and cities and the role of the Scottish Burgh Survey

Antiquity ◽

10.1017/s0003598x00091274 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 76 (293) ◽

pp. 802-807 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Olwyn Owen

Keyword(s):

Total Population ◽

Natural Heritage ◽

1960S And 1970S ◽

First Time

We shall not cease from explorationAnd the end of all our exploringWill be to arrive where we startedAnd know the place for the first time.T.S. ELIOTIntroductionThink of Scotland. The chances are that what springs to mind is a picture of mountains, lochs, glens and coasts — an outstanding natural heritage which uplifts the spirit and overflows the pages of the tourist brochures. Paradoxically, though, modern Scotland has an urban heart, with its people, the lifeblood of its economy and its cultural centres all concentrated in the towns and cities. Scotland is fortunate in the quantity and quality of its historic towns, with a preponderance of small and medium-sized towns, many of which escaped the insensitive 1960s and 1970s redevelopment so eloquently lamented elsewhere. Even Scotland’s cities are small by English standards; the population of Glasgow, our largest city, was about 650,000 in the 1991 census, and Dundee, the smallest (before Inverness’s elevation), only about 165,000. Today some 80% of the total population of around 5,000,000 live and work in towns and cities.

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Treatment and prevention of Salomellosis in puppies using Lactobacillus acidophilus

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/iraqijvm.v32i1.781 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 214-222

Author(s):

S. A.G. Al-Samarrae

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Bile Salts ◽

Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽

Low Ph ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

Standard Strain ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

First Time

This study was carried out to evaluate the ability of Lactobacillusacidophilus to prevent and treat Salmonella typhimurium in puppies. In vitroantibiotic sensitivity test of S. typhimurium was made and the result revealedthat Ciprofloxacin is the most effective.Isolation of L. acidophilus from theintestinal tract of the normal dogs and also revealed that all Lactobacillus strainswere biochemically identical to standard strain. A bacterial strain that had highability to inhibit the growth of S. typhimurium in vitro with high ability toadhere to intestinal epithelial cells and tolerate the low pH and bile salts waschosen for the experimental study.Twenty puppies were divided into four groups and treated in different ways.The clinical, haematological and biochemical parameters were obtained from allanimals at the period of two days before inoculation until the death of animals ofthe first group at the sixth day post infection. The results revealed that , puppiesexperimentally infected with S.typhimurium showed both septicemic andgastrointestinal forms of the disease accompanied with isolation ofS.typhimurium from the blood and stool throughout the experiment. Thestatistical analysis of the results of all parameters among all groups revealed ,forthe first time, that L.acidophilus plays an important role in the prevention ofS.typhimurium infection in puppies . It also has high therapeutic effect againstS.typhimurium, which was almost similar to that of Ciprofloxacin.

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Using mixed inocula of Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer strains to improve the quality of traditional sparkling-wine

Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.fm.2016.06.006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 ◽

pp. 150-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Rocío Velázquez ◽

Emiliano Zamora ◽

Manuel Álvarez ◽

María L. Álvarez ◽

Manuel Ramírez

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Sparkling Wine ◽

Mixed Inocula

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Rapid Rubber Extraction and NMR Spectroscopy of Rubber, Extracted from the Endemic Species Scorzonera Tau-Saghyz

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal ◽

10.18321/ectj931 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

K.K. Boguspaev ◽

S.K. Turasheva ◽

T.M. Seilkhanov ◽

D.G. Faleev ◽

M.S. Mutalkhanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adventitious Shoots ◽

Physiological Age ◽

Root Extract ◽

Nmr Characterization ◽

First Time ◽

Rubber Good ◽

Isoprene Rubber

Scorzonera tau-saghyz Lipsch. et G.G. Bosse is an endemic rubber producing plant, growing in mountain regions in South Kazakhstan. The rubber content in plants and the quality of biopolymer has an important impact on industrial rubber production. The results of this study showed that the amount of rubber in S. tau-saghyz roots fluctuates between 7.74% and 38.75%. The amount of synthesized and deposited rubber biopolymer particles depends on various factors such as physiological age of plant, origin, temperature, moisture and environmental conditions. We optimized the extraction method of natural rubber by using n-hexane as a solvent for direct extraction. This method allows extracting the maximum amount of rubber from 3‒4-year-old plants. NMR results show structural links of natural isoprene rubber in the root extract sample. There is a clear relationship between methyl, methine and methylene protons which corresponds to isoprene rubber structure. The samples having strongly marked singlets that are inherent for rubber functional groups confirms the stereospecific structure of rubber. Good solubility of the root extract in deuterated chloroform can characterize the low molecular weight of the polymer. NMR characterization of rubber, extracted from S. tau-saghyz roots, is reported for the first time. Regeneration in vitro provides an important opportunity for endemic preservation by rapidly increasing the number of plants. The best regeneration of adventitious shoots was obtained on MS medium containing 5.5 μM kinetin and 0.5 μM NAA. The plants were successfully acclimatized in a glasshouse with 75% of S. tau-saghyz plantlets, respectively surviving after transfer to ex vitro conditions.

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Virus-encoded toxin of Ustilago maydis: two polypeptides are essential for activity

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.7.1.470-477.1987 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 470-477

Author(s):

T Peery ◽

T Shabat-Brand ◽

R Steinlauf ◽

Y Koltin ◽

J Bruenn

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Toxic Effect ◽

Rna Viruses ◽

Ustilago Maydis ◽

Antigenic Determinants ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Toxic Activity ◽

Double Stranded Rna ◽

First Time

Cells of Ustilago maydis containing double-stranded RNA viruses secrete a virus-encoded toxin to which other cells of the same species and related species are sensitive. Mutants affected in the expression of the KP6 toxin were characterized, and all were viral mutants. A temperature-sensitive nonkiller mutant indicated that the toxin consists of two polypeptides, 12.5K and 10K, that are essential for the toxic activity. The temperature-sensitive nonkiller mutant was affected in the expression of the 10K polypeptide, and its toxic activity was restored by the addition of the 10K polypeptide to its secreted inactive toxin. These results led to the reexamination of other mutants that were known to complement in vitro. Each was found to secrete one of the two polypeptides. Here we show for the first time that P6 toxin consists of two polypeptides that do not interact in solution, but both are essential for the toxic effect. Studies on the interaction between the two polypeptides indicated that there are no covalent or hydrogen bonds between the polypeptides. Toxin activity is not affected by the presence of 0.3 M NaCl in the toxin preparations and in the medium, suggesting that no electrostatic forces are involved in this interaction. Also, the two polypeptides do not share common antigenic determinants. The activity of the two polypeptides appears to be dependent on a sequential interaction with the target cell, and it is the 10K polypeptide that initiates the toxic effect. The similarity of the U. maydis virus-encoded toxin to that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is discussed.

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Mutations in RAD6, a yeast gene encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, stimulate retrotransposition

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.10.3.1017-1022.1990 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1017-1022

Author(s):

S Picologlou ◽

N Brown ◽

S W Liebman

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Yeast Gene ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Repair Gene ◽

Dna Repair Gene ◽

Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme ◽

First Time ◽

Conjugating Enzyme

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Novel Nanocomposite Inhibiting Caries at the Enamel Restoration Margins in an In Vitro Saliva-Derived Biofilm Secondary Caries Model

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21176369 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (17) ◽

pp. 6369

Author(s):

Wen Zhou ◽

Xinyu Peng ◽

Xuedong Zhou ◽

Andrea Bonavente ◽

Michael D. Weir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Ph ◽

The Novel ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Ion Release ◽

Secondary Caries ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Caries Model ◽

Bovine Enamel ◽

First Time

Secondary caries often occurs at the tooth-composite margins. This study developed a novel bioactive composite containing DMAHDM (dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate) and NACP (nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate), inhibiting caries at the enamel restoration margins in an in vitro saliva-derived biofilm secondary caries model for the first time. Four composites were tested: (1) Heliomolar nanocomposite, (2) 0% DMAHDM + 0% NACP, (3) 3% DMAHDM + 0% NACP, (D) 3% DMAHDM + 30% NACP. Saliva-derived biofilms were tested for antibacterial effects of the composites. Bovine enamel restorations were cultured with biofilms, Ca and P ion release of nanocomposite and enamel hardness at the enamel restoration margins was measured. Incorporation of DMAHDM and NACP into composite did not affect the mechanical properties (p > 0.05). The biofilms’ CFU (colony-forming units) were reduced by 2 logs via DMAHDM (p < 0.05). Ca and P ion release of the nanocomposite was increased at cariogenic low pH. Enamel hardness at the margins for DMAHDM group was 25% higher than control (p < 0.05). With DMAHDM + NACP, the enamel hardness was the greatest and about 50% higher than control (p < 0.05). Therefore, the novel composite containing DMAHDM and NACP was strongly antibacterial and inhibited enamel demineralization, resulting in enamel hardness at the margins under biofilms that approached the hardness of healthy enamel.

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